英语阅读20131214

Beijing s air pollution reached dangerous levels yet again on Sunday marking the third consecutive day of severe smog municipal environmental authorities said 北京市环保部门称 北京空气污染在上周日再次达到危险的水平 持续三天的严重雾霾天气给北京带来了 严重的空气污染 The municipal meteorological station issued the city s first orange fog warning Sunday morning due to decreased visibility caused by the heavy smog Monitoring data released on Sunday showed that air quality indexes in most regions of Beijing had hit 500 the indexes highest level 北京市环保部门在周日上午发布了北京气象史上首个霾橙色预警 浓雾笼罩的北京市能见度非常低 周日 发布的监控数据显示 北京大部分地区的空气质量指数均达到了极值 500 Beijing implemented its emergency response plan for hazardous pollution for the first time on Sunday said Yu Jianhua director of the air quality department under the municipal environmental protection bureau The plan issued last year includes multiple measures to combat and respond to hazardous levels of air pollution 北京市环保局大气处处长于建华表示 北京在周日首次启动了应对严重污染的应急方案 该应急方案于 去年发布 规定应对严重级别空气污染的多项措施 The plan calls for construction sites to limit construction activity that creates large amounts of dust as well as asks industrial enterprises to reduce emissions during hazardous pollution days 该应急方案规定 严重污染日时 建筑施工工地应减少产生大量灰尘的施工行为 并要求工业企业减少排 放 The plan also requires municipal traffic authorities to limit government vehicle usage during smoggy days with the goal of reducing such usage by 30 percent compared to normal days 方案还要求市政交通部门在浓雾天气采用临时交通管制 限制政府车辆的使用 目标是减少正常日中 30 的车辆 The plan also calls for education authorities to instruct schools to limit or completely stop outdoor activity during periods of heavy air pollution 方案另外要求教育部门指示学校等在严重空气污染期间减少或完全终止户外活动 The municipal environmental monitoring center said readings for PM2 5 or airborne particles measuring less than 2 5 micrometers in diameter had reached more than 700 micrograms per square meter at several monitoring stations in Beijing reaching as high as 993 Saturday evening 北京市环境检测中心表示 在北京市的几个监测站 PM2 5 的浓度检测结果 即大气中直径小于或等于 2 5 微米的颗粒物 达到了每立方米 700 微克以上 周六晚间更是高达 993 微克 These figures represent extremely bad pollution Pollutants have gradually accumulated over the course of recent windless days making the air quality even worse said Zhu Tong a professor from the college of environmental sciences and engineering at Peking University 北京大学环境科学与工程学院教授朱彤说 这些数值意味着非常严重 可怕的污染 目前北京无风静稳 新排放的污染物还在不断累积 空气质量更糟 The pollution is expected to engulf Beijing until Wednesday when wind will arrive to blow the smog away according to a weather report from the meteorological station 根据北京气象站的天气预报 严重空气污染将持续影响北京至周三即 1 月 16 日 周三将有一股冷空气抵 到北京吹散雾霾 A luxury apartment in Shanghai or Beijing could cost more than 130 times the annual income of an ordinary wage earner in China according to citing a report released by a US online property research company 上海或北京的一间豪华公寓可能要花费超过一个普通劳动者在中国 130 年的收入 据 21 世纪网引述的发 布在美国在线房地产研究公司上的一份报告 It s an indication that home prices in China have reached a dangerous level according to the website which was quoting from the latest Global Property Guide report 这是一个信号 表明中国的房价已经达到了一个 危险水平 根据引用最新的全球房地产指南报告的该网 站 China s mainland was ranked fourth globally in terms of the per square meter price per capita GDP ratio trailing India Cambodia and the Philippines where an average income earner needs to work about 740 319 and 142 years respectively to afford a luxury home The report did not specify the cost of a luxury home or what constituted an ordinary wage 中国大陆以每平方米价格 人均国内生产总值比率在全球排名第四 紧随印度 柬埔寨和菲律宾 按那里的 平均收入来源需要工作 740 年 319 年和 142 年才能分别负担起一座豪华住宅 该报告没有具体说明一座 豪华住宅的成本或什么组成了一份 普通工资 You spend lots of time and money shopping online during the past year and somehow