外文翻译 - JSP及其WEB技术

外文原文JSPandWEBtechnology1JSPIntroductionJSP(JavaServerPages)isaJava-basedscriptingtechnology.IsadvocatedbySunMicrosystemsInc.,togetherwithanumberofcompaniesinvolvedintheestablishmentofadynamicwebpagetechnologystandards.JSPtechnologyissomewhatsimilartoASPtechnology,ItisatraditionalHTMLpagefile(*.htm,*.html)toinsertJavaprogramsegment(Scriptlet)andJSPtag(tag),ToformtheJSPfile（*jsp）.WebdevelopmentwithJSPisacross-platformapplicationsthatcanrununderLinux,butalsoinotheroperatingsystems.IntheJSPofthemanyadvantages,oneofwhichisthatitwillbeHTMLencodedWebpagefromthebusinesslogicseparatedeffectively.JSPaccesswithreusablecomponents,suchasServlet,JavaBeanandJava-basedWebapplications.JSPalsosupportsdirectlyintheWebpageembeddedJavacode.JSPcanbeusedtwowaystoaccessdocuments:JSPdocumentssentbythebrowserrequest,therequestsenttotheServlet.JSPtechnologyusesJavaprogramminglanguage,XML-typetagsandscriptlets,tohaveapackagedealwiththelogicofdynamicpages.Pagetagsandscriptletscanalsoexistintheserveraccesstotheresourcesoftheapplicationlogic.JSPlogicandWebpagedesignanddisplayisolatedandsupportreusablecomponent-baseddesign,Web-basedapplicationsmorequicklyandeasilydeveloped.TheWebserverwhenmeetsvisitstheJSPhomepagetherequest,firstcarriesoutsegment,willthencarryouttheresultcodetoreturntogetherwithJSPinthedocumentHTMLforthecustomer.TheinsertionJavasegmentmayoperatethedatabase,againthedirectionalhomepageandsoon,realizesthefunctionwhichtheestablishmentdynamichomepageneeds.JSPandJavaServletarethesame,isintheserverendexecution,usuallyreturnstothisclientsideisaHTMLtext,thereforeclientside,solongashasthebrowsertobeabletoglanceover.TheJSPpageiscomposedoftheHTMLcodeandtheinsertingJavacode.TheserverinthepagebytheclientsidewasrequestedthatlaterwillcarryonprocessingtotheseJavacode,willthenproducetheHTMLpagewillreturngivestheclientsidethebrowser.JavaServletistheJSPtechnologybase,moreoverthelarge-scaleWebapplicationproceduresdevelopmentneedsJavaServletandtheJSPcoordinationcancomplete.JSPhadtheJavatechnologysimplyeasytouse,completeobject-oriented,hadtheplatformindependency,andsafereliable,mainlyfacedInternetsallcharacteristics.2JSPcomputingtechniqueTocarryonthedynamicwebsiteconvenientlyfastthedevelopment,JSPhasmadetheimprovementinthefollowingseveralaspects,causesittobecomebuildsthecrossplatformfastthedynamicwebsitefirstchoiceplan.2.1carriesonthecontentproductionandthedemonstrationseparatesWiththeJSPtechnology,theWebpagedevelopmentpersonnelmayuseHTMLortheXMLmarkingdesignandtheformattedfinalpage,andusestheJSPmarkingorthetootsyproducesonpagesdynamiccontentoriginally.ProductioncontentslogicissealedinmarksandintheJavaBeansmodule,andtiesupinthescript,allscriptsinserverendmovement.BecausecorelogicissealedinmarksandinJavaBeans,thereforetheWebadministrativepersonnelsandthepagedesigner,caneditandusetheJSPpage,butdoesnotaffectthecontenttheproduction.Intheserverend,theJSPengineexplainedthattheJSPmarkingandthescript,producethecontentwhichrequested,and(orXML)pagesformtransmitstheresultbyHTMLthebrowser.Thisbotharehelpfulintheauthorprotectsowncode,andcanguaranteeanybasedontheHTMLWebbrowserscompleteusability.2.2mayentrustwithheavyresponsibilitythemoduleTheoverwhelmingmajorityJSPpagereliesonmayentrustwithheavyresponsibility,thecrossplatformmodule(JavaBeansorEnterprisetheJavaBeansmodule)carriesoutcomplexprocessingwhichtheapplicationprocedurerequests.Thedevelopmentpersonnelcanshareandexchangetheexecutionordinaryoperationthemodule,orcausesthesemodulesusesformoreusersandthecustomerassociation.Hasacceleratedtheoveralldevelopmentprocessbasedonmodulesmethod,andcauseseachkindoforganizationobtainsbalancedintheirexistingskillandintheoptimizedresultdevelopmentendeavor.2.3usesmarkingTheWebpagedevelopmentpersonnelwillnotbethefamiliarscriptlanguageprogrammers.TheJSPtechnologyhassealedmanyfunctions,thesefunctionsareeasytouse,markingtocarryonthedynamiccontentproductionwithJSPintherelatedXMLtoneed.ThestandardJSPmarkingcanvisitandtheinstantiationJavaBeansmodule,theestablishmentortheretrievalmoduleattribute,downloadsApplet,aswellastheexecutiondifficultywithcodesandthetime-consumingfunctionwithothermethods.2.4adaptstheplatformNearlyallplatformssupportJava,JSP+JavaBeanstobepossibletopassunimpedednearlyunderallplatforms.Transplantsfromaplatformtootherplatform,JSPandJavaBeansdoesnotevenneedtotranslate,becausetheJavabytecodeisstandardhasnothingtodowiththeplatform.2.5databaseconnectionInJavaconnectsthedatabasethetechnologyistheJDBC,JavaprocedureisconnectedthroughtheJDBCdriverandthedatabase,operationsandsoonexecutioninquiry,extractiondata.SunCorporationhasalsodevelopedJDBC-ODBCbridge,usesthistechnicalJavaproceduretobepossibletovisithastheODBCdriverdatabase,atpresentthemajoritydatabasesystemshavetheODBCdriver,thereforetheJavaprocedurecanvisitsuchasOracle,Sybase,MSSQLServeranddatabasesandsoonMSAccess.Inaddition,throughthedevelopmentmarkingstorehouse,theJSPtechnologymayfurtherexpand.Thethirdpartydevelopmentpersonnelandotherpersonnelmayfoundtheirmarkingstorehouseforthecommonlyusedfunction.ThisenablestheWebpagedevelopmentpersonneltobeabletousethefamiliartoolandtobesimilartomarkingsamecarriesoutthespecificfunctioncomponenttocarryonthework.TheJSPtechnologyveryeasyconformitytomanykindsofapplicationarchitecture,tousetheextanttoolandtheskill,andcanexpandtothesupportenterprisedistributionalapplication.3EclipsefunctionsynopsisMoreandmoreJavadevelopmentpersonnelalreadystartedtheproductivitywhichandthequalityincomeappreciatesEclipseJDTtoprovide.ItwastheJavaeditorprovidesgrammarGaoLiangtodemonstratethattheformatting,thefold,thecontentwereauxiliary,codetemplateandsoonmanyfunctions.Itgrowsunceasinglyavailablerestructuringandthecodegenerationfunctionsetpermitsyouinahigherranktheoperationcode,andautomatedusualcodeintensitydutyandeasywrongduty.Moreover,indevelopsthecodeandusesJDTtocompileandtocarryouttheJUnittestbuilt-insupportcarriesontheunittestingafterthecode,mayuseEclipsethefirst-classJavadebuggerdebuggingwhenthemovementmeetsanyquestion.BesidesJDT,EclipseSDK-themostpopularEdownloading-alsocontainsPlug-inDevelopmentEnvironment(PDE).PDEusedthespecificfunctiontoexpandJDTtoconstructtheEclipseplug-inunit-basedontheEclipseapplicationprocedurebasicconstructionagglomeration.Infact,usesthetoolwhichprovidesbyEclipseitselftobeabletosurmounttheJavadevelopment,mayexpandtheexistingEclipseapplicationprocedure,orevenfoundsthebrand-newapplicationprocedure.Eclipsebyascriptlevelconstitution,containsinmanyfunctionalmodulesortheEclipseterminologyso-called“theplug-inunit”.Theplug-inunitisprovidesallfunctionsintheEclipseapplicationprocedurethemodule.TheycooperatethroughitsAPItopaythefinaloutcometogether.InEclipse,eventhemostfoundationsfunction,forinstancethesearchandthestartinstallmentsplug-inunit,sealsintheplug-inunit.InordertoexpandtheexistingEclipsefunctionorcarryontheconstructioninabove,theplug-inunittheconcreteexpansioncontributionfortheexpansionspotwhichwillexposebyotherplug-inunits.Usually,theplug-inunitconcentratesthespecificregionresponsibility,andgivesthroughoramanyexpansionwayotherresponsibilitydesignationotherplug-inunits.Forexample,aplug-inunitallowsyouparalleltocomparetwodocumentsvisiblythecontents,butitwillnotcarehowtoreadthesedocumentsevenhowtoexplainthesedocumentstructure;Thisisotherplug-inunitswork.Whencomparedwithtwodocuments,thisplug-inunitfirstinspectswhethertohaveanotherplug-inunittobepossibletoexplainthesedocumentstructure.Iffoundone,ittotheplug-inunitinquiryrelatedfileorganizationinformationwhichfound,andusedthisinformationinthecomparisonprocess.MayseethatthemodularconstructionwasEclipsehasprovidedthehugeflexibility,andprovidedonetobepossibletosupportthemassiveapplicationprocedureplatformwhichtheoriginaldesignhasnotexpected.4StructsfunctionsynopsisStrutsisaMVCframe(Framework),usesindevelopingJavafasttheWebapplication.StrutsrealizesthekeypointinC(Controller),Actionwhichandwehavecustom-madeincludingActionServlet/RequestProcessor,wasalsoV(View)providesaseriesofrowstohavecustom-madethelabel(CustomTag).Springisalightvessel(light-weightcontainer),itscoreistheBeanfactory(BeanFactory),withconstructsM(Model)whichweneed.Abovethisfoundation,SpringhasprovidedAOP(Aspect-OrientedProgramming,facestratificationplaneprogramming)realization,providesunderthenon-managementenvironmentwithittodeclareservicesandsoonwaybusiness,security;IsmoreconvenienttoBeanfactoryexpansionApplicationContextwetorealizetheJ2EEapplication;DAO/ORMrealizesfacilitatesustocarryonthedatabasethedevelopment;WebMVCandSpringWebhaveprovidedJavatheWebapplicationframeorcarriesontheintegrationwithotherpopularWebframe.Thatismayabothuse,achievebothowncharacteristiccarriesonsupplementary.Structsisthekindwhich,servletandtheJSPmarkagroupcooperatesmutually,theycomposetheMVC2designswhichmayentrustwithheavyresponsibility.ThisdefinitionexpressedthatStrutsisaframe,butisnotastorehouse,butStrutshasalsocontainedtherichmarkstorehouseandtheindependenceinthisframeworkutilityprogramclass.Clientbrowser(customerbrowser),therequestfoundsaneventfromcustomerbrowserseachHTTP.TheWebvesselwilluseaHTTPresponsetomaketheresponse.Controller(controller),thecontrollerreceivefrombrowsersrequest,anddecidedthatsendsoutwherethisrequest.SpeakingofStruts,thecontrollerisanorderdesignpatternwhichrealizesbyservlet.struts-config.xmldocumentdispositioncontroller.Servicelogic,theservicelogicrenewalmodelscondition,andhelpsthecontrolapplicationproceduretheflow.SpeakingofStruts,thisisthroughtakestheactualservicelogic“thin”thepackingActionkindtocomplete.Model(model)condition,modelexpressionapplicationprocedurecondition.Serviceobjectrenewalapplicationprocedurecondition.ActionFormbeaninconversationlevelorrequestlevelexpressionmodelcondition,butisnotinthelastinglevel.TheJSPdocumentusesJSPtomarkthereadfromtheActionFormbeaninformation.View(view),theviewisaJSPdocument.Anddoesnothavetheflowlogic,doesnothavetheservicelogic,alsodoesnothavethemodelinformation-Onlythenmarks.ThemarkcausesStrutsisdifferentwithotherframes(forexampleVelocity)oneoffactors.JustliketheStrutscontrolleris(eventusuallyisHTTPpost)mapstheeventkindofservlet.youtoexpect-theair-operatedcontrolleruseconfigurationfilestocauseyounottoneedtocarryontothesevaluesthehardcode.Thetimehaschanged,butmethodasbefore.TheActionkind,ActionFormmaintainstheWebapplicationproceduretheconversationcondition.ActionFormisoneabstractclass,mustfoundthiskindofsubclassforeachinputformmodel.WhenIsaidwheninputformmodel,whatreferstotheActionFormexpressionisestablishesorintherenewalgeneralsensedatabytheHTMLform.TheActionkindisservicelogicpacking.AActionkindofuseistransformsHttpServletRequestintotheservicelogic.MustuseAction,pleasefounditssubclassandcoversprocess()themethod.ActionServlet(Command)willuseperform()themethodtheparametrizationkindtotransmitforActionForm.Stilldidnothavetoomanyrepugnantrequest.getParameter()totransfer.Whentheeventprogressestothisstep,theinputformdata(orHTMLformdata)hasbeenwithdrawnfromtherequestclassandshiftstotheActionFormkind.ConsideredthataActionkindofanotherwayistheAdapterdesignpattern.TheActionusewillbe“akindofconnectionwilltransformanotherconnectionwhichwillneedfortheclient.Adapterenablesthekindthejointoperation,ifdoesnothaveAdapter,thenthesekindswillbeunablebecauseoftheincompatibleconnectionthejointoperation.”