七年级下册英语人教版.doc

Unit 2 Wheres the post office一、单词post n.邮件;邮递office n.办公室;事务所post office 邮局library n.图书馆restaurant n.餐馆;饭店bank n.银行supermarket n.超级市场St.abbr.(=street) 街;街道street n. 街;街道pay 付钱;支付pay phone n.投币式公用电话park n.公园ave abbr.(=avenue)大街;林荫道avenue n.大街;林荫道center n.中央;中心bridge n.桥mail n.邮件;邮政there adv.在那里near prep.在-附近across prep.横过;在对面across from 在-对面next prep.紧靠-的旁边;贴近next to 紧靠-的旁边;贴近;最接近between 介于(两者或多者)之间front 前面;前边in front of 在-前面behind 在-之后neighborhood n.附近;街区;附近地区just adv.直接地;就;只;仅仅traight adv.一直;直接turn v.转弯;转变方向left adv.n.向左;左边down adv.prep.向下;下去;沿着right adv.n.向右;右边on the right 在右边open adj.开着的;营业中的market n.市场;市集clean adj.清洁的;干净的quiet adj.宁静的dirty adj.肮脏的house n.房子;住宅welcome int. 欢迎garden n.菜园;花园district n.区域;地方enjoy v.享受-的乐趣;欣赏walk n.散步;步行take a walk 散步through v.穿过;通beginning n.开始tour n.旅行;游历visit v.参观;游览place n.地方;地点fun n.愉快;开心have fun 玩得开心if conj.(表条件)如果hungry adj.饥饿的arrive v.到达;抵达way n.路;路线;路途take v.乘;坐;搭(车、船)taxi n.出租车;的士;计程车airport n.飞机场pass v.通过二、词组post office 邮局pay phone 投币式公用电话next to 在.隔壁、紧靠 next to the supermarket 紧靠超市across from 在的对面across from the bank 在银行的对面down /along 沿着（街道）down/along Center Street 沿着中央街in front of 在.（内）前面between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间There is a tree in front of the classroom. 课室前面有棵树。among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间behind 在后面behind my house 在我家后面betweenand 在.和.之间on a street 在街上in the neighborhood=near here 在附近on the right/left 在右边在左边on ones right/left 在某人的右边左边turn right/left 向右左转on the left/right of 在某物的左/右边on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边；on ones left/right 在某人的左/右边on my left 在我左边go straight 一直走welcome to 欢迎来到take /have a walk 散步the beginning of 的开始,前端；at the beginning of 在的开始,前端；in the beginning 起初，一开始on + 街道的名称。Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称Eg: at 6 Center Streethave fun 玩得开心the way to 去.的路take a taxi 打的乘出租车go down(along) 沿着.走go through. 穿过.go across 从物体表面横过go across the street 横过马路go through 从空间穿过go through the forest 穿过树林have a good trip 旅途愉快have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快；我昨天玩得很开心。I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday.到达：get to +地方get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家；arrive in +大地方I arrive in Beijing. arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank. reach +地方三、句型（1）Is there a bank near here? Yes,there is .Its on Centre Street. No,there isnt.（2）Wheres the sumpermarket? Its next to the library.（3）Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.（4）I hope you have a good trip.（5）If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.（6）Talk a walk though the park.（7）enjoy后接名词或动词-ing形式. Do you enoy(=like) your work? Do you enjoy(=like) living in the city?四、日常交际用语（1）Is there a .?句型Eg:（eg= for example“例如”的意思） -Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood. -Yes, there is. No.there isnt（2）Where is ?句型Eg:-Where is the park,please?-Its behind the bank.(肯定回答)-Im sorry I dont know. (否定回答)（3）Which is the way to +地点? 句型.例如：- Which is the way to the library.（4）How can I get to +地点?句型.例如：-How can I get to the restaurant?（5）Can you tell me the way to +地点？句型.例如：- Can you tell me the way to the post office?（6）Let me tell you the way to my house.（7）Just go straight and turn left.