湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷二.doc

湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷二Part I. Reading Comprehension. (40%)Section A: Fast Reading Directions: In this part, you will be asked to go over the passage quickly and then choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D for each question.What to Expect from College LifeCongratulations! Youve been accepted into college. Youre excited and maybe a little bit nervous. What can you expect? Read on for our advice. Prepare yourself for a new life at college Entering college is like starting a new phase of life where you have to learn to support yourself. You will have to adjust to your new surroundings, try to do everything by yourself and learn to stand on your own two feet. As you negotiate the ups and downs of student life, you will learn how to manage the situations that arise. Learn to enjoy the hardships We all know college life is wildly different from middle school. Its the place where teenagers become adults and academia meets society. Ideally, your time at college will help you mature physically and mentally, equip you with knowledge and prepare you for your professional career. Its a challenging process, so its not realistic to expect everything to always work in your favor. You wont win every prize and you wont be popular with all your classmates all the time. The set-backs and challenges like failure, betrayal and unjust treatment are just as important for your growth as the good times. Only once you have experienced these things will you know what society and life is like. Communicate with others College is just like a small society, so you have to communicate with your peers to make the most of your time. Social communication is easier to learn than technology. Smile at your classmates, show your concern and speak with them. Then they will be happy to help you in return. Take on your own responsibilities You are becoming a fully-functioning adult in society. Dont count on others to make decisions or plans for you. You are your own master. As an active student, you should plan your life and manage your study right from the start of your college life. Face up to your troubles bravely and dont run away. College is a very important time of your life and you should make the most of it. You will learn as much from the real world as you will from textbooks, as much from practice as theory. If you pay attention, you will acquire precious knowledge, goods sense, social experience and determination.1. How would you prepare for a new life at college?A. Learn to support yourself.B. Adjust to new environment.C. Try to be independent.D. All above.2.In college, the set-backs and_ are of equal importance for college studentsgrowth as the good times.A. failure B. betrayal C. challenges D. unjust treatment3. College life may help students_ physically and mentally, equip them with knowledge and get ready for their professional career.A. mature B. capable C. ambitious D. strong4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Entering college is like starting a new phase of life.B. You can win every prize and be popular with all your classmates all the time.C. Social communication is easier to learn than technology.D. You will learn as much from the real world as you will from textbooks.5. To be a fully-functioning adult in society, a college student should not count on others but take on their own_.A. decisions B. plans C. responsibilities D. futureSection B: Reading in DepthDirections: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Passage one As regards social conventions, we must say a word about the well/color-known English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less and less, and the class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speaking, it means there are two classes, the “middle class” and the “working class”. (We shall ignore for a moment the old “upper class”, including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their private life. The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of “received pronunciation” which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers of social equality in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a so-called “public school” immediately marks you out as one of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than working-class people, and are usually more cultured. Their midday meal is “lunch” and they have a rather formal evening meal called “dinner”, whereas the working mans dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper.As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. Working-class students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions, and working-class incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear.However, regardless of ones social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a labourer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word “sir”, except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used.6. The middle class mainly refers to people.A. who were born as aristocratB. who have the right to sit in the House of LordsC. who speak in many different local accentsD. who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions7. The most obvious difference between the working class and the middle class in English is their.A. dressB. workC. accentD. meal8. Why isnt the word sir commonly used in Britain?A. Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment.B. Because it can only be used in some certain occupations.C. Because it is an impolite word.D. Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person.9. The upper class in England today.A. are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to themB. still uses old words like Sir in their everyday lifeC. includes the hereditary aristocracyD. refers only to the royal family10. Which of the following is not true about the English class system?A. It is an embarrassing subject for English people.B. Working-class students cannot receive a university education.C. The class system is much less rigid than it was.D. The class system still exists below the surface.Passage twoOne of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University, the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it is measuring up. Like the Roman Catholic Church and other ancient institutions, it is asking - still in private rather than in public - whether its past assumptions about faculty, authority, admissions, courses of study, are really relevant to the problems of the 1990s. Should Harvard or any other university be an intellectual sanctuary, apart from the political and social revolution of the age, or should it be a laboratory for experimentation with these political and social revolutions; or even an engine of the revolution? This is what is being discussed privately in the big clapboard houses of faculty members around the Harvard Yard. The issue was defined by Waiter Lippmann, a distinguished Harvard graduate, several