2012年同等学力英语冲刺练习及详解15

2012 年同等学力英语冲刺练习及详解 十五 阅读理解 After retirement from medical my wife and I built our home in a gated community surrounded by yacht clubs and golf courses on Hilton Head Island But when I left for the other side of the island I was traveling on unpaved roads lined with leaky cottages The lifestyle of many of the native islanders stood in shocking contrast to my comfortable existence By talking to the local folks I discovered that the vast majority of the maids gardeners waitresses and construction workers who make this island work had little or no access to medical care It seemed outrageous to me I wondered why someone didn t do something about that Then my father s words which he had asked his children daily when they were young rang in my head again What did you do for someone today Even though my father had died several years before I guess I still didn t want to disappoint him So I started working on a solution The island was full of retired doctors If I could persuade them to spend a few hours a week volunteering their services we could provide free primary health care to those so desperately in need of it Most of the doctors I approached liked the idea so long as they could be relicensed without troubles It took one year and plenty of persistence but I was able to persuade the state legislators to create a special license for doctors volunteering in not for profit clinics The town donated land local residents contributed office and medical equipment and some of the potential patients volunteered their weekends ornamenting the building that would become the clinic We named it volunteers in Medicine and we opened its doors in 1994 fully staffed by retired physicians nurses and dentists as well as nearly 150 nonprofessional volunteers That year we had 5000 patient visits last year we had 16000 Somehow word of what we were doing got around Soon we were receiving phone calls from retired physicians all over the country asking for help in starting VIM clinics in their communities We did the best we could there are now 15 other clinics operating but we couldn t keep up with the need Yet last month I think my father s words found their way up north to McNeil Consumer Healthcare the maker of Tylenol 泰诺 一种感冒药 A major grant from McNeil will allow us to respond to these requests and help establish other free clinics in communities around the country NextPage 61 What is the passage mainly about A The contrast between the rich and the poor on an island B The story of a man who likes to give others advice C The life and work of a great father D The inspiration of a father s words 62 The author of the passage is A a retired physicianB a retired teacher C a retired medical researcherD a retired construction worker 63 The purpose of Volunteers in Medicine is to A help retired medical workers improve their incomes B provide free medical services to those who need them C urge the government to set up non profit clinics D make the dream of the author s father come true 64 Which of the following has been done by the author himself A Buying the medical equipment B Finding the land and the office C Decorating the building that would become the clinic D Getting a special license for the retired doctors 65 In the last paragraph I think my father s words found their way up north to McNeil implies that A my father s words finally reached McNeil B McNeil decided to do something for the needy people C My father decided to assist us in opening more clinics in the north D McNeil community was badly in need of free health care programs NextPage 