初一英语下册知识点总结.doc

1.1. U1 Can you play the guitar?2. play+棋类/体育活动3. play chess/ play soccer4. play+the+乐器(instrument)5. play the piano/violin/drums/guitar/6. speak 讲（侧重开口发声）a) speak+语言7. （Chinese/French/Japanese）8. say sth.in+语言a) speak to sb.对某人讲i. May I speak to Lucy?b) speak 可以单独在句子中使用 9. I will speak at the meeting. 10. 我将在会议中发言。11. The kid cant speak. 12. 那小孩不会说话。13. say 说（强调说的内容）a) say to sb.对某人说b) sb. said:./sb.said.14. talk 交谈、谈论15. talk to sb.(单方说话) 16. talk with sb.（双方交谈） 17. talk about sth. 谈论某事18. tell 告诉 19. tell the truth 讲事实 20. tell a joke/jokes 讲笑话21. tell a story/stories讲故事22. tell sb. sth./tell sth. to sb23. .告诉某人某事24. tell sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某事 25. tell sb.(not) to do sth.26. 告诉某人（不）去做某事27. want 想要v. 28. want sth. want to do sth.29. want sb.(not) to do sth.30. How /What about sth.? 31. How /What about doing sth.?32. be good at sth./doing a) do well in sth./doing 擅长做某事33. be weak in sth. / doing 34. 不擅长做某事、在某方面薄弱35. be good for sth./doing. 对有益36. be bad for sth./doing对有害37. be good/friendly to对友好 38. be good with/get on well with39. 对有办法、与相处得好、善于打交道40. sound 听起来v. 声音n.41. That sounds good. 42. That sounds like a good idea.43. sound 万物的声音 voice人的声音 noise 噪音44. Teachers Wanted 招聘教师45. Cooks Wanted 厨师招聘 46. Musicians Wanted 招聘音乐人47. show 演出n. 展示v48. school show学校演出49. talk show 脱口秀50. talent show 才艺演出51. flower show 花展52. show sb.sth. show sth.to sb. 53. school concert学校音乐会54. also、too、either、as well 也55. also 肯定句 实义动词前，be动词、助动词、情态动词后 句末，前有逗号56. too 肯定句、疑问句句末。前有逗号 57. as well 句末，无逗号58. either 否定句，句末，前有逗号隔开59. help 帮助 ucn. v.60. ask for some help 寻求帮助61. need help 需要帮助62. help with sth.帮着做某事 63. help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事64. help sb.with sth./doing帮助某人某事65. home、family、house66. free adj.免费的、自由的、空闲的67. Do you have time?/ Are you free?68. English-speaking69. countries/students70. 讲英语的国家/学生71. spoken English 英语口语72. at the old peoples home 73. 在老人之家74. on the weekend 在周末a) on weekends在每个周末75. need76. teach sb. sth. / sth. to sb.77. call sb. at.78. music musician magic magician79. school music festival 学校音乐节80. do Kung fo 打中国功夫81. be busy with sth. / doing sthi. 忙于某事/做某事82. or 或者、否则、和（否定句）83. music/English/art/chess/swimming84. /sports/story telling club85. make friends 86. Unit 2 What time do you go to school? 87. 短语归纳88. 1. what time 几点 2. go to school 去上学 3. get up 起床89. 4. take a shower 洗淋浴 5. brush teeth 刷牙 6. get to 到达 90. 7. do homework 做家庭作业 8. go to work 去上班 9. go home 回家 10. eat reakfast 吃早饭 11. get dressed 穿上衣服 12. get home 到家 13. eitheror 要么要么 14. go to bed 上床睡觉 91. 15. in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上92. 16. take a walk 散步 17. lots of=a lot of 许多，大量 93. 18. radio station 广播电台 19. at night 在晚上 20. be late for=arrive late for 迟到94. 用法集萃1. at + 具体时间点 在几点（几分） 2. eat breakfast/ lunch/dinner吃早饭/午饭/晚饭3. thirtyhalf past +基数词 点半 4. fifteena quarter to +基数词 差一刻到点5. take a/an +名词 从事活动6. from to 从到 7. need to do sth 需要做某事1. 典句必背95. 1. What time do you usually get up? I usually get up at six thirty.96. 2. Thats a funny time for breakfast. 97. 3. When do students usually eat dinner? a) They usually eat dinner at a quarter to seven in the evening.98. 4. In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games.99. 5. At twelve, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch.100. 