语言学专业术语.doc

语言学专业术语语言学及应用语言学 陈倩雯 李学娇 徐玮琳 殷彦明 邓利洁acquisition习得Active articulator 积极发音器官Affixation（词缀）Allophones 音位变体Alphabet 字母anthropological linguistics人类语言学Antonymy(反义关系)applied linguistics应用语言学applied sociolinguistics应用社会语言学Aspect 体associative联想Bilingual corpus 双语语料库Bound Morphemes (粘着词素)Broad transcription 宽式标音Case-格category范畴Category-范畴Clause-小句从句Clean text policy 干净文本原则Cluster 词簇、词丛Colligation 类联接、类连接、类联结Collocate n./v. 搭配词；搭配Collocation 搭配、词语搭配Cognitive grammars-认知语法Collocation(搭配）Compound vowel 韵母compounding（复合）computational linguistics计算语言学concept概念Consonant 辅音Construction-句子结构contextual analyses语境分析context语境contrastive analysis对比分析Conversion（转换）Corpus Linguistics 语料库语言学Corpus 语料库Comparable corpora 类比语料库、可比语料库corpus linguistics语料库语言学derivation（派生）Derivational affixes (派生词缀)Descriptive grammars-描写语法descriptive linguistics描写语言学diachronic linguistics历时语言学Discourse analysis-话语分析Discourse grammar-语篇语法Discourse-语篇experimental psycholinguistics实验心理语言学Free morphemes (自由词素)Free variation 自由变体Functional grammars-功能语法functional linguistics功能语言学Gender-性General (purpose) corpus 通用语料库Longitudinal/Developmental corpus 跟踪语料库、发展语料库、历时语料库general linguistics普通语言学generative semantics生成语言学genre体裁语类Genre-语类Grammar description-语法描写Head vowel 韵头historical linguistics历史语言学Hyponymy (上下义关系)Idiom(习语，成语）inflection (构形法)Initial consonant 声母Intonation 语调intonation语调Intonology 语调学label标记Laryngeals 喉音Lexeme(词位）Logogram-语标Metaphor（隐喻）metaphor隐喻metonymy转喻metre韵律Monolingual corpus 单语语料库Multilingual corpus 多语语料库morpheme(词素)Morpheme(词素）Narrow transcription 窄式标音NLP/Natural Language Processing 自然语言处理Nominative 主格Number-数Object-宾语Paradigmatic relations-聚合关系Parallel corpus 平行语料库、对应语料库Parole linguistics 言语语言学Pedagogic corpus 教学语料库Segmentation 切分、分词Special purpose corpus 专用语料库、专门用途语料库、专题语料库Passive articulator 消极发音器官Pedagogical grammar-教学语法Phonology 音位学Phrase-短语Predicate-谓语prefix（前缀）Register-语域Rhyme scheme 韵律Semiotics-符号学Sequential relations-序列关系Signified-能指Signifier-所指structuralist linguistics 结构主义语言学Subject-主语Suffix（后缀）Syllable 音节Synchronic corpus 共时语料库synchronic linguistics 共时语言学Syntactic function-句法功能Syntagmatic relations-组合关系Syntax-句法Tail vowel 韵尾Tense 时The essential vowel in a compound vowel 韵腹The Expansion of Meaning（词义的扩大）The narrowing of meaning（词义的缩小）Tokenization 分词Transcription 转写Translational corpus 翻译语料库Web as Corpus 网络语料库Wildcard 通配符Tone 声调Tonetics 声调学Turn 话轮Urrterance-Voiced consonant 浊辅音Voiceless consonant 清辅音Vowel 元音Word class(词性