years ago. “If the universities are to do their work,” he said, “they must be independent and they must be disinterested They are places to which men can turn for judgements which are unbiased by partisanship and special interest. Obviously, the moment the universities fall under political control, or under the control of private interests, or the moment they themselves take a hand in politics and the leadership of government, their value as independent and disinterested sources of judgement is impaired.” This is part of the argument that is going on at Harvard today. Another part is the argument of the militant and even many moderate students: that a university is the keeper of our ideals and morals, and should not be “disinterested” but activist in bringing the nations ideals and actions together. Harvards men of today seem more troubled and less sure about personal, political and academic purpose than they did at the beginning. They are not even clear about how they should debate and resolve their problems, but they are struggling with them privately, and how they come out is bound to influence American university and political life in the 1990s. 11. The issues in the debate on Harvards goals are whether the universities should remain independent of our society and its problems, and whether they should . A. fight militarism B. overcome the widespread drug dependency C. take an active part in solving societys ills D. support our old and established institutions 12. In regard to their goals and purposes in life, the author believes that Harvard men are becoming .A. more sure about them B. less sure about them C. more hopeful of reaching a satisfactory answer D. completely disillusioned about ever 13. The word “paradox” in paragraph 1 is . A. a parenthetical expression B. a difficult puzzle C. an abnormal condition D. a self-contradiction 14. The word “sanctuary”in paragraph 3 is. A. a holy place dedicated to a certain god B. a temple or nunnery of middle age C. a certain place you can hide in and avoid mishaps D. an academy for intelligent people 15. In the authors judgement, the ferment going on at Harvard . A. is a sad symbol of our general bewilderment B. will soon be over, because times are bound to change C. is of interest mostly to Harvard men and their friends D. will influence future life in America Passage threeConsumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday .Among the reports more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings，a German fertilizer described itself as “ earthworm friendly”， a brand of flour said it was “non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally friendlier”The study was written and researched by Britains National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International. It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.“ While many good and useful claims are being made , it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,” said Consumers International director Anna Fielder .The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain. Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.The report focused on claims made by specific products , such as detergent (洗涤剂) insect sprays and by some garden products . It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999.Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.“Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing,” said report researcher Philip Page.“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73. The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading.” he said.The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be verified. “What we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.” said Page.16. According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that _A) all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standardsB) the claims made by products are often unclear or deceivingC) consumers would believe many of the manufactures claimD) few products actually prove to be environment friendly17. As indicated in this passage , with so many good claims , the consumers _A) are becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buyB) are still not willing to pay more for products with green labelingC) are becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the environmentD) still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment18. A study was carried out by Britains NCC to _A) find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental standardsB) inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buyC) examine claims made by products against ISO standardsD) revise the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization19. What is one of the consequences caused by the many claims of household products?A) They are likely to lead to serious environmental problemsB) Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the falseC) They could arouse widespread anger among consumerD) Consumers will be tempted to buy products they dont need20. It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer International wants to _.A) make product labeling satisfy ISO requirementsB) see all household products meet environmental standardsC) warn consumers of the danger of so-called green productsD) verify the efforts of non-polluting productsPart II. Choose the best answer. (10%)1.On New Years Eve, New York City holds an outdoor _ which attracts a crowd of a million or more people. A. incident B. event C. case D. affair2._ difficulties we may come across, well help one another to overcome them. A. Wherever B. Whatever C. However D. Whenever3. The hours_ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affected their relationship with real-life people. A. in which B. on which C. when D. that4. Without proper lessons, you could _ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano. A. keep up B. pick up C. draw up D. catch up5. If this kind of fish becomes _, future generations may never taste it at all. A. minimum B. short C. seldom D. scarce6. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _ in broad daylight yesterday. A. being robbed B. having been robbed C. to have been robbed D. robbed7. _ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldnt go on with the experiment. A. Since B. For C. As D. With8. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life _: 77.2 years. A. scope B. rank C. span D. scale9. We hadnt met for 20 years, but I recognized her _ I saw her. A. for the moment B. the moment when C. at the moment when D. the moment10.Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak _ Chinese. A. smooth B. fluent C. fluid D. flowing11. There is no _ to the house from the main road. A. access B. avenue C. exposure D. edge12. The _ stuck on the envelope says “By Air”. A. diagram B. label C. signal D. mark13. Reading _ the lines, I would say that the Government are more worried than they will admit. A. behind B. between C. along D. among14. Things might have been much worse if the mother _ on her rig