you lost track of both 去年 你将大把的时间和金钱都花在了网购上 但对这两笔数字却一无所知 That s why when you received you annual statement from Alipay the Chinese third party online payment platform you probably got a nasty surprise 这就是为何当你收到第三方支付平台 支付宝 的年度账单时 会感到有惊无喜的原因了 The annual statement which shows consumers personal spending and online payment patterns caused a stir when it was released by Alipay on Jan 15 Many micro bloggers shared how much money they spend shopping online mostly on Taobao and how they felt after discovering the extent of their consumption As you may have guessed most of them were shocked by their statement 支付宝于 1 月 15 日发布了个人年度账单 其中贴出了用户的个人开销以及在线支付方式 一张账单随即 引起轰动 微博上人们 其中大部分为 淘宝控 纷纷晒出网购账单以及看到自己消费情况后的感想 正 如你所料 多数人都被自己的账单雷到了 Chen Si 23 a senior in Literature of Film and TV at Shandong University of Arts put a stamp Can t bear to look at it on her statement 山东艺术学院戏剧影视文学专业大四学生 23 岁的陈思 音译 在自己的账单上打上了 无法直视 的标签 Many micro bloggers said they would rather cut their hands off after seeing how every cent of their money was spent online shopping last year I m one of them Chen said 陈思坦言 许多博主表示在看到自己去年的网购账单时都恨不得 剁手 我也是其中之一 Last year Chen spent about 10 000 yuan on Taobao more than 60 percent of online shoppers in the city of Jinan and more than half of her living expenses Chen who didn t buy any expensive items online had no idea where her money went before seeing the statement which labeled her as an upstart of online shopping 去年 陈思的淘宝账单约为 1 万元人民币 超过济南市 60 的网购用户 占她日常开销的一多半 并未网 购过什么昂贵商品物品的陈思在看到自己的账单之前根本不知道钱都花到哪里去了 而她也被贴上了 网 购新贵 的标签 My sttitude to consumption was summarized as economical practical and home loving Chen said It makes sense because I bought lots of things on discount days such as Nov 11 and Dec 12 and I purchased many home products 我的消费态度被总结成 经济 实用 爱家 陈思说 这点倒是说得通 因为我在 双十一 和 双十二 这 种折扣日血拼了很多东西 而且我买了好多家居用品 While many like Chen regret their excessive spending some are making a big deal out of how little they spent Zhu Siwei 25 an accountant from Jinhua Zhejiang province spent a total of 489 yuan last year according to her Alipay statement Since she posted her consumption status on Sina Weibo she s been asked by many fellow micro bloggers how to save money 当许多人同陈思一样为自己的过度消费而后悔不已时 也有人因为花钱少而收到网友追捧 根据一张支付 宝账单显示 来自浙江金华 25 岁的会计朱思微 音译 去年只花了 489 元 她的账单在新浪微博上一经 晒出 网友纷纷向她讨教省钱妙方 If you subtract the 38 7 yuan transfer fee my actual expenditure in 2012 was 450 3 yuan Zhu said I usually get tied up with work and don t have that much time for online shopping I spend most of my money on my personal interests such as reading books and listening to CDs 如果口掉 38 7 元的转账费用的话 我 2012 年的实际支出就只有 450 3 元了 朱思微说 我平时忙于工作 没什么时间网购 我的钱主要花在了一些个人爱好上 比如买书和 CD Whether the numbers are surprisingly high or low Alipay s annual statement is more than just analysis of users different consumption patterns 不管账单上的数字是高是低 是大吃一惊还是喜出望外 支付宝年度账单不仅仅是对用户消费方式的简单 分析 As Ma Yun the CEO of A an online shopping website once said E commerce is not a business mode or technology but a way of life 正如阿里巴巴 CEO 马云所说 电商不是商业模式和技术 而是生活方式 An annual statement reflects a person s consumption habits and lifestyle But it s also a warning that while online shopping provides us with convenience and a refreshing way of living we should be cautious about our consumption especially when it comes to online shopping where money is just a number 年度账单反映出一个人的消费习惯和生活方式 但这同样也是种警告 在网购为我们带来便利与新鲜生活 方式的同时 我们也要谨慎消费 尤其是在网购时 因为在那里 金钱只是个数字 No one wants to grow old before their time But you should ignore the number of candles on your cake Your real age is revealed by how active and supple your mind and body are Towards that end here are seven surprising