6. She knows its not good for her, but it tastes good. 101. 7. Here are your clothes. 102. 句式精讲1. What time do you usually get up?b) 这是一个用来询问什么时间做某事的常用句型，意思是“你几点起床？”。它的句式是“Whattime助动词do/does主语谓语动词原形其他？”。当主语是三单时用does，其余人称用do。它经常用来询问具体的点钟，相当于对划线部分（表示具体时间的状语）提问。b) 例如：c) I usually have lunch at 12:00. （对划线部分提问）d) 我通常在12点吃午饭。e) What time do you usually have lunch?f) 你通常什么时间吃午饭？g) What time does Rick eat breakfast? 里克 什么时候吃早餐？h) He eats breakfast at seven oclock. 他七点吃早餐。i) 2）短语what time的意思是“几点”，它和when是同义词，都是对时间进行提问，但what time所 问的时间范围比较小，一般用来提问比较精确的时间，回答的时候一般具体到几点。而when所问的时间范围比what time要大，回答的时候可以用几点钟，也可以是上午或者下午，甚至是哪一天、哪一年。j) 例如：k) What time/When do you usually get up? 你通常什么时间起床？l) I usually get up at seven oclock. 我通常七点起床。m) When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？n) Its May 10. 是5月10日。o) 3）询问时间还可以用句型：p) Whats the time now? = What time is it by your watch? Whats the time by your watch?（你的表） 现在几点了？q) 回答别人询问几点可以用句型：“Itis时间.”。r) 例如：Its six. 现在六点了。103. 2. I usually get up at six thirty.a) 这个句型主要用来回答“What time /When”句型的提问。在回答做某事的具体时间时，要注意英语时间的表达法。英语时间的表达法主要有以下几种情况：a) 如果时间在整点可以用“整点数字oclock”这种形式表达，有时候可以不用oclock。b) 例如：Its eight (oclock) now. 现在八点了。c) 2）如果是几点几分，分钟不超过半个小时（包括半小时），可以直接用数字表示。d) 例如：6:11 six eleven （6点11分）e) 也可以用介词past表示，past的前面是分钟，past的后面是钟点数，表示几点过了几分的意思。f) 例如；6:11 eleven past six （六点11分）g) 如果是15分钟可以用a quarter。h) 例如：7:15 a quarter past seven （七点一刻）i) 如果是30分钟可以用half。j) 例如：6:30 half past six （六点半）k) 3）如果是几点几分，分钟超过半小时，可以用介词to，to的前面是分钟（是差几分到下一点的分钟数字），to的后面是下一个点的数字。l) 例如：m) 6:58 two to seven （7点差2分）n) 6:45 a quarter to seven (七点差一刻)104. 3. eitherora) 1）“eitheror” 意为“要么要么；或者或者；不是就是”，用来连接两个并列的词、短语或者句子1. 三单元105. Im not sure. 106. 我不很肯定。（我不大有把握）107. 关于subway, subway train 和subway station.108. 美国：地铁subway take the subway或go by subway109. 英国：地铁 the underground 地下通道suyway110. Im on a subway train. Ill call you later.111. 我在地铁上呢，我回头给你打电话。112. It takes him about five minutes to walk to the subway station from his home.113. 他从家走到地铁站约用5分钟的时间。114. Lisa: How long does it take you to get to school? 115. Jane: About 15 minutes by bike.116. 莉萨：你到学校要用多少时间？ 117. 简：骑自行车大约15分钟。118. So these students go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.119. 所以这些学生靠滑铁索来过河上学。120. There is no bridge and the river runs too quickly for boats.121. （河上）完全没有桥梁，而且河水湍急，不宜小船摆渡工。122. One 11-year-old boy, Liangliang, crosses the river every school day. 123. 亮亮，一个11岁男孩，每天过河上学。124. The bus ride is never boring because 125. 坐公交车从来不会无聊，因为126. Unit 4 Dont eat in class127. 知识点讲解i. 重点词组及短语： 128. school rules 学校规章制度 129. break（fallow/keep）the rules 违反(遵守)规章制度 130. arrive late for class = be late for class 上课迟到 131. dining hall饭厅，餐厅132. in class 在课堂上 133. on time准时（in time及时）134. eat in the classroom 在教室里吃东西 135. 8. wear a hat (hats) 戴帽子 136. 9. listen to 听 137. make (ones) bed铺床 138. go to bed去睡觉（be in bed 在床上）139. think about (sb/sth/doing sth)考虑（某人/某物/做某事）140. be strict (with sb)对某人）要求严格 141. learn to do sth学（做某事） 142. Dont talk. = No talking.不要说话。 143. 二、知识点解析 1. Dont fight.不要打架。144. fight作动词，意为“打架、打仗”。其过去式为fought.i. fight for“为而斗争”，后面常接抽象名词，表示为事业、自由等而斗争。145. Eg:They are fighting for freedom.他们正为自由而战。146. fight against“为反对而战斗”，后接事物名词、人和国家名词。147. Eg: They fought against the enemy.他们和敌人作战。i. fight with“和打架”，“同（并肩）战斗”，后只接表示人或国家的名词。148. Eg:Dont fight with him.不要和他打架。149. 