1句子类型+四种从句.docVIP

句子的类型A简单句的结构：1.“主语+谓语” I cried yesterday.昨天，我哭了。 Things change.事物是变化的。2.“主语+系动词+表语” He and I are good students.他和我都是好学生。 The doctors seemed very capable.这些大夫看起来都很能干。3.“主语+谓语(及物动词vt.)+宾语” I have finished my homework. She likes paintings and I like swimming.4.“主语+谓语+宾语（名词）+宾语（名词）”We gave the baby a bath.我们给婴儿洗了个澡。He passed me a basketball.他传给我一个篮球。5.“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”I found the book easy.我发现此书不难。I heard him coming up the stairs slowly, as if he were carrying something heavy.我听见他慢慢上楼来，好像扛着什么重的东西。注：“间宾+直宾”与“宾补”的区别a.如果一个句子中的某一个动词接了两个宾语，那么，指“人”的是间接宾语，指“物”的为直接宾语。而且，这两个宾语不能形成逻辑上的主谓关系b.如果一个动词后所接的两个宾语能够形成逻辑上的主谓关系，则是宾语和宾补的关系B 并列句的结构并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成。常见的并列句的结构是：简单句+等立连词+简单句。They were happy and they deserved there happiness.他们是幸福的，他们也该得到幸福。Hurry or you wont make the train. 赶快，不然你就赶不上火车。Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.蜜是甜的，但蜜蜂却会蜇人。C 复合句的结构复合句由一个主句和一个/一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体，。往往可以独立存在；而从句仅是一个句子成分，故不能独立存在。从句分主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句六类，由于前三类从句在句子中的功能相当于名词，故可统称为名词性从句。1.主语从句2.表语从句3.宾语从句4.同位语从句5.定语从句6.状语从句从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导名词性从句和状语从句。从属连词大致可分为三大类： 1、that （无词义，不做成分）if，whether （表达是否的意义，但不做句子成分） 2、连接代词：who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever, whoever, whichever（有词义，在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语） 3、连接副词：when，where，why，how，how many，how long，how far，however，whenever，wherever （有词义，作从句的状语）一、用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词等。That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.她们是亲姐妹是很明显的，她们的脸型很相似。What he did is not yet known.他干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anymore.这事怎么发生的，谁也不清楚。Wherever you are is my home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家。二、用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词有连接代词、疑问副词、疑问代词、从属连词等。 The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it.问题是他如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning.那就是她今天早晨干的。 He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。（从属连词as）三、用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、 He told us （that） he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。 We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationaryperiod.鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。（decided和that之间有插入语，则that不可省略） I doubt whether he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。（whether也是从属连词） I dont know what hes writing to me about. Ill tell you why I asked you to come.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。 I walked over to where she sat.我走向她坐的地方。（连接副词）四、用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，同位语从句其形式与定语从句相似。二者之前都有先行词，但与先行词的关系不同：同位语从句与先行词等同，定语从句则修饰先行词。同位语从句的先行词多为fact news idea thought questionreport等。 They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪听说我不能来？ 疑问代词who, which,what和疑问副词where,when,why,how