高中英语虚拟语气语法公开课课件必修五.ppt

subjunctivemood虚拟语气 1 英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气 见课本p87页 2 定义 用来表示说的话不是事实 或者是不可能发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议 假设的语气叫虚拟语气 一 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 条件从句 if从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 虚拟现在 虚拟过去 虚拟未来 were v ed had p p would could should might v 原 would could should might have p p 1 were v ed2 should v 原 3 wereto v 原 would could should might v 原 1 ifihadamilliondollars iwouldbuyenoughhousesforhomeless 2 ifiwereyou iwouldgiveaidspatientahug 3 ifihadtakenyouradvice iwouldn thavemadeamistake 4 ifyouhadcomeearlier youmighthavecaughtthetrain 5 ifitshouldraintomorrow theywouldn tgoforanouting 6 ithinkwecoulddoit ifweplaneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools 7 ifthesunweretoriseinthewest iwouldmarryhim 二 虚拟语气特殊句型 wish的宾语从句 现在 过去 未来 过去时 were v ed 过去完成时 had p p would could might v should iwishiwereabird 现在 iwishihadbeeninhongkonglastyear 过去 wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus 未来 2 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 1 iwouldratheryoupaidmenow 现在 2 iwouldratheryouhadgone too 过去 3 don tcometoday iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 未来 过去时 过去时 过去完成时 3 asif though clause 现在 过去 过去时 过去完成时 helookedexcitedasif thoughhehadgotafirstplaceintheexam theytalkedasif thoughtheyhadbeenfriendsforyears shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson itseemsasif thoughitweresummer hespeaksasif thoughhewereaheadmaster 4 it s about high time that should v 过去时 你该走了 我们该去睡觉了 it shightimethatyouwent it shightimethatyouweregoing it shightimethatyoushouldgo it stimethatwewenttobed it stimethatweshouldgotobed 5 表示坚持 命令 建议 要求的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 常见动词 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求 即1 insist2 order command3 advise suggest propose4 demand require request desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 翻译练习 1 我们建议tom去休息一下 2 他坚决要求我到场 3 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑 4 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作 1 wesuggestedthattomhavearest 2 heinsistedthati should bepresent 3 thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday 4 theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句 表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气 从句中的动词形式一样 order advice suggestion proposal demand plan request desire等 it ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown 6 without和butfor构成含蓄虚拟条件句 withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday butforyourhelp iwouldn thavefinishedthework butfor要不是 withoutyourhelp iwouldhavefailed butforwater itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert 7 ifonly 要是就好了ifonlyiknewhisname ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice ifonlyicouldseehimagain 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了 要是我没错过火车就好了 ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus ifonlyihadn tmissedthetrain 8 it snecessary strange natural important that clause从句中的动词要用虚拟 即 should 动词原形 itisimportantthatwe should masteraforeignlanguage itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty it snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard 9 某些简单句的固定句型 heavenhelphim godblessyou mayyousucceed longlivethepeople srepublicofchina mayyouhavealongandhappylife 三 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点 1 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致 叫做错综条件虚拟语气 主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶 iftheweatherhadbeenfiner thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher sadvice youwouldn tbeinthehospital 2 假设条件虚拟倒装 条件从句中有should were had三个助动词可以把if省略 并将这三个词提至句首 ifiwereyou iwouldgiveitup wereiyou iwouldgiveitup ifitwerenotforyouradvice wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties wereitnotforyouradvice wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties ifihadhadtime iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain hadihadtime iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain ifthereshouldbeaflood whatshouldwedo shouldtherebeaflood whatshouldwedo ifihadnotseenitwithmyowneyes iwouldnothavebelievedit hadinotseenitwithmyowneyes iwouldnothavebelievedit task discussion1 helenhasbeenlivingwithaidsformanyyears nowsheiscelebratingherbirthdaywithherfriends ifyouwerehelen whatkindofwisheswouldyoumake 2 itissaidthatafallingstarcanletyourdreamscometrue ifyousawafallingstar whatkindofwisheswouldyoumake 3 besidesafallingstar amagiclampcanalsoletyourdreamscometrue ifyouhadamagiclamp whatwouldyouaskittodoforyou consolidation choosethebestanswers 1 howiwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden a hasb hadc willhaved hashad2 we intotrouble yourhelp a wouldhavegot butforb wouldn thavegot thankstoc wouldhavegot ifonlyd mustn tget without3 shewassoupsetthatsheburstintotears i dratheryou herallaboutit a didn ttellb hadn ttoldc don ttelld won ttell4 whenastickispartlyinabottleofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken b a b c 5 ifit fortherain we foranoutingyesterday a werenot couldnothavegoneb werenot couldgoc hadnotbeen couldhavegoned hadnotbeen couldgo6 withouthishelp we suchrapidprogress a don tmakeb wouldnotmakec didn tmaked wouldnothavemade7 ifonlyi tomy