【典型例题】150. They fought _the Italians in the last war,but_them in this war.151. A. with; with B. with;for C. against ; against D.with; against152. 2.Ms./Mrs./Miss.i. Ms.：“女士”，用于婚姻状况不明或不想区分婚否的女子的姓前。153. Mrs.：“夫人”，用于已婚女子姓前。a) Madam:也用于已婚女子，意为“夫人、女士”，一般单独使用，不与姓连用i. Miss.：“小姐”用于未婚女子姓前，还常用于年轻的女教师的姓前，可译为“老师”。154. 3. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 155. 相同点：都是“到达“的意思156. 不同点：get to+地点；reach+地点1. arrive at+小地点（车站等）；arrive in+大地点（国家等）157. 注意：158. get to与地点副词（here/there/home）不用介词to159. Eg:I want to go to Beijing.160. I got home at 15:00.我下午三点到的家。i. arrive是不及物动词，后面若接地点名词则要和in/at连用，接地点副词时则不用介词。161. Eg: I arrived home at 15:00. =I got home at 15:00.162. He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.他昨天到的上海。163. He arrived yesterday.他昨天到的。164. reach是及物动词，后面直接接地点名词或副词。165. Eg:When will they reach here?166. 【典型例题】167. -What time did the team_the top of the mountain?168. -At about 4:30 p.m.169. A.come B.go C.arrive D.arrive at170. 4. on time“准时，按时”，指按规定的时刻不早不晚。171. Eg:He always go to school on time.他总是按时上学。172. in time“及时”，指没有迟到，时间还充裕。173. Eg:Fireman reached the house on fire in time.消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子。174. 5.hear、listen和sound175. 都有听的意思，但三者是有区别的： 176. hear听说侧重于听的内容。 177. Eg:Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了我很难过。 178. I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。 i. listen听侧重于听这一动作。179. Eg:Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。 180. The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。 181. sound听起来它是系动词后面接形容词等。182. Eg:That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。 183. It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。184. 【典型例题】185. _carefully,or you are not able to_anything. (be able to do sth能够做)186. A.Hear;listen B.Listen;hear C.Hear;listen D.Listen;listen187. 6.辨析take,bring188. take“带走，拿走”指把东西从说话地带到别的地方。189. Eg:Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?你能帮我把这些书带到教室里去吗？i. bring“带来”指把东西从别处带到说话地。190. Eg:Bring your homework here tomorrow,please.请你明天把作业带到这儿来。191. 【典型例题】192. Unit5 Why do you like pandas?193. 知识要点 194. likea lot 非常喜欢 black and white 黑白相间 all day整天195. Lets do= let us do 让我们做 kind of 有点儿，稍微 196. South Africa南非be from/come from 来自于 197. save the elephants救助大象 one of其中之一198. a symbol of good luck好运的象征 get lost迷路 cut down 砍倒199. for a long time 很长时间 in great danger处于（极大）危险之中 200. things be made of ivory由象牙制成的东西 201. places with food and water有食物和水的地方202. 常用短语：203. see the pandas 看熊猫204. my favorite animals我最喜欢的动物205. welcome to sp 欢迎来某地206. welcome back to sp 欢迎回到某地207. be from 来自208. come from来自209. in the zoo 在动物园里210. on the farm 在农场里211. my new pet 我的新宠物212. walk on two legs 用两条腿走213. kind of有点214. kind of interesting有点有趣215. a little有点216. a little boring有点无聊217. a kind of一种218. all kinds of 各种各样的219. all day整天220. a good name for sb对某人是一个好名字221. South Africa南非222. South China华南223. South America南美洲224. America, the USA美国225. the UK ,England英国226. the South Pole南极227. what animals什么动物228. save the elephants挽救大象229. one of +n复数 。