高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础训练16.doc

广东四会县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解基础训练【长春市普通高中2016届高三质量监测（二）A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Its hard to talk to dad sometimes. His silence about his feelings and thoughts made him mysterious and hard to see through. You could never break his hard shell and get to know him. And he seemed to want to stay that way too.But a year ago when my relationship with my wife and career took a hit, I needed my dad to pull back the curtain soI could see him as real and accessible. I was facing serious problems, and I wanted to know whether he had faced them before and how he had found his way, because I felt like I had lost mine. In desperation, it occurred to me that sending an email might be the key, so I wrote him one, telling him about my regrets and fears, and I asked him to answer, if he felt like it.Two weeks later, it showed up in my inbox: a much-thought, three-page letter. Dad, a 68-year-old retired technologist and grandfather of four, had carefully considered my message, and crafted a response. He mentioned his lost love, the foolish mistake he made in career and the stupid pride he had between him and his parents. He comforted me that “life will still find its right track despite many of its twists and turns.”I closed the email and started to cry, because I wished I had opened up earlier but was grateful it wasnt too late. I cried because at 33, in the midst of my own struggles, his letter instantly put me at ease. And I cried because in the end, it was so simple: I just had to hit “Send.”Weve since had many email exchanges. This increasing communication opened a door into his world. My problems havent been magically solved, but getting to know my dad better has made the tough stuff more manageable and life sweeter. Its hard to talk to dads sometimes, but Im glad I found a way to talk to mine.1. The authors dad can be best described as _.A. quiet and caringB. optimistic and carelessC. selfish and lonelyD. indifferent and serious2. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by “_”.A. draw the curtainB. become more optimisticC. show his true selfD. clear the misunderstanding3. Which of the following is NOT true?A. My dads email was quickly written.B. I was moved when reading the email.C. The email contained much information.D. I wished I could have consulted him earlier.4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Communication Is the Best PolicyB. Emails From My DadC. A Man of Few WordsD. My Mysterious DadA篇：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了父子通过邮件，最终打开心扉彼此交流的故事。1.A【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。【试题解析】由文章第一段 “His silence about his feelings and thoughts made him mysterious and hard to see through” 得知，父亲言语不多。且从后文可知，父亲对儿子的困难尽心解答，答案为A。2.C【命题立意】词义推断题。考查学生根据上下文语句推断生词含义的能力。【试题解析】根据文章第二段第二行”pull back the curtain”的目的是”so I can see him as real and accessible”可知，划线短语含义应为C “展示出真实的自己”。3.A【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。【试题解析】根据文章第三段第一句“a much-thought letter”得知，父亲的邮件是经过深思熟虑写成，因此A项错误。答案为A。4.B【命题立意】主旨要义题。考查学生领会文章主旨大义、概括主题的能力。【试题解析】全文叙述的是通过一封封邮件，父子得以沟通，关系变得融洽。答案为B。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (=drink) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw material for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound end up buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic.Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence post, paint brushes, etc.As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.Shrinking landfill space and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste-management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and reduces the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.6. What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?A. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.D. Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.7 The returned plastic bottles in New York used to .A. be turned into raw materialsB. be separated from other rubbish C. have a second-life valueD. end up somewhere underground8. The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is .A. how to reduce their recycling costsB. to sell them at a profitable priceC. how to turn them into useful thingsD. to lower the prices for used materials9. Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because .A. recycling causes little pollutionB. other methods are more expensiveC. recycling has great appeal for the joblessD. local governments find it easy to manage10 It can be concluded from the passage that .A.recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentallyB. local governments in the U. S. can expect big profits from recyclingC. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materialsD. landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal 全解全析本文讲美国纽约1993年颁布法令要求商场就饮料瓶对顾客收费后的执行情况。C 推理判断题。由第一段第一句和第二句可推知。D 细节理解题。由第一段第三句中的but分句可知。C 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句和第三段第二句可知。B 细节理解题。由最后一段第二句可知。A 推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可推知。