things that age you 没有人想提前变老 但是你应该忽略你蛋糕上的蜡烛数 你的真实年龄由你心灵和身体的灵活度揭示 为 此这里有让你变老的七件令人惊讶的事情 1 Your pillowcase Obviously getting enough sleep is always a good thing But that pillowcase of yours is a different story Experts say it can take moisture away from your body which in turn can age skin What s worse your pillowcase also can leave wrinkles and fine lines on your face To fight the problem you should buy a silk pillow cover Silk contains amino acids that are very similar to those found in your moisturizers As such they actually don t draw moisture from your face the way other pillowcases can 1 你的枕套 显然 充足的睡眠总是一件好事 但是 你的枕套是另一回事 专家说它能把水分抽离你的身体 从而老 化肌肤 更糟糕的是 你的枕套也可以在你脸上留下皱纹和细纹 应对这一问题 你应该买一个丝质枕套 丝含有氨基酸 非常类似于在你的保湿霜里发现的东西 因此 它们实际上并不从你脸上吸收水分 而其 他枕套可以 2 Smiling You may look nice with a smile on your face but that grin as well as other facial expressions such as squinting actually can create more wrinkles and fine lines Skin loses flexibility as it ages and doesn t have the capacity to spring back into place like it did when you were younger 2 微笑 你脸上带着微笑会看起来很友好 但那笑容 以及其他面部表情如眯眼 实际上会产生更多的皱纹和 细纹 随着年龄增大皮肤失去弹性 无法再回到年轻的时候的状态 3 Central Air And Heating Low humidity environments such as those created by central heating and air conditioning can lead to dry skin And dry skin makes wrinkles more pronounced even though it doesn t actually cause wrinkles Best to warm or cool your body by putting on or taking off layers of clothing rather than turning up the heat or air conditioner 3 中央空调和供暖 低湿度的环境中 例如那些由中央供暖和空调创造的环境会导致皮肤干燥 皮肤干燥使皱纹更明显 尽 管它实际上并不产生皱纹 最好通过加减衣物来使你的身体暖和或凉快 而不是打开暖气或空调 4 Drinking from bottles and through straws It may be hard to believe but yes the puckering process of drinking from a bottle or through a straw just like any repeated muscle motion can lead to fine lines and wrinkles around the mouth Face cream can help But dermatologists tell those who are prone to fine lines and wrinkles around the mouth to avoid straws altogether 4 并通过吸管喝瓶装水 这也许很难相信 但是 是的 从瓶子中喝水或通过一根吸管的曲折过程 就像任何重复的肌肉运动 会导致嘴巴旁边的细纹和皱纹 面霜可以有帮助 但是皮肤科医生告诉那些嘴部容易起细纹和皱纹的人要 完全避免吸管 5 Watching TV After the age of 25 every hour of TV you want shortens your life by 21 8 minutes Really truly Or so says a 2011 study by researchers in Australia Indeed those who watch six or more hours a day of TV apparently live 4 8 years less than those who don t watch TV In the end watching TV may be on par with other risk factors such as obesity 5 看电视 25 岁以后 你每看一小时的电视就会缩短 21 8 分钟的生命 真的 真的 2011 年澳大利亚的研究人员做 的课题中也这样说过 事实上 那些一天看六个小时以上电视的人比那些不看电视的人明显少活 4 8 年 最后 看电视可能也会伴随着其他危险因素如肥胖 6 Sugar No doubt sugar is bad for your waistline but eating sugary foods also can harm the collagen and elastin needed to keep your skin smooth and youthful Experts say you should replace foods high in sugar with low glycemic carbs like whole grains Why Because the body processes them more slowly which limits the loss of collagen and elastin 6 糖 毫无疑问 糖不利于你的腰围 但吃含糖的食物也会损害那些需要来保持皮肤光滑年轻的胶原蛋白和弹性 蛋白 专家说你应该用全谷类的低糖碳水化合物来取代高糖食物 为什么 因为身体消化它们更为缓慢 从而限制了胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白的损失 7 Holding Things In Mad at your bank s customer service representative Keeping that anger inside isn t a good thing Or so say studies that show clamming up makes you four times more likely to die earlier than those who don t bottle things up 7 憋住不放 对你的银行的客服代表很生气吗 将愤怒埋在心里不是一件好事 或者这么说研究表明拒不开口让你早死 的概率是那些不把事情憋在心里的人的四倍 A young Indian woman has spoken out about being married to five husbands all of whom are brothers Rajo Verma 21 lives in one room with the siblings and they sleep on blankets on the floor 一名年轻的印度女性称 她嫁给了兄弟五人 21 岁的拉乔 维尔玛和这些兄弟们住在一起 他们平时都睡 在地上的被子里 