运动系统词汇英汉翻译.docx

运动系统词汇英汉翻译LocomotorSystem 运动系统osteology 骨学skeleton 骨骼bone 骨diaphysis 骨干epiphysis骨骺metaphysis 干骺端medullary cavity 髓腔epiphyseal cartilage 骺软骨epiphyseal line 骺线compact （or dense） bone 骨密质spongy （or cancellous） bone 骨松质diploe 板障periosteum 骨膜bone marrow 骨髓vertebra 椎骨vertebral column 脊柱atlas 寰椎axis 枢椎cervical vertebra 颈椎thoracic vertebra 胸椎lumbar vertebra 腰椎sacrum 骶骨coccyx 尾骨sternum 胸骨manubrium 胸骨柄body of the sternum 胸骨体xiphoid process 剑突sternal angle 胸骨角jugular notch 颈静脉切迹rib 肋骨costal arch 肋弓skull（or cranium） 颅frontal bone 额骨occipital bone 枕骨sphenoid bone 蝶骨temporal bone 颞骨parietal bone 顶骨ethmoid bone 筛骨inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲lacrimal bone 泪骨nasal bone 鼻骨vomer 犁骨maxilla 上颌骨palatine bone 腭骨zygomatic bone 颧骨mandible 下颌骨hyoid bone 舌骨inion（or external occipital protuberance） 枕外隆突superior nuchal line 上项线groove for superior sagittal sinus 上矢状窦沟anterior cranial fossa 颅前窝cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone 筛板middle cranial fossa 颅中窝hypophyseal fossa 垂体窝optic canal 视神经管dorsum sellae 鞍背foramen lacerum 破裂孔foramen rotundum 圆孔forame novale 卵圆孔foramen spinosum 棘孔superior orbital fissure 眶上裂posterior cranial fossa 颅后窝forame nmagnum 枕骨大孔hypoglossal canal 舌下神经管jugular foramen 颈静脉孔internal occipital protuberance 枕内隆突groove for transverse sinus 横窦沟groove for sigmoid sinus 乙状窦沟carotid canal 颈动脉管styloid process 茎突stylomastoid foramen 茎乳孔pterion 翼点infratemporal fossa 颞下窝pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窝orbit 眶supraorbital foramen （or notch） 眶上孔（或切迹）infraorbital foramen 眶下孔mental foramen 颏孔lacrimal sac 泪囊nasolacrimal canal 鼻泪管superior （middle，and inferior） nasal meatus 上（中、下）鼻道paranasal sinus 鼻旁窦maxillary sinus 上颌窦fonticuli （or fontanelles） 颅囟clavicle 锁骨scapula 肩胛骨humerus 肱骨radius 桡骨ulna 尺骨carpus 腕骨metacarpus 掌骨phalanges 指骨、趾骨hipbone 髋骨acetabulum 髋臼ilium 髂骨ischium 坐骨pubis 耻骨pelvis 骨盆femur 股骨patella 髌骨tibia 胫骨fibula 腓骨tarsus 跗骨talus 距骨calcaneus 跟骨metatarsus 跖骨fibrousjoint 纤维连结syndesmosis 韧带连结suture 缝cartilage joint 软骨连结synovial joint 滑膜关结articular surface 关节面articular capsule 关节囊articular cavity 关节腔ligament 韧带articular disc 关节盘articular labrum 关节唇flexion 屈extension 伸adduction 收abduction 展rotation 旋转circumduction 环转pronation 旋前supination 旋后eversion 外翻inversion 内翻dorsiflexion 背屈plantarfiexion跖屈intervertebral disc 椎间盘fiavum ligament 黄韧带thoracic cage 胸廓temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节shoulder joint 肩关节glenoid labrum 盂唇elbow joint 肘关节anular ligament of radius 桡骨环状韧带proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺近侧关节distal radioulnar jojnt 桡尺远侧关节wrist joint （or radiocarpal joint） 腕关节（桡腕关节）flexor retinaculum 屈肌支持带extensor retinaculum 伸肌支持带carpometacarpal joint 腕掌关节metacarpophalangeal joint 掌指关节interphalangeal joint 指间关节pubic symphysis 耻骨联合sacroiliac joint 骶髂关节sacrotuberous ligament 骶结节韧带sacrospinous ligament 骶棘韧带hip joint 髋关节tere ligament of head of femur 股骨头韧带knee joint 膝关节cruciate ligament of knee 膝关节的交叉韧带lateral meniscus 外侧半月板medial meniscus 内侧半月板ankle joint 踝关节arch of the foot 足弓muscle 肌肉tendon 肌腱aponeurosis 腱膜fascia 筋膜superficial fascia 浅筋膜deep fascia 深筋膜tendon sheath 腱鞘fibrous tendon sheath 腱纤维鞘synovial tendon sheath 腱滑膜鞘latissimus dorsi muscle 背阔肌trapezius muscle 斜方肌erector spinae muscle 竖脊肌platysma 颈阔肌sternocleidomastoid muscle 胸锁乳突肌scaleni muscles 斜角肌pectoralis major muscle 胸大肌pectoralis minor muscle 胸小肌serratus anterior muscle 前锯肌diaphragm 膈肌obliquus externus abdominis muscle 腹外斜肌obliquus internus abdominis muscle 腹内斜肌transvers usabdonminis muscle 腹横肌masticatory muscles 咀嚼肌facial muscles 面肌deltoid muscle 三角肌biceps brachii muscle 肱二头肌triceps brachii muscle 肱三头肌pronator teres muscle 旋前圆肌flexor carpi radialis muscle 桡侧腕屈肌palmaris longus muscle 掌长肌flexor carpi ulnaris muscle 尺侧腕屈肌flexor digitorum superiicialis muscle 指浅屈肌flexor digitorum profundus muscle 指深屈肌flexor pollicis longus muscle 拇长屈肌pronator quadratus muscle 旋前方肌extensor carpi radialis longus muscle 桡侧腕长伸肌extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle 桡侧腕短伸肌extensor digitorum muscle 指伸肌supinator muscle 旋后肌thenar muscles 鱼际肌hypothenar muscles 小鱼际肌lumbrical muscle 蚓状肌interosseus muscle 骨间肌gluteus maximus musele 臀大肌piriformis muscle 梨状肌q