高三英语高考复习课件：动词不定式.ppt

动词不定式 todothatsortofthingisfoolish iwanttoseeyouthisevening allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly wefoundahousetolivein shecameheretostudyenglish iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 作主语 togiveupsmokingisright itisrighttogiveupsmoking 试比较 itisimpossibleforyoutopersuadehim itisverykindofyoutohelpme seeingisbelieving toseeistobelieve 动词不定式做宾语 1 某些及物动词 ask agree care choose demand dare decide expect fail help hope learn manage offer plan prepare pretend promise refuse want wish等不能用 ing形式作宾语 只能用动词不定式 tomrefusedtolendmehispen 2 某些及物动词 begin start like love hate continue prefer可用 ing也可用动词不定式作宾语 iprefertogotoparisbyair iprefergoingtoparisbyair 3 某些及物动词 forget remember try regret goon mean等可用 ing也可用动词不定式作宾语 但表达的意思不同 iforgettobringmyhomework iforgetopeningthewindows 4 某些动词 tell advise show teach learn know decide findout等 作其宾语的动词不定式前往往加一个疑问词 idon tknowhowtocook hetoldmehowtogettothestation 5 及物动词want need require等 当其主语是 物 时 表示 需要 常用动词不定式的被动式作宾语 yourbedroomneedstobecleaned yourbedroomneedscleaning 6 介词后一般不直接跟动词不定式作宾语 但可用带疑问词的不定式 marxgavesomeadviceonhowtolearnenglishwell 但but except后可跟不定式作宾语 thebosshadnochoicebuttogivein 但当主要动词是do时 to省掉 theycoulddonothingbutwait 作宾语 freddidn thaveanymoney sohedecidedtolookforajob 1 fred没有钱 所以他决定找一份工作 请注意 karlmarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationofrussia 作表语 myjobistoteachenglish 试比较 myjobisteachingenglish 动词不定式做定语 动词不定式作定语要放在被修饰词后 haveyougotanyquestionstoask 如被修饰词和作定语的不定式没有直接的动宾关系 不定式后应有相应的介词 ihavenochairtositin 当句中有不定式的逻辑主语时 作定语的动词不定式用主动形式表被动 ihavegotalotofthingstodealwith haveyougotanythingtoeat 当征求对方是否有事需请求者去做时 作定语的不定式一般要用被动语态 wouldyoupleasehavealettertobetyped manager askedtheofficeworker 作定语 doyouhaveanythingtosay 1 你有什么要说的吗 2 betty是第一个知道这真相的人 bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth 动词不定式做状语 1 inorderto和soasto 意义上没区别 但soasto 不能置于句首 2 adj adv enoughto 3 too adj adv to 有肯定与否定 thechildistooyoungtodresshimself 否定 sheistooanxioustoknowtherusults ready easy eager gladto 作状语 hespokeloudly soas inorder tobeheard theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews i mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight 目的状语 原因状语 结果状语 作宾补 sheaskedmetostaythere 1 她叫我呆在这儿 2 请允许我介绍mr white给你们 pleaseallowmetointroducemr whitetoyou 注意 a 有些动词后面的不定式不带to 如feel 一感 hear listento 二听 make have let 三让 see watch notice observe 四看 iheardthemsingapopsong theteachermademeanswerthequestion wewatchedthemplayfootball 注意 b 动词不定式的否定式只须在to前加not myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob theteachertoldusnottobelateagain 注意 c 带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词 mr linwillteachushowtousethecomputer canyoutellmewheretogetthebook 注意 d 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时 动词不定式常常省去to后面的动词 只保留to a wouldyouliketocometomyparty marywantedtousemybike butiaskedhernotto usemybike b yes i dloveto cometoyourparty mary想用我的自行车 但我叫她别用 动词不定式的时态 1 iopenedthedoortoentertheroom 2 mr smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow 一般式 todo 不定式的一般式所表示的动作 状态 同时 或几乎同时 发生 或之后发生 进行式 tobedoing 1 iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou 2 heissaidtobecoming 如果谓语表示的动作 情况 发生时 不定式所表示的动作正在进行 动词不定式的时态 动词不定式的时态 完成式 tohavedone 1 iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong 2 youseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbymr smith 如果谓语表示的动作发生在不定式之前 动词不定式的语态 主动式 todo tobedoing tohavedone 1 wewanttolearnenglishwell 2 robertissaid abroad butididn tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin nmet99 tohavestudiedb tostudyc maded tomake 当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时 动词不定式的语态 被动式 tobedone tohavebeendone 1 hedidn tliketobelaughedat 2 heclaimed inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday 上海98 beingbadlytreatedb treatingbadlyc tobetreatedbadlyd tohavebeenbadlytreated 当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时 thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier itmoredifficult met99 a notmakeb nottomakec notmakingd donotmake2 i veworkedwithchildrenbefore soiknowwhat inmynewjob nmet2000 a expectedb toexpectc tobeexpectingd expects 高考题汇集 3 charlesbabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer met1998 toinventb inventingc tohaveinventedc havinginvented 4 allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas tocarryallthewayhome met2003 muchtooheavyb toomuchheavyc heavytoomuchd tooheavymuch 5 theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet buthismothertoldhim nmet95 a nottob nottodoc notdoitd donotto 6 littlejimshouldlove tothetheatrethisevening met97 tobetakenb totakec beingtakend taking 7 therearefivepairs buti matalosswhichtobuy 1999上海高考 tobechosenb tochoosefromc tochoosed forchoosing 8 lateintheafternoon bobturnedoffthealarm 2001年北京春季高考 a tosleepb sleepingc sleepd havingsleep 9 withalotofdifficultproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime 2002年上海春季高考 settledb settlingc tosettled beingsettled 10 shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive 2003上海春季高考 a tohaveplayedb toplayc tobeplayedd tobeplaying 11 inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket manystateruncompaniesaretrying theirproductsmorecompetitive 2002上海春季高考 tomakeb makingc tohavemaded havingmade 12 theteacheraskedus somuchnoise 2003北京春季高考 a don tmakeb notmake c notmakingd nottomake 1 thelightintheofficeisstillon oh iforgot a turningitoffb turnitoffc havingturneditoffd toturnitoff2 shecan thelp thehousebecauseshe sbusymakingacake a tocleanb cleaningc cleanedd beingcleaned3 noteverybodyhastheabilityinpublic a ofspeakb speakingc spokend tospeak 练习 4 maryisalwaysthefirststudenttoanswertheteacher squestionsinclass a risingb torisec rosed risen5 mum whydoyoualwaysaskmetoeataneggeveryday enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup a getb gettingc togetd tobegetting6 wouldyoubesokindusout withpleasure a helpingb inhelpingc helpd astohelp 7 wetumbrellasarenotallowedintothishotelaccordingtotherule a tobetakenb totakec takend taking 8 robertissaid abroad butididn tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin atohavestudiedbtostudyctobestudyingdtohavebeenstudying 9 inaustraliahemadealotoffriends averypracticalknowledgeofenglish getb gettingc togetd got 1 lastsummeritookalessonon a howtomakedressesb howdressesbemadec howtobemadedressesd howdressestobemade extraexercises a 2 shepretended mewhenipassedby a nottoseeb notseeingc tonotseed havingnotseen a 3 tomkeptquietabouttheaccident losehisjob a sonotastob soasnottoc soastonotd notsoasto b 4 shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped onabigrockbythesideofthepath a tohaverestedb restingc torestd rest c 5 thelightintheofficeisstilon oh iforgot