Disaster 自然灾害英文介绍原创.ppt

NaturalDisaster EarthquakeVolcanoeruptionTyphoonForestfireTsunamiPlague 1 Earthquake 2 HowHarmfulEarthquakeis 20085 12WenchuanEarthquake magnitude8 0Morethan69000died18000disappearedDirecteconomylost 845billion 2020 4 8 3 20113 14JapanEarthquake magnitude9 0Morethan14 000died10 000disappearedMorethan11 000becomehomelessNuclearleak 核泄漏 2020 4 8 4 BasicKnowledgeaboutEarthquake Earthquake resultofasuddenreleaseofenergyintheEarthCrust 地壳 thatcreatesseismicwaves 地震波 Measuredbyenergyitreleased Richtermagnitudescale 里氏地震级 2020 4 8 5 TypesofEarthquake Fault 断层 types normal reverse thrust andstrike slip Depthofearthquakeoccurring Shallow focus lessthan70km mid focus 70 300km deep focus 300to700km 2020 4 8 6 ShakingandgroundruptureLandslidesandavalanches 山体滑坡 雪崩 FiresSoilliquefaction 地陷 Tsunami 海啸 Floods EffectsofEarthquake 2020 4 8 7 Earthquakesafetytips Ifyouareindoors staythere Quicklymovetoasafelocationintheroomsuchasunderastrongdesk astrongtable oralonganinteriorwall Ifyouarecooking turnoffthestoveandtakecover Ifyouareoutdoors movetoanopenareaIfyouaredriving slowdownsmoothlyandstoponthesideoftheroad 2020 4 8 8 Thanks 2020 4 8 9 Volcanoeruption 10 11 TheWordVolcano ThewordvolcanocomesfromtheRomangodoffire Vulcan Structureofvolcano 单击此处添加内容 TypesofVolcanoes 单击此处添加内容 单击此处添加标题 单击此处添加内容 单击此处添加标题 单击此处添加内容 Below MountKilauea Hawaii CinderVolcanoes 单击此处添加内容 CompositeVolcanoes 单击此处添加内容 VolcanoHazards 单击此处添加内容 Volcanobenefits 黑曜石 浮石 熔岩中的气体嗝 火山温泉 羊八井地热站 VolcanoinChina 单击此处添加内容 云南腾冲火山国家地质公园 长白山天池火山 台湾龟山岛火山 海南琼北火山 Volcanoinuniverse Question Whatisthebiggest shield volcanoinourSolarSystem Answer OlympusMons onplanetMars 珠穆朗玛峰和OlympusMons规模比较 Volcanoinuniverse 珠穆朗玛峰和OlympusMons规模比较 THANKYOU Typhone 25 Typhoon 26 TheNameof Typhoon TyphoonisfromGreekword typhein meaning tosmoke InGreekmythology typheinisGaia sson whichisaMonsterwithonehundredheads 27 Differentcalls Therearemanycallsof Typhoon indifferentplaces WesternNorthPacificandSouthChinaSeacalled Typhoon WesternAtlantic Caribbean GulfofMexicoandtheeasternNorthPacificcalled Hurricanes IndianOcean Cyclone Philippinescalled Baguio Australianaboriginescalledthetyphoon Willy Willy 28 TheFormofTyphoon Sixmainrequirementsfortyphoonformationanddevelopment sufficientlywarmseasurfacetemperaturesatmosphericinstabilityhighhumidityinthelowertomiddlelevelsofthetroposphereenoughCoriolisforcetodevelopalowpressurecenterapre existinglowlevelfocusordisturbancelowverticalwindshear 29 PeakMonthesandtheLandingArea ThetyphoonsofChinamostlycomefromthenorthwesternPacificocean ThelandingtimemostlyfromJulytoNovember TheearlistonewouldlandinMay whilethelastoneofenoccursinDecember ThelandingareaisalmostthroughouttheentirecoastalareaofChina especillyinSoutheastChina Guangdongisacoastalregionwiththehighestnumberoftyphoon followedbyTaiwan Hainan FujianandZhejiang 30 TheDestructionfromTyphoon 31 32 33 34 35 TheDestructionfromTyphoon CausewaterloggingandfloodingTrafficgridlockInundatedfarmland grainreductioninproductionorcropsDestructionofthepowersupplysystem resultinginpoweroutagesDestructionofurbangreensystem 36 Name 10typhoonnamespresentedbytheChinese DragonKing Sun monkey rabbit petrels Aeolus Poseidon Rhododendron electricmother hippocampus begonia 龙王 孙 悟空 玉兔 海燕 风神 海神 杜鹃 电母 海马 海棠Thesenamesshowfewdisastermeanings Onthecontrast mostofthenarewithmeaningofcivilizationandpeace suchasjasmine rose pearls lotus cloudsandsoon Whenthetyphoonmakesseriousdamageinsomeareas