The mother of one who sleeps each night with a different brother does not know which of her five related husbands is the father of her 18 month old son 她已经成为了一个孩子的母亲 每天晚上轮流和一个不同的兄弟在一起 而她自己也不知道孩子的父亲到 底是谁 孩子已经有 18 月大了 The set up may seem peculiar but it is tradition in the small village near Dehradun Northern India for women to also marry the brothers of their first husband 这种组合看似独特 但是其实却是北印度德拉敦附近这个小村庄的传统 在那里 女人不仅要嫁给丈夫 还要嫁给她第一个丈夫的兄弟们 She told the Sun Initially it felt a bit awkward But I don t favour one over the other 她在接受英国 太阳报 采访时说 一开始我觉得有点尴尬 不过我并不会特别青睐某个人 Verma and first husband Guddu wed in an arranged Hindu marriage four years ago Since then she has married Baiju 32 Sant Ram 28 Gopal 26 and Dinesh 19 the latest in the line of husbands who married her as soon as he turned 18 4 年前 维尔玛和她的第一位丈夫古都结婚 是传统的印度包办婚姻 之后她相继嫁给了 32 岁的拜诸 28 岁的桑特 26 岁的戈帕尔和 19 岁的迪尼斯 迪尼斯是她丈夫兄弟中最小的一个 迪尼斯一到 18 岁维尔玛 就嫁给了她 We all have sex with her but I m not jealous first husband Guddu who remains the only official spouse said We re one big happy family 我们和她都会发生性关系 不过我不会感到妒忌 我们是一个大家庭 第一任丈夫古都说 一直到现在 为止 古都还是她唯一官方的配偶 The ancient Hindu tradition of polyandry was once widely practised in India but is now only observed by a minority 古印度一妻多夫的传统曾经在印度非常普遍 不过现在只有一少部分人还这样做 It sees a woman take more than one husband typically in areas which are male dominated In fraternal polyandry the woman is expected to marry each of her original husband s brothers 遵从这种传统 一个女人要嫁给几个丈夫 在以男性为主导的地方更是如此 在一妻多夫制的情况下 女 人一般也会嫁给她原本丈夫的兄弟 It is thought to have arisen from the popular Sanskrit epic of Mahabharatha which sees Draupadi daughter of the King of Pancha being married to five brothers The practice is also believed to be a way of keeping farming land in the family 这种传统的起源据说是梵文史诗 摩诃婆罗多 在史诗中 国王旁遮的女儿就嫁给了五兄弟 人们认为 这种传统也能保证家中的耕地不至于四分五裂 Verma said she knew she was expected to accept all of her husbands as her own mother had also been married to three brothers 维尔玛说 她原先就知道她要接受丈夫的所有兄弟们了 她自己的母亲也嫁给了三兄弟 She said they sleep together in turn but that they do not have beds just lots of blankets on the floor She added I get a lot more attention and love than most wives 她说他们轮流睡在一起 不过他们没有床 只有 地上的一堆被子 她又补充道 我比起大多数妻子来说 能得到更多的关注和爱 It is a battle that has divided East and West for centuries Are chopsticks superior to the knife and fork Now the debate may finally be decided on environmental grounds 筷子好用还是刀叉好用 这是几个世纪以来东方和西方一直有争议的一个话题 而现在从环保角度出发 这场旷日持久的辩论似乎终于可以尘埃落定了 With 1 4 billion people ploughing through 80 billion pairs of throwaway chopsticks each year China has admitted its forests can no longer provide enough cutlery for its dinner tables 每天 14 亿的中国人会使用到 800 亿双一次性筷子 中国也承认因为本国的森林资源已经无法为人们的餐 桌提供足够的筷子了 We must change our consumption habits and encourage people to carry their own tableware said Bo Guangxin the chairman of Jilin Forestry Industry Group to his fellow delegates at the National People s Congress 吉林森林工业集团的董事长柏广新日前在两会期间建议 我们应该改变消费习惯 鼓励人们出门吃饭时 也自己带餐具 Pointing out that only 4 000 chopsticks can be carved from a 20 year old tree he even went so far as to suggest that restaurants offered metal knives and forks instead If Mr Bo s suggestion is widely adopted it would be a dark moment in the chopstick s 4 000 year history 他指出 一颗 20 年树龄的树木只能生产出 4000 双筷子 他甚至还建议 餐馆应该直接使用金属制的刀叉 代替筷子 如果柏广新的建议被广泛采用 中国 4000 多年的筷子历史可能就会遭遇 黑暗时刻 It was Da Yu the founder of the Xia dynasty who is said to have first used two sticks to eat his food in roughly 2100 BC 筷子的起源大约在公元前 2100 年 夏朝的开国之君大禹据说是第一个使用两只棍子来吃饭的人 It was an invention born of urgency In his rush to reach a flood zone Da Yu did not want to wait for his meat in his wok to cool instead seizing a