之一230. the first lesson=Lesson One第一课231. clever聪明的，机灵的232. cute聪明的，可爱的233. smart聪明的，顽皮的234. bright聪明的，伶俐的235. an ugly face一张丑陋的脸236. be friendly to对某人友好237. be friendly with和某人关系好238. be kind to sb对某人善良、好239. be good to sb对某人好240. the other people=the others其他的人241. many other animals许多其他的动物242. three other men另外三个男人243. another three men另外三个男人244. three more men另外三个男人245. else其他的，它放在疑问代词和不定代词后246. other其他的，它放在名词前247. eat grass吃草248. go to sleep 睡着，入睡249. go to bed上床睡觉250. every day每天251. everyday日常的252. a symbol of good luck好的幸运标志、象征253. forget to do sth忘记要做某事254. forget doing sth 忘记做过某事255. walk for a long time走很长时间256. be/get lost迷路257. never get lost从不迷路258. places with food and water带有食物和水的地方259. be in (great) danger在危险中260. cut down砍倒261. cut into pieces切成碎片262. cut off切断263. killfor为。杀。264. be made of由。制成的265. Thai Elephant Day泰国大象节266. Why dont you do sth?你为什么不做某事？267. Why not do sth ?为什么不做某事？268. Lets do sth.让我们做某事吧。269. Shall we do sth ?我们做某事好吗？270. What about doing sth ?做某事怎样？271. How about doing sth ?做某事怎样？272. What kind of animals do you like？你喜欢哪种动物？273. I like pandas.我喜欢熊猫274. Why do you like pandas ?你为什么喜欢熊猫？275. Because they are very cute .因为他们很可爱。276. Where are they from ?他们来自哪里？277. Where do they come from ?他们来自哪里？278. They are from China .他们来自中国。279. They come from China .他们来自中国。280. Why do you want to see them ? 你们为什么想要看他们那？281. I like koalas because theyre very smart.我喜欢考拉因为他们很顽皮。282. I dont like tigers because theyre really scary.我不喜欢老虎因为他们真的很可怕。 283. 语法要点：1. 语法点：祈使句是表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。284. 结构： 1）be+形容词/名词：Be quiet! Be a good student!285. 肯定形式： 2）以实义动词开头：Come in,please！a) 3）Let型: Let me help you. b) be型： Dont be careless！286. 否定形式： Never be late again next time！a) do型： Dont believe him！i. Never do it again！b) let型： Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他：Lets not think about it.i. Dont+let+宾语+动词原形+其他：Dont let Jim do that.287. 在公共场所中的提示语，否定祈使句常用“No+名词/V-ing形式”，表示“禁止做某事”。i. No photos！禁止拍照ii. No parking！禁止停车288. 2：kind of：有点儿 Im kind of hungry.a) a kind of：一种（类）all kinds of：各种各样的b) many different kinds of：许多不同种类的1. family：集合名词，是单数还是复数看意思。 表示“家庭”整体的时候，做主语，谓语用单数；表示“家庭成员”时，做主语，谓语用复数。c) House：指居住的建筑物d) Home：指家庭成员所居住的环境或与房屋有关的“家”。1. Why dont you+动词原形：为什么不e) 交际语中常见的结构，常用来提建议和请求，或征询对方的看法和意见。相当于Why not+动词原形。 289. Eg：Why dont we meet earlier？=Why not meet earlier？a) 肯定回答：OK!All right./Good idea./Yes，I think so.b) 否定回答：Sorry，I/Im afraid not.290. 表示建议的句型：How/What about 怎么样1. You should do你应2. Lets do 让我们3. Shall we do？我们好吗？4. Will you please do?可以请你吗？5. Would you like to do？你愿意吗？291. 5、all night：整夜 all morning：整个上午 all the year：全年292. 6、save：救助；节省293. save ones life/save sth for sb为某人节省某物/294. save money：攒钱/save water节约用水295. one of+名词的复数形式，作主语时谓语用单数：one of my friends is going to travel to New York. a) Two of：中的两个Some of：中的一些b) Many of：中的许多All of：中的全部296. symbol是一个名词，意为“象征，标记”。常用短语a/the symbol of.表示象征.。297. e.g .The dove is /the symbol of the peace. 白鸽是和平的象征。298. danger 是一个名词，意为危险,常用短语 be in danger意为遇险.a) danger前可用great修饰，表示“巨大的”.be in great danger 意为面临巨大的危险e.g.： The boy can be in great danger. 那个男孩会面临巨大的危险。299. 注意：在英语中用because 不用so，或用so不用because 如：300. Because English is very interesting, I like it. 301. Because English is very interesting, so I like it. ( )302. 3）want sth 想要某物 303. 我想要一件蓝色毛衣。I want a blue sweater.304. want to do sth . 想要做某事 305. 她想先看大象：She want to look the elephants first.306. want sb to do sth. 想要某做某事 307. 我父母想要要我帮助他们。My parents want me to them.308. 语法焦点：309. 原因：310. -Why do you like pandas? -Because theyre kind of interesting. 311. -Why does John like koalas? - Because theyre very cute312. Why dont you like tigers? -Because theyre really scary.313. 