6不定式及练习(中考英语语法及练习题).doc

不定式不定式就是：“ to+动词原形”（to do）1 通常动词后面都可以用不定式，常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。2 Its + 形容词 + for / of + sb + to do sth. 当上面的形容词指的是to do sth的性质时，用介词for。 Its dangerous for children to swim in the river. 孩子在这条河里游泳很危险。（游泳这件事情危险） 当上面的形容词指的是sb的性质时，用介词of。这些形容词往往修饰人：good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, nice, clever, right, wrong, careful, careless It was careless of you to do that. 你这么做真粗心。（你这个人粗心） Its very kind of you to help me. 你这个人真好，帮助了我。3. 区别下列词组的不同含义: like to do sth like doing sth stop to do sth stop doing sth remember to do sth remember doing sth forget to do sth forget doing sth不定式省to有四种情况：1使役动词 let,have,make 等后接不定式。例：Let him go! 让他走! 2would rather，had better后。例：You had better stay at home.你最好呆在家里。 3Why. / why not.后。例：Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢? 4感官动词 see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell,feel, find 等后作宾补，省to。如：I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。注意：这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to 哟！ 例：The boss made them work the whole night. 变成被动句：They were made to work the whole night.不定式的特殊用法：1. It与不定式：动词不定式可以做主语，但如果动词不定式太长，显得头重脚轻的，那么我们就可用形式主语it代替，而把真正主语(即不定式)放于句尾。如: It is not difficult for me to study English well.(对我来说学好英语是可能的。)2. 不定式还可以充当句子的宾语，但有些动词，如find，think，believe 等，在语法上不能接受不定式作宾语，只有用it作形式宾语，从而把动词不定式置于句尾。这样的不定式可继续充当其宾语的作用。 例: I found it difficult to fall asleep.我发现很难入睡。3. 还有一点：动词不定式，还可用在how，when，where，what，which 等疑问代词或副词之后，与其共同作宾语。如：I dont know how to use a computer.我不知道怎样使用电脑。4. too.to.和enough.to：1)too.to表达太 . 一致于不能.。 The box is too heavy for me to lift. 这个箱子太沉了，我提不动。2)enough . to 表达 足以.。这两个词组的用法用两个例子就可以说清楚了。 He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。也就是说：他的年龄足够上学了。练习： 1. Tell him _ the window. A. to close not B. not to close C. to not close D. not close 2. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 3. Youd better _the story in Japanese. A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk 4. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 5. - I usually go there by train. - Why not _ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 6. There are some books on the floor, would you like _? A. to pick them up B. to pick up them C. pick it up D. pick up it 7. She is very ill, lets _a doctor at once. A. to wake up B. send for C. to pay for D. pay for 8. I want _a teacher when I grow up. A. to be B. to C. be D. being 9. Its cold here. Youd better _ your coat. A. not take out B. not to take down C. not take off D. not to take away 10. My mother told me _more water. A. drinking B. drank C. to drink D. drink 实战： 1. Youd better _read in the sun. A. not to B. not C. dont D. to 2. You arent a new driver, are you? _. A. No, I am B. Yes, Im not C. No, you are D. Yes, I am 3. Must I stay here now?_. A. No, you mustnt B. No, you neednt C. Yes, you can D. Yes, you may 4. There is _ s in the word bus. A. a B. an C. the D. / 5. Neithere of us _a doctor. A. is B. isnt C. are D. arent 6. Who was the first in the girls_race? A. 400 metre B. 400-metre C. 400 metres D. 400-metres 7. Its too noisy here, I cant _. A. go to sleep B. fall to sleep C. sleeping D. get to sleep 8. The story happened _ the evening of October 20, 1995. A. at B. on C. in D. to 9. Could I speak to Mr Gao, please? _. He has gone to the hospital. A. I think so B. Certainly, you can C. Im afraid not D. Im not sure 10. Im sorry to trouble you, Miss Hu. _. A. Fine, thank you. B. All right. C. Its very kind of you . D. It doesnt matter. 11. Can you tell me where_? A. is the post office B. the post office is C. does the post office D. the post office does 12. In England, the first name is _name, but in China, the first name is _ name. A. family, given B. given, family C. family, family D. given, given 13. Li Ping met an old friend of _ on a train yesterday. A. he B. him C. his D. her 14. Kate is _ girl. A. a eighteen-year-old B. a eighteen-years-old C. an eighteen -years-old D. an eighteen-year-old 15. Our city is getting _. A. beautiful and beautiful B. beautifuler and beautifuler C. more and more beautiful D. more beautifler and more beautifuler选择1. Dont forget _ the letter.A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _.A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 3. Is _ necessary to return the book tomorrow?A. this B. that C. it D. which4. Im afraid they would not allow him _ here.A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke5. Mother told me _ the water before I drank it.A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil6. On my way home, I stopped _ some food.A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought7. John was made _ the car for a week as a punishment.A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing8. The sitting-room needs _, but itll have to wait until Saturday.A. be cleaning B. to be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned9. The first thing I want to do is _.A. visit to him B. to visit him C. visiting him D. visited him10. Li Yang advised me _ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk.A. not to drink B. to drink C. not drinking D. drinking根据括号内的动词,用适当的形式填空,空内可能不只填一个词,使句子完整意思正确 1. They usually _ kites on Sundays. (fly) 2. Look! The dogs _ after the cat. (run) 3. Miss Gao _ English in our school since she came here. (teach) 4. The class meeting _ last Wednesday afternoon. (hold) 5. You should let him _ the work by himself. (finish) 6. Meimei _ to wash the old womans clothes twice every week. (go) 7. Mr Jiang _ us Chinese last term. (teach) 8. My father _ back from Japan tomorrow. (come) 9. Its seven oclock now. Th