高中英语 Unit 9 Lesson 36 Car Culture课件 北师大版必修3.ppt

lesson36carculture doyouknowhowmanycarsareonroadeveryday whatishappeningonroadeveryminute arecarsgoodorbad herewe llreadanarticleabouttrafficinbritainandtalkabouttrafficproblems withtheimprovementoflivingconditions moreandmorepeoplehavetheirowncars asaresult therearemorecarsareonroads andmorehighwaysorexpresswaysarebuilt goodorbad talkabouttrafficproblemswithyourfriends makeaminisurveyinyourgrouptocollectinformationoftrafficconditionsinyourcity usethekeywordsinexercise2 interviewyourclassmatesaboutthegeneralconditionsofthetrafficinyourcity thefollowingisforyourreference a doyouhaveacar b yes myfamilyhasacar a howoftendoyoutravelinyourowncar b everyday a howdoyouuseyourcar forlongjourneysorshortones b oftenshortones forexample myfathergoestowork mymothergoesshopping origotoschool a haveyoueverthoughtwhatwouldhappenontheroadsifeverybodytravelinhisowncar b oh trafficinourcity trafficjamsoftenoccuronhighwayswherevertwolanesmustmergeintoone lanesofcarscannotmergeiftherearenolargegapsbetweencars therefore driverswhocreatelargegapsbetweencarswilleasethistypeoftrafficjam whenandhowdoesatrafficjamhappen readthefirstpartofthearticle onpage42 tolearnaboutthetrafficinbritain takenoteswhilereading workinpairsaskingandansweringquestionsaboutwhatyouhavejustread howmanypeoplehaveyoulearnedfromtheconversationmetwithtrafficjamsthatmorning whatdoa10 m11andm25mean whatisthemaincauseoftrafficjamsorroadaccidents whatdoesthewritercomplainabout howcanthewriterrelateglobalwarmingandclimatechangewithtraffic readthesecondpartofthearticle onpage43 takingnoteswhilereading jennytrown sadviceonhowtosolvetrafficproblems useyourlegs savemoney keepfit shortjourneystakeupover25 askandanswerquestionsaccordingwhatyouhavejustreadabout whatexcusesdosomepeoplegiveforusingtheirowncarsomuch whataretheadvantagesofbusesovercars howcanyoupersuadeothertoshareacarwithyou whatistheeffectofadvertisementsonpeople whatdoyouthinkofjennytrowe sadvice talkinyourgroupaboutthetrafficproblemsinyourtownorcityinthepast3years remembertotakenotesofimportantinformation toeaseajam bigcitiesarefacedwithserioustrafficproblems thereareoftentrafficjams whenyouaretrappedinatrafficjam thefollowingadvicemaybehelpful maintainalargespaceaheadofyourcar encourageone twoeventhreecarstomergeaheadofyou iftrafficslowstoacompletestop keeptwocar lengthsofspaceopenaheadofyou never punish mergingdriversbyclosingyourgap trafficproblemsinbigcities readandlearnabouttrafficproblemsinsomebigcities losangelestopslistfordriversgettingstuckfuming collegestation texas cnn trafficjamsintheunitedstatesarecostingamericans 68billioneachyearinwastedtimeandfuel accordingtoanewreport basedontheanalysisof75u s cities theannualurbanmobilityreportfromthetexastransportationinstitutefindstheaveragerush hourdriver notjustcommuters butalldrivers wastesabout62hoursintrafficeachyear that snottotaltraveltime that sjusttheextratimespentgoingsloworgoingnowherebecauseoftrafficcongestion byseveralmeasures thereportfoundlosangeleshadtheworsttraffic thereportstatedthattheaveragelosangelesrush hourdriverwasted136hoursayearinsloworstoppedtraffic therunner upmetroareasinthistime drainingcategory sanfrancisco california washington seattle washington houston texas sanjose california dallas texas newyork atlanta georgia andmiami florida thereportalsomeasuredcitiesaccordingtoatraveltimeindex whichlookedathowmuchsloweraparticulartriptakesduringrushhourcomparedwiththesametripdrivenwhentrafficisflowingfreely losangelestoppedthatlist too thestudysaidarushhourtripinlosangelestakesanaverage90percentlongerthanthesametripduringanon rushhourperiod therunner upmetroareasinthiscategory sanfrancisco california chicago washington seattle washington miami florida boston massachusetts sanjose california denver colorado andnewyork thestudyalsofoundthatrushhoursarelastinglonger in1982 thereportfoundtrafficwascongestedabout4 5hoursadayforthe75citiesstudied in2000 trafficwascongestedanaverageofsevenhoursaday allofthisdemandcan tbehandledinthe rush hourlikeitusedtobe sotrafficspillsover trailsoverintootherhours saidtimlomax oneofthereport sleadauthors andthat sspreadingtomoreoftheurbanizedareas soinsteadofjusttheareainthebeltwaybeingcongested it salotmorethanthatnow lomaxsaidroadsandalternativeslikepublictransportationandtelecommutingaren tkeepingpacewiththeincreasednumberofmilespeoplearedriving whichiscausingthecongestion intheaverageu s city peopletraveled85percentmoremilesbycarintheyear2000thantheydidin1982 there sacombinationoffactors theamountofpeople theamountofroadwaythatisthere lomaxsaid it ssortofasupplydemandrelationship youcanthinkofi