pair of twigs and wolfing down his meal 筷子的诞生是因为时间紧迫 当时大禹赶着去治水 没时间等自己的食物凉下来 就直接拿起两根小细枝 狼吞虎咽吃完了饭 Chopsticks quickly became popular around Asia However Chinese chopsticks are longer than their Korean and Japanese counterparts in order to reach the communal dishes in the centre of the table Koreans also often use metal chopsticks because of their love of barbecue 筷子很快在亚洲地区流行起来 不过中国人使用的筷子比韩国人和日本人使用的要长 因为需要夹到桌子 中间的公菜 韩国人因为爱吃烧烤 所以也经常使用金属制的筷子 The fork meanwhile is said to have been invented by the Romans but did not become common in northern Europe until the 18th century 而叉子则据说是由罗马人发明的 直到 18 实际才在北欧地区常用起来 Today however China is chopping down 20 million mature trees a year to feed its disposable chopstick habit according to Mr Bo 而根据柏广新的说法 如今中国每年要砍掉 2000 万颗成熟树木 来满足人们使用一次性筷子的习惯 Nor can China find enough wood in its own forests China is now the world s largest importer of wood and even imports chopsticks from America where a company in Georgia realised that the state s native gum wood would be perfectly suited to make the utensil 而中国的森林里如今已经没有足够的木材来供应这样的需求 中国现在是世界上最大的木材进口国 甚至 还需要从美国进口筷子 乔治亚州的一家公司表示 当地的原声胶木材很适合制成筷子 A previous estimate from China s state forestry administration based on statistics from 2004 to 2009 put the yearly total at 57 billion disposable chopsticks a much lower sum 基于 2004 年到 2009 年的数据 中国国家林业局此前作出估计 中国每年的一次性筷子消费可能会达到 570 亿双 这个数据比实际数据要低得多 Forget the Federal Reserve Forget the European Central Bank The institution whose decisions will matter most to the world economy over the next five years is China s State Council 忘记美联储 Federal Reserve 忘记欧洲央行 European Central Bank 未来五年 对世界经济影响最大的决 定将来自中国国务院 The 30 or so officials that the National People s Congress will this month name as new five year members of that powerful cabinet body will oversee a sweeping economic transformation with global consequences How smoothly they manage China s planned transition from an unsustainable growth model that s been based on exports and state directed investment toward an open consumer driven economy will have vast implications for the rest of the world Prices for everything from European government bonds to iron ore are on the line How it transpires will even dictate whether and when the Fed and the ECB can normalize their extraordinary monetary easing policies 中国的全国人民代表大会本月将任命大约 30 名官员进入这个拥有很大权力的内阁机构 开始他们为期五 年的任期 这些官员将负责会在全球造成影响的全面经济转型 他们将实施中国的经济转型规划 改变依 赖出口和政府主导的投资的不可持续增长模式 转向开放的消费者驱动型经济 这一过程是否顺利将会对 世界其他地区产生深远的影响 从欧洲各国政府债券到铁矿石 一切资产的价格都会受到影响 这次转型 的过程甚至将决定美联储和欧洲央行能否让他们不同寻常的货币宽松政策正常化 So far developments just before and during the NPC s two week long annual meeting suggest the council will continue a policy of incremental liberalization Those changes are in the best interests of a more balanced global economy but only so far as the economic pain that they deliver to key industries within and outside China is manageable Tens of millions of jobs are on the line 到目前为止 全国人大为期两周的会议之前和会议期间的进展显示 国务院将会继续实施渐进式自由化的 政策 这些改革最有利于实现更加平衡的全球经济 但前提是它们为中国内外的关键产业带来的经济痛苦 是可控的 这种改革危及数千万个工作岗位 On March 1 curbs on property loans were announced and this week we learned that mainland dwelling residents of Macau and Hong Kong can now invest in the stock market In different ways in the first case by attacking a looming credit bubble and in the second by bolstering capital markets as an alternative to banks and increasing cross border fund flows these measures chip away at the structure of a tightly managed financial system through which state controlled banks have funneled Chinese households excess savings into subsidized loans for massive investment projects 3 月 1 日 对购房贷款的限制措施出台 本周 我们了解到居住