文献翻译——节能灯

外文文献资料ENERGY-SAVINGLAMPNTRODUCTIONClassicalcontrolsystemisdescribedbyadifferentialequation.However,uncertaintyisinheritinmostdynamicsystems.Inordertocharacterizeasystemwithwhitenoise,stochasticcontrolsystemwasintroducedviaItsstochasticdifferentialequation.Thus,stochasticcontroltheoryisdevelopedtofindoptimalwaystocontrolsuchsystem,andhasbeenwidelyappliedtophysical,biological,economicandmanagementproblems.Asweknow,fuzzinessisanotheruncertaintyinreallife.Fuzzycontroltheoryhasbeenappliedtoindustrialproduction.Fuzzysettheorywasappliedtothemodelingofcontrolsystemsindifferentways.Traditionally,rule-basedfuzzysystemsareusedbyZadeh1.Fuzzymodelsuse“If-Then”rulesandlogicalconnectivestoestablishrelationsbetweenthevariablesdefinedforthemodelofthesystem.Dependingontheformofthepropositionsandonthestructureoftherulebase,differenttypesofrule-basedfuzzymodelscanbedistinguished.Therearetwopopularfuzzycontrolsystemsinthepast.ThefirstisMamdanifuzzycontrolsystem2whichwasintroducedtocontrolasteamengineandboilercombinationbyasetoflinguisticcontrolrules.Inthissystem,boththeantecedentandconsequentarefuzzypropositions.TheotherisTakagi-Sugenofuzzycontrolsystem3whichwasintroducedforgenerationoffuzzyrulesfromgiveninput-outputdataset.Inthissystem,theconsequentsarecrispfunctionsoftheantecedentvariablesherthanafuzzyproposition.Inthispaperweproposeasystemonfuzzycontrol.Thesystemconsistsofopticalsensors,noisesensors,intelligentcontrolunit,variablereactorandlightload.OpticalsensorsdetectlightsurfaceinformationandinputitintotheintelligentcontrolunitbyA/Dconvertertodecidewhethertoactivatethesystem.Afterthesystemstarts,noisesensorsdetectlightsurfaceinformationandalsoinputitintotheintelligentcontrolunit.Theintelligentcontrolunitprocessesreal-timeroadtrafficinformationtorealizethefuzzycontrol.ThissystemissimulatedinMATLABandtheresultsshowthatthesystemisreasonableandeffective.INTELLIGENTLIGHTINGENERGYSAVINGCONTROLSYSTEMIntelligentlightingenergysavingcontrolsystemisshowninFigure1.Thesystemconsistsofopticalsensors,noisesensors,intelligentcontrolunit,variablereactorandlightload.OpticalsensorsdetectlightsurfaceinformationandinputitintotheintelligentcontrolunitbyA/Dconvertertodecidewhethertoactivatethesystem.Afterthesystemstarts,noisesensorsdetectlightsurfaceinformationandalsoinputitintotheintelligentcontrolunit.Theintelligentcontrolunitprocessesreal-timeroadtrafficinformationonfuzzycontrol,thensendsthecorrespondingcontrolsignaltotransformingreactor.Itchangesthelow-pressuresidevoltagetocontrolthevoltageacrossthehigh-pressuresideinordertorealisesavingenergyandlightingcontinuouscontrol.Figure1intelligentlightingenergysavingcontrolsystemAhandwaredesignTheintelligentcontrolunitconsistsofSCM,sensors,A/Dconverter,D/Aconverterandsoon.