地点：a) -Where are lions from? -Theyre from South Africa.314. Unit 6 必背词组与句子315. Talking on the phone 打电话316. Talking with/to sb 和某人谈话317. Listening to a CD听CD318. Using the computer使用计算机319. Making soup做汤320. Washing the dishes = do the dishes 洗碗321. What about怎么样322. Go to the movies去看电影323. Join me for dinner和我一起吃晚餐324. At home在家325. Eat out外出吃饭326. Meet at my home first首先在我家见面327. See you then再见328. At half past six六点半329. At the pool在游泳池330. At the library在图书馆331. At school在学校332. At the supermarket在超市333. Host family主人的家334. Watch boat races看龙舟赛335. The United States of America美国336. Live with sb和某人生活在一起337. An American family in New York 纽约的一个美国家庭338. The night before the festival节日前夜339. Any other night任何其他夜晚340. Young children小孩子341. Soccer games足球赛342. A picture of my family我的一张家庭照片343. In the living room在起居室344. Talk show谈话节目345. TV show电视节目346. Radio show收音机节目347. Kind of boring有点乏味348. Make zongzi做粽子349. Make dinner= cook dinner 做晚餐350. Go boating/ swimming/ fishing/ shopping去划船、去游泳、去钓鱼、去购物351. Do some washing/ shopping/reading/cooking洗衣、购物、阅读、做饭352. 必背句子353. 电话用语：354. This is Jenny. 我是Jenny.355. Its Laura here.我是Laura.356. Is Alice there?你是Alice。357. This is here sister, Julie.我是Julie的姐姐358. Is that Jenny speaking?你是Jenny吗？359. 普通句子：360. What are you doing?你在做什么？361. Whats she doing?她在做什么？362. Is she reading a newspaper?她在读报纸吗？363. Shes still at school.她依然在学校364. That sounds good.听起来很好365. Do you want to go to the movies?你想去看电影吗？366. My TV show is also not very interesting.我的电视节目也不是很有趣367. Here is a picture of my family.这是我的一张家庭照片368. Hes studying for a test.他正在为一次考试而学习369. I think I can play soccer with you.我想我可以和你一起踢足球370. Todays story is story about Zhu Hui, a student from Shenzhen.今天的故事是关于朱辉，一个来自于深圳的学生的。371. Hes now studying in the United States.他现在正在美国学习372. Zhu Huis family are at home.朱辉的家人在家373. Is Zhu Hui watching the races and eating zongzi?朱辉正在看比赛和吃粽子吗？374. Its the night before the festival.这是节日的前夜375. Its like any other night for Zhu Hui and his host family.对于朱辉和他的主人的家来主人的家来说，就象其他任何夜晚一样。376. The mother is reading a story to her young children.这位妈妈正给她的小孩子读故事。377. Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his moms delicious zongzi.朱辉思念他的家人，并且希望吃妈妈做的美味的粽子378. What time is it in New York?纽约现在是几点？379. Hes living with an American family in New York.他和纽约的一个美女国家庭生活在一起。380. See you tomorrow evening.明天晚上见381. Im just washing my clothes.我恰好在洗我的衣服。382. Do you want to join me for dinner?你愿意和我一起共进晚餐吗？383. Unit 7 Its raining384. at/in the park 在公园里sound like 听起来be at home = be in 在家385. call sb. back 给某人回电话no problem 没问题386. take a message for sb. 帮某人捎个话 not too bad 不太坏387. right now 现在 visit my old friends 看望我的老朋友388. in Canada 在加拿大in Europe在欧洲visit our school 参观我们学校389. summer school 暑期班learn a lot 学了很多summer/winter vacation 暑假/寒假390. sit by the pool 坐在泳池旁边 drink orange juice 喝橙汁391. see you soon/next month回头见/下个月见392. study hard 努力学习climb mountains 爬山393. be on a vacation = take a vacation 在度假394. play in the snow 在雪地里玩skate on a river在河上滑冰395. just right for walking正适合走路396. write to sb. 给某人写信take photos 照相，拍照397. take a photo of sb./sth. 给某人/某物拍照398. make a snowman 堆雪人in the rainy weather = on a rainy day 在下雨天399. have a good/great time = have fun 玩得开心400. tell /ask sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉/要求某人(不要)做