答案解析 从医学院退休以后 我和妻子把家建在了希尔顿海德岛上的一个周围都是游艇俱乐部和高 尔夫球场的封闭社区内 但是 当我离开那里到岛的另一端时 我走在半修砌的路上 两 边是破烂的村舍 岛上许多土著居民的 生活方式 与我舒适的生活形成了鲜明的对比 通过与当地居民谈话 我发现 这里的绝大多数女佣 园丁 女服务员以及建筑工人等很 少或根本享受不到医疗护理 而正是他们使该岛正常运行 我感到非常愤慨 我想知道为 什么没有人为此做些什么 于是 我父亲的话又出现在我脑中 我们小时候父亲每天都 会这样问我们 今天你为别人做了什么 尽管我父亲在几年前就去世了 但是 我想我仍然不想令他失望 所以 我开始致力于寻 求一个解决方案 岛上有很多退休的医生 如果我可以说服他们每星期花费几小时自愿提 供服务 我们就为那些急需的人们提供免费的基本医疗护理 大多数我所接触的医生都赞 同这个主意 只要他们能够不费力地重新获得执照 我用了一年的时间以及不懈的努力 但是 我终于说服了这个州的立法人员为那些在非营利诊所里自愿提供服务的医生颁发了 特殊的执照 镇里捐献了场地 当地居民捐赠了办公室及医疗设备 一些人自愿空出他们周末的时间装 修即将成为诊所的房子 我们把它叫做 医疗志愿者 并于 1994 年开业 所有人员都是 退休的医生 护士和牙医以及近 150 名非职业志愿者 那年有 5000 名病人来我们的诊所 去年我们接收了 16000 名 不知为什么 我们所做的这些事情传开了 不久 我们接到了来自全国各地退休医生打来 的电话 要求我们帮助在他们社区也开办 VIM 诊所 我们尽最大的努力 现在有 15 个诊 所正在营业中 但我们仍然赶不上需要 不过 上个月 我想我父亲的话在北方发挥了作 用 在迈克内尔消费者保健中心泰诺的制造商那里起了作用 迈克内尔的一笔数额较大的 赠款将使我们能够回应这些需求 帮助在全国范围的各社区建立其他的免费诊所 NextPage 61 正确答案 D 考点类型 主旨判断 解析过程 文章主要是关于 A 岛上穷人和富人的对比B 喜欢提出建议的一个人的故事 C 一个伟大父亲的工作和生活D 一个伟大父亲的激励 综观全文是说作者在父亲的鼓励下 实现了他父亲也是他本人的愿望 表明选项 D 是正确 答案 其他几个选项都不符合文章主题的含义 考点提示 主旨题就是把文章中最关键的核心词和作者的态度放到一起 该选项就是正 确答案 62 正确答案 C 考点类型 细节判断 解析过程 文章的作者是 A 一名退休的医生B 一名退休的老师 C 一名退休的医学研究人员D 一名退休的建筑工人 线索 文章的第 1 段提到 After retirement from medical my wife and I built our home in a gated community 表明选项 C 是正确答案 考点提示 根据题干的线索范围原文寻找答案 63 正确答案 B 考点类型 细节判断 解析过程 医疗志愿者的目的是 A 帮助医疗工人提高他们的收入 B 提供免费的医疗服务给那些需要他们的人 C 督促政府建立非营利的医疗诊所 D 使作者父亲的梦想成真 线索 文章的第 1 段提到 If I could persuade them to spend a few hours a week volunteering their services we could provide free primary health care to those so desperately in need of it 表明选项 B 是正确答案 选项 D 比较具有迷惑性 该选项不正确的原因是本文主要讨论的 是作者帮助别人的愿望和实现该愿望做出的努力 不可能是作者实现他父亲的梦想 考点提示 根据文章的中心 做题的时候时时刻刻都要想着该文章的中心是什么 这样 可以避免做错选项 因为正确选项都是应该和文章中心相吻合 64 正确答案 D 考点类型 细节判断 解析过程 下面哪件事情是作者本人完成的 A 购买医疗设备B 发现用地和办公地点 C 装修会成为诊所的大楼D 给退休医生颁发特殊的许可证 线索 文章的第 3 段提到 but I was able to persuade the state legislators to create a special license for doctors volunteering in not for profit clinics 表明选项 D 是正确答案 A B C 选项不是作者亲自做的 考点提示 明确作者做的事情和观点 区分和别人做的事情 65 正确答案 B 考点类型 句子含义推断 解析过程 最后一段 我想我父亲的话语在北方起了作用 暗含的意思是 A 我父亲的话最终到达了迈克内尔 B 迈克内尔决定为那些贫困的人做一些事情 C 我父亲决定帮助我们开办更多的北部医疗诊所 D 迈克内尔社区非常的需要医疗健康保障 线索 文章的第 1 段提到 I think my father s words found their way up north to McNeil Consumer Healthcare the maker of Tylenol 泰诺 一种感冒药 A major grant from McNeil will allow us to respond to these requests and help establish other free clinics in communities around the country 表明选项 B 是正确答案 考点提示 混淆选项 C 错误的原因是一个比较典型的特点 整个选项的内容都基本符合 文章 但唯独其中有一个单词 my father 不正确 所以该选项不能选 NextPage 阅读理解 Passage Five Even before Historian Joseph Ellis became a best selling author he was famous for his vivid lectures In his popular courses at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts he would often make classroom discussion lively by describing his own combat experience in Vietnam But as Ellis s reputation grew his books on the Founding Fathers have won both the prestigious National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize the history professor began to entertain local and national reporters with his memories of war Last year after The Boston Globe carried accounts of Ellis s experience in the Vietnam war someone who knew the truth about Ellis dropped a dime 揭发 Last week The Boston Globe revealed that Ellis famous for explaining the nation s history had some explaining to do about his own past Even in the best of lives mistakes are made said a wretched Ellis It turned out that while the distinguished historian had served in the Army he d spent his war years not in the jungles of Southeast Asia but teaching history at West Point 西点军校 He d also overstated his role in the antiwar movement and even his high school athletic