(itsstructureisshowninFigure2).Thesystemshandwareconsistsoftwoparts.Onepartisasupervisorycomputer,andtheotheroneisalowercomputer.Thesupervisorycomputerismainlyresponsibleforhuman-computerinteraction,andItscontrolchipisP89LPC938.ThelowercomputerisresponsibleforthyristortriggercontrolanditscontrolchipisAT89S52.Itcommunicateswithsupervisorycomputerthroughserial.AhandwaredesignTheintelligentcontrolunitconsistsofSCM,sensors,A/Dconverter,D/Aconverterandsoon.(itsstructureisshowninFigure2).Thesystemshandwareconsistsoftwoparts.Onepartisasupervisorycomputer,andtheotheroneisalowercomputer.Thesupervisorycomputerismainlyresponsibleforhuman-computerinteraction,andItscontrolchipisP89LPC938.ThelowercomputerisresponsibleforthyristortriggercontrolanditscontrolchipisAT89S52.Itcommunicateswithsupervisorycomputerthroughserial.Figure2handwarestructureFigure3variablereactorstructureFigure4isolationcircuitFigure5powerconversionunitLightingenergysavingiscontroledbytheintelligentcontrolunitandtransformingreactor.ItsstructureisshowninFigure3.Toreduceinterference,switchinputandisolationcircuitisshowninFigure4.Powerconversionconsistsofthepowerdevice,thetriggermoduleandotherdevice.Thethyristorcontrolangleisadjustedtocontrolthesecondarycoilcurrentsizeofthevariablereactancetransformer.Thenthevoltageacrosslightischangedtocontrolthelightingillumination.ItsstructureisshowninFigure5.BSoftwaredesignAftersystemstarts,itentersthemainmenu.Accordingtothesettingbutton,itentersthesub-menutoperformthefunctionofcorrespondingmodule.Externalreal-timeinformationcontinuouslyissentintoSCM.Whenmeetingacertaincondition.thefunctionsofamoduleisrun.Typically,commandisexecutedbyrunningwhile(1)loopstructur.Thesoftwaremoduleisshowninthefollowing.Systemmodulemainlyconsistsofthemainprogrammodule,LCDmodule,thekeyboardscanmodule,thecalendar/clockchipmodule,thesupervisoryandlowercomputercommunicationmodule,zero-crossingdetectionmodule,overcurrentprotectionmodule.ThemainflowchartisshowninFigure6,communicationflowchartisshowninFigure7.Figure6IntelligentlightingEnergySavingControlSystemmainflowchartFigure7communicationflowchartCFuzzycontroldesignThefuzzycontroldiagramisshowinFigure8.PositiveBig(PB),PositiveSmall(PS),zero(0),NegativeSmall(NS),NegativeBig(NB)aredefinedasfuzzysetsofLanguagevalue.Noiseerror(e)andcontrolvolume(u)arewitinthedomain3,3.ThelanguagevariablemembershipfunctiongraphisshowninFigure9.Figure8fuzzycontroldiagramFigure9languagevariablemembershipfunctionXisdefinedasthedomainofNoiseerrorandYisdefinedasthedemainofcontrolvolume(u).Fuzzyrelation(R)mappsXtoY.MatrixofNoiseerror(e)andcontrolvolume(u)areshowninthefollowing.FromL.A.Zadehmethod,weknow,wheretherefore,theresultis$rmU=rmEbulletrmR$Afterexternalreal-timeinformationisputintosystem,Eisobtainedwhenitisdifferentwithexpectations.FuzzycontrolvolumeUisgeneratedbyEandfuzzyrelationshipmatrixtorealizefuzzycontrol.DExperimentandresultWedesignaenviromentsimilartopracticalscene(simulationmodelisshowninFigure10).Figure10systemsimulationmodelVSoopeP1toP6aresignalswhichtriggercircuitsendstothyristor.Theirphaseisfollowedbyadifferenceof60degrees.Thereis180degreesbetweenVTlandVT4,soVT3andVT6,VT5andVT2are.VoltagewaveformonbothsidesoflightsbeforefuzzycontrolisshowninFigure11.andwhentriggerangleis45degreesafterfuzzycontrol,itisshowninFigure12.Theresultsshowthatafterfuzzycontrol,theVoltageoflightschouldbechangedbyadjustingtriggerangleofthyristortocontrollightinglumiance.Figure11VoltagewaveformoflightsbeforefuzzycontrolFigure12VoltagewaveformoflightsaferfuzzycontrolCONCLUSIONSInourpaper,wedesignaintelligentlightingenergysavingcontrolsystem.Itcollectslightsurfaceinformationandnoiseinformationtodecidewhethertoactivatethesystemandlightinglumianceiscontrolledaccordingtotrafficinformation.Wealsousessimulationstoinvestigatethesystem,theresultsshowthatthesystemisreasonableandeffective.References1.ZadehLA,Outlineofanewapproachtotheanalysisofcomplexsystemsanddecisionprocesses,IEEETransactionsonSystems,ManandCybernetics,Vol.3,28-44,1973.2.Mamdani,E.H.,Applicationsoffuzzyalgorithmsforcontrolofsimpledynamicplant,ProceedingsIEE,number121,1585-1588,1974.3.Takagi,T.andSugeno,M.,Fuzzyidentificationofsystemsanditsapplicationstomodellingandcontrol4.HaiZhou.Intelligentcontrolsystemforenergy-savingofstreetlightD.WuhanUniversityofTechnology,2009.5.YalanWang.studyonintelligentstreetlightcontrolsystemD.WuhanUniversityofTechnology,2008.6.E.A.vanderLaanandSalomonM.,Productionplanningandinventorycontrolwithremanufacturinganddisposal,EuropeanJournalofOperationalResearch,Vol.102,264-278,1997.中文翻译稿节能灯传统的控制系统由一个微分方程描述。然而，大多数动态系统继承了不确定性。为了描述一个系统的白噪声，随机控制系统通过它的随机微分方程来介绍。因此，随机控制理论发展到控制系统优化的方法，并已广泛应用于物理，生物，经济和管理问题。我们知道，模糊性是现实生活中的另一个不确定性。模糊控制理论已应用于工业生产。模糊集理论应用于不同的方式来控制系统的建模。传统上，Zadeh1使用了模糊系统的规则。模糊模型使用“如果-那么”规则和逻辑连接词以建立该系统的模型中定义的变量之间的关系。根据不同的命题和规则库的结构形式，不同类型的规则为基础的模糊模型可以区分。有在过去两年流行的模糊控制系统。第一是Mamdani型模糊控制系统2，它被引入由一组语言控制规则来控制蒸汽发动机和锅炉的组合。在这个系统中，无论是前提和后果是模糊命题。另一种是TS模糊控制系统3，它引入了新一代的从给定的输入输出数据集模糊规则。在这个系统中，结果是前因变量，不是一个模糊命题清脆的功能。在本文中，我们提出了模糊控制系统。该系统由光学传感器，噪音传感器，智能控制单元，变电抗器和轻载的。光传感器的光检测表面信息并将其输入到由A/D变换器的智能控制单元，以决定是否激活系统。系统启动后，噪音传感器检测光的表面信息，并且还输入其放入智能控制单元。智能控制单元处理的实时道路交通信息，实现模糊控制。这个系统是模拟在MATLAB，结果表明，该系统是合理和有效的。智能照明节能控制系统智能照明节能控制系统示于图1中的系统，包括光学传感器，噪声传感器，智能控制单元，可变的反应器和轻负荷。光传感器的光检测表面信息并将其输入到由A/D变换器的智能控制单元，以决定是否激活系统。系统启动后，噪音传感器检测光的表面信息，并且还输入其放入智能控制单元。该智能控制单元模糊控制处理实时道路交通信息，则相应的控制信号发送到变换反应器中。它改变了低压侧的电压以控制横过所述高压侧的电压，以实现节能照明连续控制。图1智能照明节能控制系统硬件设计智能控制单元由单片机，传感器，A/D变换器，D/A转换等。（其结构示于图2）。该系统的硬件由两部分组成。一个部分是一个监控计算机，而另一个是低级计算机。监控计算机主要负责人机交互，其控制芯片是P89LPC938。下位机负责可控硅触发控制及其控制芯片是AT89S52。它通过连续监控计算机通信。一个硬件设计智能控制单元由单片机，传感器，A/D变换器，D/A转换等。（其结构示于图2）。该系统的硬件由两部分组成。一个部分是一个监控计算机，而另一个是低级计算机。监控计算机主要负责人机交互，其控制芯片是P89LPC938。下位机负责可控硅触发控制及其控制芯片是AT89S52。它通过连续监控计算机通信。图2硬件结构图3可变电抗器的结构图4隔离电路图5功率变换单元照明节能是通过智能控制单元和转化器PLC控制的。其结构示于图3中。为了减少干扰，切换输入和隔离电路示于图4中。功率转换由电源装置中，触发模块和其他装置的。晶闸管控制角度被调整，以控制所述可变电抗变压器的二次线圈电流的大小。然后在光的电压被改变，以控制照明的照明。其结构示于图5中。B软件设计系统启动后，进入主菜单。根据设置按钮时，它进入子菜单以执行相应的模块的功能。外部实时信息连续地发送到SCM中。当满足一定的条件。一个模块的功能被执行。通常情况下，命令由而（1）循环运行执行。软件模块被示于下。系统模块主要由主程序模块，LCD模块，键盘扫描模块，日历/时钟芯片模块中，监控和降低计算机