五、重点句型（一）Asking ways (问路) :1Where is (the nearest) ？ （最近的）在哪里？2Can you tell me the way to ？ 你能告诉我去的路吗？3How can I get to ？ 我怎样到达呢？4Is there near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有吗？5Which is the way to ？ 哪条是去的路？（二）Showing the ways（指路）:1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。5. Youd better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（Youd better+动词原形）六、1、Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is. Its on Center Street.附近有一家银行吗? 有，在中央大街上。There be 结构在英语中被广泛使用，它的许多变形常常使学习者迷惑不解，为帮助初级英语学习者更好地掌握这一句型，下面就There be 结构在中学阶段常见的变化形式进行小结如下：There be 结构用法小结顺口溜：there be句型有特点,主语放在be后边；变疑问，很简单,把be提到there前。变否定，也不难,be的后面not添；肯定句中用some, 疑问、否定any换。多个主语并列时, be随第一主语变；介词短语表地点,有表存在记心间。There be，主语前,have/has主语后面站；have/has表所有，There be表存在,区别牢记在心间。 用法详解： “there be”句型是一个典型的倒装句结构，句中的there只起引导作用，并无实际意义，句子的真正主语是谓语动词be后面的名词。译成汉语意思是“某处有某物”，但这个“有”是表示“存在”，而不是“所有关系”的“拥有”的“有”，表示“所有关系”的“拥有”的“有”，要用“have/has”来表示。 基本结构（也是最常用的）：there be + 名词（主语）+介词短语(be是谓语动词，它在人称和数上应和其后的主语（名词）保持一致，即主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is，复数时用are。)There is a map of Chinaon the back wall of our classroom. （我们教室的后墙上有一幅中国地图。）There is some meat on the plate盘子里有些肉。There are twenty boys and twenty-four girls in our class. （我们班有20名男生和24名女生。）试比较以下句子：（注意它们之间的区别）There isa pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。There aretwo books and a pen on the desk. 课桌上有两本书和一支钢笔。There aresome students and a teacher in the classroom. 在教室里有一些学生和一位老师。There isa teacher and some students in the classroom. 在教室里有一位老师和一些学生。否定句：There arent any apples on the tree树上没有苹果。There werent two pictures on the wall yesterday昨天墙上没有两幅画。一般疑问句：Is there a map of Chinaon the wall. （墙上有一幅中国地图吗？）Are there two books and a pen on the desk.（课桌上有两本书和一支钢笔吗？）Is there any meat on the plate? 盘子里有肉吗？特殊疑问句：How many boys and girls are there in your class?你们班有多少男生和女生？How many maps of Chinaare there on the wall? 墙上有多少幅中国地图？How many books and pens are there on the desk? 课桌上有多少本书和多少支钢笔？Whats on the desk？课桌上有什么？Whats on the plate？盘子里有什么？Whats on the wall？墙上有什么？there + 情态动词+ be（表示推测或猜想）There must be something wrong.一定有问题。There ought not to be so many people.不应该有这么多的人。There might still be hope .可能还有点希望。There must be no one in the classroom教室里肯定没人。There might be snow at night.晚上可能有雪。There be结构常见时态（有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时等，其时态的变化都是通过be动词来完成和体现的。）时 态谓语动词例 句一般现在时are/isThere are two chairs in the room.一般过去时were/wasThere was a bike near the house a moment ago.一般将来时will beis(are)going beThere will be a meeting tonight.There is going to be a meeting tonight.There are gong to be two football matches tomorrow.现在完成时have/has beenThere have been great changes in my hometown.常见与时态有关的句型汇总：现在有 there is/are 过去有 there was/were将来有 there will be/there is /are going to be.现在已经有 there has/have been可能有 there might be.肯定有 there must be /there must have been.过去一直有 there used to be 似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be 在there be引起的句子结构中，用来修饰主语的不定式用主动形式和被动形式均可。There is no time to lose (= to be lost).时间紧迫。There is nothing to see (=to be seen).看不见有什么。There is nothing to do (=to be done). 无事可做。There be结构中的谓语动词有时不用be，而用其他动词，使语言表达更生动形象，如live，stand，lie等词。Long，long ago，there lived a king很久以前有一个国王。There stands a temple on the hill山上有座庙。Then there came a knock at the door.