【2014高考英语二诊考试】 请阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Coffee is a powerful beverageOn a personal level，it helps keep US awake and activeOn a much broader level，it has helped shape our history and continues to shape our cultureCoffee didnt take off until the l400s when people figured out they could roast its seedsBy the l500s，the drink had spread to coffeehouses across the Arab worldWithin another l50 years，it took Europe by storm“It actually had a major impact on the rise of business，” historian Mark Pendergrast saysCoffeehouses became a spot not just to enjoy a cup but to exchange ideasThe insurer Lloyds of London was founded hundreds of years ago in one of Londons 2,000 coffeehousesLiterature，newspapers and even the works of great composers like Bach and Beethoven were also spawned(涌现)in coffeehousesIt is often said that after the Boston Tea Party of l773，when American colonists attacked British tea ships and threw boxes of tea into the harbor，Americans universally switched over to drinking coffeeIn a letter John Adams wrote to his wife，Abigail，the Founding Father claims his love of tea but says he will have to learn to embrace coffee instead，because drinking tea had become a symbol of not loving the countryFor all the upsides coffee has brought the modern world，it also led to its fair share of downsides，tooEuropeans carried coffee with them as they colonized various parts of the world，and this frequently meant they enslaved people in order to grow itIn Brazil where slavery was legal until l888 coffee plantations would use slash-and-burn agriculture，tearing down rain forests and planting coffee treesOnce the soil had been exhausted，growers would move on to another placeAnd yet，coffee，as Pendergrast says，”had a very good impact in many ways on our civilization，even though it was，for a long time，grown by slaves”48Why did people enjoy going to coffeehouses? ABecause it was a fashion to drink coffee BBecause coffeehouses provided a better flavor CBecause they could stay awake and active there DBecause they could exchange ideas there49What can we learn from the fourth paragraph? AAmerican colonists made great profits by trading in coffee BTea was regarded as a symbol of loving ones country CCoffee became very popular after the incident in Boston DJohn Adams was the Founding Father of the Tea Party50In the fifth paragraphthe writer points out that _ .ACoffee plantation was closely connected with slavery Bcoffee plantation led to outdated agriculture in Brazil Cslavery in Brazil had been against the law until l888 Dslavery was responsible for the damage to rainforests 5 1What is mainly talked about in this passage? ASome interesting stories about coffee culture BImportant Roles that coffee played in history CHow coffee became the most popular beverage DHow coffee affected Americas independence【参考答案】4851、DCAB 【2014高考英语二诊考试】 请阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things，from puns (双关语) to pratfalls? Why are some things funny to some people and not to others? How is that while a successful joke can cause pleasure，a sick one can cause serious harm? Over the centuries，various scholars have attempted to produce a universally agreed-upon theory of humorPlato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(优越感) theory，the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of othersTheir theory seems to explain teasing，but it doesnt work well for knock-knock jokesSigmund Freud argued for his relief theory，the concept that humor is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desiresHis theory works well for dirty jokes，less well for most puns The majority of humor expels today agree with the incongruity theory，the idea that humor arises when theres a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happensIncongruity has a lot going for it jokes with unexpected funny lines，for example，fit wellBut scientists have found that in comedy，unexpectedness is overvalued With the goal of developing a new，more satisfactory explanation，I produced “the gentle violation(违背)theory”，the idea that humor arises when something seems wrong or threatening，but is actually OK or safeA dirty joke，for example，trades on moral or social violations，but its only going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consider the subject OK to talk aboutSimilarly，puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense And while most humor theories have struggled to account for tickling (挠痒痒)，or just avoided the phenomenon altogether，my theory accounts for even this kind of laughterTickling involves violating someones physical space in a gentle wayPeople cant tickle themselves because it isnt a violation52What is the authors attitude towards Plato and Aristotles theory? ACriticalBApprovingCuncaringDUnclear53 According to Sigmund Freuds theory，we can infer that _ . Apeople will laugh when they see others suffer Btelling dirty jokes is a relief of ones nervous feelings Cunexpectedness can explain how humor works Dtickling doesnt involve psychological tension54According to the author，why are some things funny to some people but not to others? ABecause the sense of humor varies greatly from person to person BBecause people have different expectations for the same thing CBecause some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart DBecause peoples understanding of violation is different55What is the authors main purpose of writing this passage? ATo draw peoples attention to the research of humor BTo criticize peoples misconceptions about humor CTo explain what exactly causes people to laugh DTo prove the sense of humor can be developed【参考答案】5255、ABDC阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a long-armed Lander on Mars icy North Pole to search for clues for water and possible signs of life.The $386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008. The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of ice-rich soil near the arctic surface. Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes existed in the ice.Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. “The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth,” Peter Smith said. True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999. The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planets south pole after its rocket engine shut off prematurely, causing the spa