.InthisexamplesclientisActionServlet,itknowsnothingabouttoourconcreteserviceclassconnection.Therefore,Strutshasprovidedaserviceconnectionwhichitcanunderstand,namelyAction.ThroughexpandsAction,wecauseourserviceconnectionandtheStrutsserviceconnectionmaintaincompatible.5CSSsynopsisTheCSSeditionmethodisthesamewithHTML,mayalsobeanytexteditororthehomepageeditionsoftware,butalsohasusesfortoeditCSSspeciallythesoftware.IfyouwritetheCSSsentenceregardstheexteriorcascadingstylesheet,buttransfersintheHTMLdocument,thenitsextensionsaves.csstobepossible.InitiallythetechnicalpersonnelfoundoutHTML,mainlystressesonthedefinitioncontent,forinstanceexpressedthataparagraph,indicatesthetitle,butexcessivelyhasnotdesignedHTMLthetypesettingandthecontactsurfaceeffect.AlongwiththeInternetrapiddevelopment,HTMLiswidelyapplied,thesurferpeoplehopedcertainlythatthehomepagemakesattractive,thereforetheHTMLtypesettingandthecontactsurfaceeffectslimitationexposesdaybyday.Inordertosolvethisproblem,thepeoplealsotookmanytortuouspaths,hasusedsomenotgoodmethod,forinstanceincreasesmanyattributeresultstoHTMLbecomesthecodeveryextremelyfat,turnsthepicturethetext,excessivelymanycomesthetypesettingusingTable,expressesthewhitespacewiththeblankpictureandsoon.AppearsuntilCSS.CSSmaybeahomepagedesignbreakthrough,ithassolvedthehomepagecontactsurfacetypesettingdifficultproblem.MaysuchsaythatHTMLTagismainlydefinesthehomepagecontent(Content),butCSSdecidedhowthesehomepagecontentdoesdemonstrate(Layout).TheCSSEnglishisCascadingStyleSheets,Chinesemaytranslatethetandemcascadingstylesheet.CSSmaydivideintothreekindsaccordingtoitsposition:Ininlaysthestyle(InlineStyle),internalcascadingstylesheet(InternalStyleSheet),exteriorcascadingstylesheet(ExternalStyleSheet).6HTMLfunctionsynopsisHyperTextMarkuptheLanguagehypertextmarklanguageisonekindusesfortomanufacturethehypertextdocumentsthesimplemarklanguage.ThehypertextdocumentswhichcompileswithHTMLarecalledtheHTMLdocuments,itcantheindependenceineachkindofoperatingsystemplatform(forexampleUNIX,WINDOWSandsoon).HTMLhasservedassince1990onWorldWideWebtheinformationtoexpressthelanguage,usesindescribingtheHomepageformdesignanditandonWWWtheotherHomepagelinkedinformation.TheHTMLdocuments(i.e.theHomepagesourcedocument)wasonehaslaidasidethemarkASCIItextdocument,usuallyithad.htmlorthe.htmdocumentextension.ProducesHTMLdocumentsmainlytohavethefollowingthreeways:1.themanualdirectcompilation(e.g.ASCIItexteditorwhichorotherHTMLeditiontoollikeswithyou).2.willhaveotherformdocumentsthroughcertainformatconversiontool(forexampletheWORDdocuments)totransformtheHTMLdocuments.3.bytheWebserver(orsaidthattheHTTPserver)oneonlythenreal-timedynamicproduces.theHTMLlanguageisthroughuseseachkindofmark(tags)tomarkthedocumentsthestructureaswellasmarkstheultrachain(Hyperlink)theinformation.AlthoughtheHTMLlanguagedescribedthedocumentsstructureform,buthowcantdefinethedocumentsinformationtopreciselydemonstrateandarrange,butisonlysuggestedhowtheWebbrowser(forexampleMosiac,Netscapeandsoon)shoulddemonstrateandarrangetheseinformation,isdecidedfinallyinfrontofusersdemonstrationresultbytheWebbrowsersdemonstrationstyleandtothemarkexplanatoryability.Whyistheidenticaldocumentstheeffectwhichdemonstratedinthedifferentbrowsermeetsisdissimilar.AtpresenttheHTMLlanguageseditionis2.0,itisbasedonSGML(StandardGeneralizedMarkupLanguage,standardsetsatsignlanguagegenerally,assoonasisappliesmechanicallydescribesdigitizeddocumentsstructureandmanagesitscontentcomplexstandard)asubsettoevolvecomes.AlthoughinnexteditionsstandardHTML3.0(isalsocalledHTML+)todrawup,butsomethepartialexperimentalnaturedraftstandardwidelyhasbeenused,themostlyoutstandingWebbrowser(forexampleNetscapeandsoon)canexplainintheHTML3.0partnewmark,thereforeintroducedinthischaptersomeHTML3.0newmarkhasbeenacceptedbythemostbrowsers.7JsscriptlanguagesynopsisJSisjavascrip,JavascriptisonekindthescriptlanguagewhichcomesbytheNetscapeLiveScriptdevelopment,themainpurposeistosolvetheserverterminallanguage,forinstancePerl,carry-overspeedquestion.Atthattimeservedtheendtoneedtocarryontheconfirmationtothedata,becausethenetworkspeedwasquiteslow,onlythen28.8kbps,theconfirmationstepwastestimeweretoomany.ThereforeNetscapebrowserNavigatorhasjoinedJavascript,hasprovidedthedataconfirmationbasicfunction.TheJavaScriptofficialnameis“ECMAScript”.ThisstandardbyECMAorganizationdevelopmentandmaintenance.ECMA-262istheofficialJavaScriptstandard.ThisstandardbasedonJavaScript(Netscape)andJScript(Microsoft).Netscape(Navigator2.0)BrendanEichhasinventedthislanguage,startedfrom1996,alreadyappearedinallNetscapeandintheMicrosoftbrowser.TheECMA-262developmentbeganin1996,in1997July,theECMAgeneralmeetinghasaccepteditsfirstedition.Scriptscriptusesonespecificdescriptivelanguage,restsoncertainformcompilationtobepossibletheexecutiondocument,isalsocalledasgreatorthebatchrundocument.Thescriptusuallymaytransfertemporarilybytheapplicationprocedureandcarryout.Eachkindofscriptpresentwidelyisappliedinthehomepagedesign,becausethescriptnotonlymayreducethehomepagethescaleandraisesthehomepagebrowsingspeed,moreovermayenrichthehomepageperformance,likeanimation,soundandsoon.Citesamostcommonexample,whenweclickinthehomepagetheE-mailaddresscantransferOutlookExpressortheFoxmailthiskindofmailsoftwareautomatically,isrealizesthroughthescriptfunction.Alsobecauseofscriptthesecharacteristics,thehumanwhoharborsulteriormotivesbysomeareoftenusing.Forexamplejoinssomedestructioncomputersystemsorderinthescript,likethisworksastheuserbrowsinghomepage,oncetransfersthiskindofscript,willthencausetheuserthesystemtocomeundertheattack.Thereforetheusershouldactaccordingtovisitshomepagethetrustdegreeselectivesecurityrank,speciallyregardingtheseitselfcontentontheillegalhomepage,donotpermittheusescripteasily.Through“thesafeestablishment”thedialogbox,thechoice“thescript”underoptioneachkindofestablishmentmaywitheaserealizetoscriptbeingforbidandbeginsusing.Presentsscriptlanguageisquitemany,scriptlanguageexecutiongenerallyonlywithconcreteexplanationactuatorrelated,solongasthereforeonthesystemhasthecorrespondinglanguageinterpretertobepossibletoachievethecrossplatform.Script(Script),isincludesorderandsoonbindandaliassets,youmaysavethissetareanindependentdocumenttheninthetimewhichneedscarriesout,likethismayfacilitateyouintheCSuse.Thescriptmaysaveforthesuffixnamed.cfgdocumentplacesunderthecstrikefolder,whenexecutionincontrolbenchinput:exec(scriptfilename).cfgthen.Forinstancesavesascriptisthebuys.cfgdocument,inputsinthecontrolbench:execbuys.cfgmayrealizethefunctionwhichweneed.Mustrealizeanorder,solongasisgoodthisprocessdefinition(alias),andassignsakeypositionforthisorder,solongaslateraccordingtowillassignthegoodkeyposition,mayrealizethisprocess.Allscriptsarerealizethroughthismethod.中文翻译JSP及其WEB技术1JSP简介JSP（JavaServerPag