然后有人敲门。 There be结构的陈述句变成反意疑问句时，其附加问句的主语应用there，而不可用其它词替代。Theres a beautiful flower on the floor，isn t there？There arent any books in the box，are there？ There be结构中的主语不能是人称代词、专有名词以及被物主代词或所有格修饰的名词。如：China is in the east of the world不能说：There is China in the east of the world.Their bikes are under the tree 不能说：There are their bikes un der the tree.They are over there. 不能说：There are they over there.对于there be 结构的其它变形由于在中学阶段很少出现，这里就不多述。【专项练习】 汉译英： 今晚不开会。 这个村子过去只有一口井。 这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。 客人当中有两名美国人和两名日本人。 天气预报说下午有大风。 灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。 在那时这儿一直有家电影院的。 恰好那时房里没人。 从前，在这个村子里住着一位老奶奶。 公共汽车来了。 就只剩下二十八元了。 在这座房子前面长着一棵高大的松树。 铃响了。 二月份有二十八天。 参考答案： There isnt going to be a meeting tonight./There wont be a meeting tonight. There was only a well in the village. There is a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school. Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen. The weatherman says therell be a strong wind in the afternoon. The light is on. There must be someone in the office. There used to be a cinema here before then. There happened to be nobody in the room. Once, there lived an old woman in the village. There comes the bus. There remained just twenty-eight yuan. In front of the house there stands(grows) a tall pine tree. There goes the bell. There are twenty-eight days in February.2、Where is the post office?邮电局在哪里?3、The pay phone is across from the library.电话亭在图书馆的对面。 across from (美国) opposite (sth) 在.的对面:Just across from our house theres a school. 就在我们房子的对面有一所学校。 The post office is just across from the club. 邮局就有那俱乐部对面。4、The supermarket is next to the restaurant.餐馆在超市的隔壁。 next to“紧靠旁边；贴近；最接近”，和 beside 意思相同，都是“旁边”的意思：near比 beside 和 next to 较远一些，是“附近”的意思，它和close to意思相同。 The house next to ours. 跟我们家相邻的房子。 The hotel is next to the church. 旅馆就在教堂隔壁。5、The park is on Fifth Avenue.公园位于第五林荫大道上。6、The hotel is in front of the post office.旅馆在邮电局的前面。 in front of“在前面；在面前”（不在所指事物的内部）， in the front of“在最前面（或最重要）的位置”（在所指事物的内部）。 There is a river in front of the house. 房前有条小河。 She sat in the front of the car. 她坐在汽车的前座上。7、The supermarket is behind the library.超市在图书馆的后面。8、The bank is between the restaurant and the post office.银行在餐馆和邮电局的中间。 btween“在(两者)之间; 处在间”，或指“三者以上每两者之间”，而 among 用于二者以上“在之中”。 He arrived between 6 and 7 last night. 他昨晚6点到7点之间到的。 She shared the oranges between the three children. 她把橘子分给这三个孩子。 The young people lived and worked among the workers. 那些年青人生活、工作在工人之中。9、Excuse me. Is there a hotel in the neighborhood?请问,附近有一家旅馆吗? nighborhood“附近地区；周围地区；附近”；“街坊；四邻”。 The cat happened to be in the neighborhood. 这只猫碰巧就在附近。 The whole neighborhood was there. 街坊都在那里。10、Go straight and turn left.径直往前走,然后左拐。11、Its down Bridge Street on the right.它就在沿桥街靠右。12、a clean park. a dirty park 一个干净的公园一个肮脏的公园13、a new hotel an old hotel 一家新的旅馆一家古朴的旅馆14、a quiet street- a busy street 一条安静的街道一条繁忙的街道15、Welcome to the Garden District.欢迎到花园区来。16、Turn left on First Avenue and enjoy the citys quiet streets and small parks.在第一大街左转, （你就可以）欣赏这个城市的静谥的街道和小巧玲珑的公园。17、Take a walk through the park.步行穿过公园. tke a walk作“散步”解，其后通常接介词指出散步的地点或方向。 Every day he takes a walk in the park after supper. 每天晚饭后他在公园里散步。 Now lets take a walk along the path. 现在我们沿着小路散步吧！ through是介词，“穿越；穿过”之意，常常暗