被动语态课件4VIP

ThePassiveVoice 一 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的 英语中有两种语态 主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 即行为动作的对象 语态概述 2 TheymaketrainsinZhuzhou 主动语态 e g 1 Thefarmersgrowcottoneveryyear 主动语态 Cottonisgrownbythefarmerseveryyear 被动语态 TrainsaremadeinZhuzhou 被动语态 主动语态和被动语态结构的转换 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语被动语态 例 Wecleanourclassroomeveryday 主动 注意 把主动语态改为被动语态时 句子的时态不能变 如上例 所给的主动句子是一般现在时 改为被动语态时 也要用一般现在时 如果主动句中的主语是人称代词 改为被动句时作介词by的宾语 要用宾格 如上例中的主语we改为us 主语 by 宾语 be 过去分词 Ourclassroom iscleaned byus everyday 被动 了解被动语态 被动语态构成 be P P 人称 数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的 归纳总结方法 把主动语态改为被动语态可按 来进行 即 变 把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语 把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语 套 根据原句的时态套用相应时态 注意 注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题 例 ManypeoplespeakEnglish Englishbymanypeople Hewashedhisshoesyesterday Hisshoesbyhimyesterday isspoken werewashed 一变 二套 三注意 1 HeteachesEnglishinourschool Englishistaughtinourschoolbyhim 语态转换 一般现在时的被动语态 am is are p p TheyplayfootballonSundays Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK FootballisplayedbythemonSundays ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK 趁热打铁 2 Weplantedmanytreeslastyears Manytreeswereplantedbyuslastyear 一般过去时的被动语态 was were P P Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow Theyplantedmanytreesmanyyearsago Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow Manytreeswereplantedbythemmanyyearsago 趁热打铁 3 Weshouldplantmanymoretrees Manymoretreesshouldbeplantedbyus 含情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 be P P 1 Hecantakecareofthebaby 2 Youmustturnoffthelights 3 Jimcoulddoityesterday Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday 趁热打铁 4 ShewillteachClass6 Class6willbetaughtbyher 将来时的被动语态 Will shall begoingto be PP 现在进行时的被动语态 am is are being pp 5 SheisteachingClass6 Class6isbeingtaughtbyher 6 ManystudentswerereadingEnglishbooksat7 00yeaterdaymorning Englishbookswerebeingreadbymanystudentsat7 00yesterdaymorning 过去进行时的被动语 was were being P P 7 Manycountrieshavesentupsatellitesintospace Satelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries 现在完成时的被动语 have has been P P 8 WehadlearndaboutonethousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm Aboutonethousandwordshadbeenlearndbyusbytheendoflastterm 过去完成时的被动语 had been P P Iwasgivenabookbyher Abookwasgiventomebyher 9 Shegavemeabook 如遇双宾语 最好变间宾 如若变直宾 间宾前to for pass lend buy write bring show tell 10 Hemademedothework Iwasmadetodotheworkbyhim 这些动词真奇怪 主动句中to离开 被动句中to回来 feel listento hear lethave make lookat see watch 11 Theytakegoodcareofthebaby Thebabyistakengoodcareofbythem 注意 含动词词组的被动语态 须将其看作一个整体 不可把它们分隔开来 2 一般过去时 was were P P 3 情态动词 be P P 4 一般将来时 will shall be p p 5 现在进行时态 am is are being P P6 过去进行时态 was were being p p 形式 1 一般现在时 am is are P P 7 现在完成时 have has been P P8 过去完成时 had been p p 1 Stamps bypeopleforsendingletters A useB usingC usedD areused 2 Mustoldpeople topolitely A speakB spokenC bespokeD bespoken3 Bikemustn t everywhere A beupB beputC putC putting4 Thewomanfelloffthebikeand ontheroad A layB waslainC liedD haslain D D B A 5 Theoldmanandthechildren inourcountry A musttakegoodcare B mustbetakegoodcareofC musttakegoodcareofDmustbetakengoodcareof6 Alltreesmust wellwhenitisdry A bewaterB wateringC waterD bewatered7 