records His admission shocked colleagues fellow historians and students who wondered why someone so accomplished would beautify his past But it seems that success and truthfulness don t always go hand in hand Even among the distinguished achievers security experts say one in ten is deceiving indulging in everything from empty boasting to more serious offenses such as plagiarism 剽窃 fictionalizing military records making up false academic certificates or worse And oddly prominent people who beautify the past often do so once they re famous says Ernest Brod of Kroll Associates which has conducted thousands of background checks Says Brod It s not like they use these lies to climb the ladder Then what makes them do it Psychologists say some people succeed at least in part because they are uniquely adjusted to the expectations of others And no matter how well known those people can be haunted by a sense of their own shortcomings From outside these people look anything but fragile says Dennis Shulman a New York psychoanalyst But inside they feel hollow empty NextPage 66 Which of the following is true about Ellis A He is a famous professor of history at West Point B His book on the Vietnam war has won two important prizes C He has told both students and reporters about his own experience of war D He has written a best seller for a newspaper The Boston Globe 67 While Ellis served in the Army he A combated in Vietnam B taught at a military school C exaggerated his part as a historian D made mistakes in the antiwar movement 68 What did Ellis lie about A His war experience in Vietnam B His athletic records in high school C His role in the antiwar movement D All of the above 69 What does to climb the ladder in the second paragraph mean A To become more successful B To inquire into one s background C To cover one s serious offenses D To go further in beautifying one s past 70 According to psychologists successful people who lie about themselves A take pride in their weaknessesB feel weak in their hearts C think nothing of others D look weak to others NextPage 答案解析 在历史学家约瑟夫 埃利斯成为畅销书作家之前 他因生动的演讲而闻名 他在马塞诸塞 州 Mount Holyoke 讲课非常受欢迎 通过描述他自己在越南战争中的战斗经历 经常使得 课堂上的讨论非常活跃 但是 随着埃利斯的名声的扩大 他关于 开国者 的书同时 获得了享有盛誉的国家书籍奖和普利茨奖 历史教授开始向地方和全国的记者报告他的有 关于战争的记忆 去年 波士顿环球报 报道了埃利斯在越南战斗中的经历后 一些知 道埃利斯真实情况的人揭发了他 上星期 波士顿环球报 透露 埃利斯因解释国家历 史而闻名 将必须解释一些关于他自己的过去的事 即使在生命最好的时期 人们也会犯错误 可怜的埃利斯说 已经证实 当著名的历史 学家在军队服兵役时 他的战争年代并不是在东南亚的丛林中度过的 而是在西点军校教 授历史 他还夸大了他在反战运动中的角色 甚至是他在中学时代的运动记录也被夸大了 他的坦白使他的同事 同伴以及学生感到震惊 他们想知道为什么一个如此有成就的人还 要美化他的过去 但是 看上去成功与真相似乎并不总是紧密相连的 安全专家说 即使 是在杰出的成功者中 也有 1 10 的人在欺骗 沉溺于空洞的吹嘘和更严重的犯罪等 比如 剽窃 虚构军事记录 制作假学术证书或更糟的行为 克罗尔会员 的欧内斯特博德说 奇怪的是那些美化过去的人一旦成名后就经常这样做 克罗尔会员 进行了数千次这样的 背景报告 博德说 他们不像是在利用谎言去爬上阶梯 那么 是什么让他们这样做呢 心理学家说 一些人成功了 至少一部分成功了 因为他 们只是迎合了其他人的期望 不管怎样出名 他们都会因感到不足而受到困扰 从外界来 看 这些人没什么 只是有些脆弱 丹尼斯撒尔曼说 他是一名纽约的心理分析学家 但是 从内心来说 他们感到空洞 空虚 NextPage 66 正确答案 C 考点类型 细节判断 解析过程 关于埃利斯下面哪句话是对的 A 他是西点军校一名著名的教授 B 他写的关于越南战争的书获得了两个重要的奖项 C 他已经告诉他的学生和记者关于他越南战争的经历 D 他成为了 波士顿环球报 的一名畅销作者 线索 文章的第 1 段提到 he would often make classroom discussion lively by describing his own combat experience in Vietnam 和 the history professor began to entertain local and national reporters with his memories of war 表明选项 C 是正确答案 选项 B 和原文的内容 his books on the Founding Fathers have won both the prestigious National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize 不符合 属于偷换概念 考点提示 同学们在做题的时候一定要谨防偷换概念的错误 这种选项特别具有迷惑性 67 正确答案 B 考点类型 细节判断 解析过程 埃利斯在军队服役的期间 他 A 在越南作战B 在军事学校教书 C 夸大他作为历史学家的作用D 在反战的运动中犯了错误 线索 文章的第 2 段提到 he d spent his war years not in the jungles of Southeast Asia but teaching history at West Point 西点军校 表明选项 B 是