thecountryorregioncanpresentanewnameinstead 37 ForestFire 38 ForestFire 39 Typesofforestfire surfacefire 地表火 canopyfire 林冠火 subsurfacefire 地下火 40 Factorscoexistinforestfire combustibles 可燃物 ignitionsources 火源 oxygen naturalman made organicmaterial notlessthan18 volcaniceruption lightningfire 41 Relatedfactors weatherterrains 地形 sunnyslope 阳坡 steephill 陡坡 forestland 林地 hightemperaturecontinuousdroughtstrongwinds 42 Regularityofoutbreak periodical 周期性 annual dryyears seasonal winter daily midday 43 Influenceandprevention airenvironmentecologicalsystemsocialstability monitoringtechnologysatelliteremotesensingman sconsciousness 44 Tsunami 45 Tsunami Whatis tsunami Thegreatwaves tsunami isaseriesoftravelingoceanwavesofextremelylonglengthgeneratedbyearthquakesoccurringbloworneartheocean submarinelandslidesanderuptions 46 Damage APacific widetsunamigeneratedbythe1960ChileEarthquake TheGreatAlaskanEarthquakeof1964produceddeadlytsunamiwavesinAlaska OregonandCalifornia 47 in1992and1993over2 000peoplewerekilledbytsunamisoccurringinNicaragua IndonesiaandJapan 2004IndianOceantsunamithe killingaround230 000people 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 WhatCauseTsunamis earthquakessubmarinelandslidessubmarinevolcaniceruptionsalargemeteorite 陨石 impactintheoceanunderwatervolcaniceruptionandlandslides 55 TsunamiWarningCenters TheAlaskaTsunamiWarningCenter ATWC inPalmer Alaska ThePacificTsunamiWarningCenter PTWC inEwaBeach Hawaii ThePacificTsunamiWarningSystem PTWS OtherNationaltsunamiwarningcenters 56 WhatYouShouldDo Followtheadviceofteachersandotherschoolpersonnel inschool Moveintheevacuationsiteortoanysafeplace Followtheadviceoflocalemergencyandlawenforcementauthorities athome Moveimmediatelytohigherground DONOTwaitforatsunamiwarningtobeannounced atthebeachorneartheocean 57 Tips Shouldnotletthisnaturalhazarddiminishyourenjoymentofthebeachandocean 58 Theend Thankyou 59 Plague 60 61 62 Plague 瘟疫 isanepidemic 传染病 ofinfectiousdiseasethatisspreadingthroughhumanpopula tionsacrossalargeregion forinstancemultiplecontinents orevenworldwide Awidespreadendemicdiseasethatisstableintermsofhowmanypeoplearegettingsickfromitisnotapandemic 63 Theemergenceoftheepidemicshallmeetthefollowingconditions 1 Anewpathogenappearsinthecrowd 2 Thepathogencauseinfectionandseriousmedicalproblems 3 ThepathogensisInfectious particularlyamonghumans 64 Pandemicsandnotableepidemicsthroughhistory 1 PlagueofAthens430BC TyphoidfeverkilledaquarteroftheAtheniantroops andaquarterofthepopulationoverfouryears 65 2 PlagueofJustinianfrom541to750 wasthefirstrecordedoutbreakofthebubonicplague ItcausedEurope spopulationtodropbyaround50 between550and700million 66 3 BlackDeathstarted14thcentury Thetotalnumberofdeathsworldwideisestimatedat75millionpeople ItwasthefirstofacycleofEuropeanplagueepidemicsthatcontinueduntilthe18thcentury 67 4 Smallpox Thediseasekilledanestimated40millionEuro peansperyearduringtheclosingyearsofthe18thcentury Duringthe20thcentury itisestimatedthatsmallpoxwasresponsiblefor300 500milliondeaths 68 4 Smallpox Thediseasekilledanestimated40millionEuro peansperyearduringtheclosingyearsofthe18thcentury Duringthe20thcentury itisestimatedthatsmallpoxwasresponsiblefor300 500milliondeaths 69 Currentpandemics HIVandAIDS HIV thevirusthatcausesAIDS iscurrentlyapandemic ItspreadtotheUnitedStatesandmuchoftherestoftheworldbeginningaround1969 70 SARS SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome BetweenNov