Ithinktheshop No it sopen It atsix close closeBclosed closedC closed closesD isclosed closes D D D 8 anewlibrary inourschoollastyear A Is builtB Was bulitC Does buildD Did build9 Cotton inthesoutheastofChina A isgrownB aregrownC growsD grow10 Sofar themoon bymanalready A isvisitedB willbevisitedC hasbeenvisitedD wasvisited11 AtalkonChinesehistory intheschoolhallnextweek A isgivenB hasbeengivenC willbegivenD gives B A C C 将下列句子变为被动语态 每空一词 1 Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays Thework intwodays 2 TheyproducesilkinSuzhou Silk inSuzhou 3 ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong AnEnglishsong bythechildren 4 Youneedn tdoitnow It byyounow 5 LucysentmeaNewYearCardlastweek ANewYearCard mebyLucylastweek 6 Hemademedothatforhim I thatforhim 7 Ihavegiventhisbooktothelibrary Thisbook tothelibrary canbefinished isproduced willbesung needn tbedone wassentto wasmadetodo hasbeengiven 中考实战题练兵 A Fillintheblankswiththerightformsoftheverbsgiven 1 Lastmonth inthefirstmatchofthe17thWorldCup France beat 0 1byanewteam Senegal 2009南京市 2 Nodictionaryshould bring totheEnglishexam boysandgirls 2009连云港市 3 Thatdayeachofus give tendollarsafterwefinishthework 2009连云港市 4 They warn nottotouchthemachinewhiletheywerevisitingtheworkshop 2009吉林 wasbeaten bebrought willbegiven werewarned B MultipleChoice 1 Idon tknowtheschool butit stobequiteagoodone 2009苏州市 A toldB spokenC talkedD said2 Pleasedon tstandupinclassuntilyou 2009泰州市 A weretoldtoB aretoldtoC weretoldD aretold3 Thedoctorwilloperateonhimatonceassoonashe thehospital 2009常州市 A issenttoB willbetakentoC leavesD doesn treturn4 Themedicinecool cleananddry 2009天津市 A mustkeepB mustbekeptC mustbecarriedD mustbein B A B D Writing 看图 写一篇以HowtoPlantaTree 为题目的短文 要求内容齐全 上下文连贯 展开合理想象 词数 60 80 尽可能的使用被动语态 参考 THANKS 在被动语态中要注意的问题 在上面我们已经初步了解了被动语态的构成和主动变被动的方法 下面我们接着学习在被动语态中要注意的问题 一些使役动词 let have make等 或感观动词 see hear watch notice等 在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to 但改为被动语态时 要补上to 如 Thebossmakestheworkerswork18hoursaday Isawhimenterthehouse CTheteacherletthemleavetheclassroomafterclass D Wehearhersingintheroomeveryday 注意 当使用see hear watchsbdoingsth时 变为被动语态时 doing保持不变 如 Isawhimgoingintotheshop 主动 含有短语的被动语态结构 一般来说 只有及物动词才有被动语态 因为只有及物动词才有承受者 但许多不及物动词加上副词或介词构成动词短语也相当于及物动词的用法 可以带宾语 因而也有被动语态 动词短语主要有三种 A及物动词 副词如 turnoff setup carryout putoff takeaway turnon handin moveaway passon writedown putaway puton takedown sendaway tryon putdown sellout holdon tryout sendup takeoff wearout wakeup takeout dressup giveback workout getback findout pickup giveup pullup putup等B不及物动词 介词如 lookaftertalkaboutplaywith等 C 动词 名词 介词 构成的短语 如 takecareof payattentionto makeuseof等动词短语是不可分割的整体 在变被动语态时 不可丢掉构成动词短语的副词或介词 请看下面的例子 Theysetupthefactoryin2000 OurschoolwillputofftheSchoolSportsmeetinguntilDecember Peoplehavetalkedabouttheaccident Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourstudythisyear 带有介词或副词的动词短语 在改为被动语态时 不能把介词或副词 带有双宾语的被动结构在句中的使用 有些动词可以带两个宾语 即指人的间宾和指物的直宾 可以将其中一个宾语提到前面做主语 另一个留在后面 Herparentsboughtheranewcomputeryesterday Theyhavegivenmesomegoodadvice ShewillwritealonglettertoDavidSmith buysthforsb givesthtosb 带双宾语的动词主要有以下几个 give buy sell take bring make hand pass keep send等带双宾语的动词 改为被动语态 当用直接宾语作主语时 要根据动词的习惯配搭 要在间接宾语前补上介词to或for 句型主要有以下几个 givesthtosb givesbsth buysthforsb buysbsth sellsthtosb sellsbsth takesthtosb takesbsth bringsthtosb bringsbsth makesthforsb makesb