江西省高三英语学科课件：语法——倒装.ppt

grammar inversion 倒装 倒装 在英语中 主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前 谓语在后 但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语的前面 这种语序叫做 倒装 倒装的原因一是语法结构的需要 一是为了强调 倒装分为完全倒装 谓语全部放到主语前面 和部分倒装 谓语的一部分如情态动词 动词be或助动词放到主语前面 英语中常见的倒装句有下列一些情况 1 在疑问句中 1 areyouastudent 2 howcanwegrowriceinareawherethereislittlewater 3 whydidhawkingneedaphd 2 在there herebe exist lie stand etc 引导 存在 的句子 1 therewillbeabasketballmatchthisafternoon 2 herearesomeflowersforyou 3 在以now then here there或out in up down away back next等副词作状语置于句首 谓语动词是come go run rush等不及物动词的句子里 以示强调 2 outrushedthestudentswhenthebellrang 1 nowcomesyourturn 3 theregoesthetrain 但主语是人称代词时 主语和谓语的语序不变 hereitis hereyouare 3 inhecameandthelessonbegan 4 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时 有时也用倒装 1 help shoutedtheboy 2 astormisstorm mrjukes answeredthecaptain 若引述动词后还有间接宾语或状语时 不倒装 1 why theteacheraskedhim 2 both sir heansweredproudly 5 由only所修饰的副词 介词短语或状语从句放在句首时 2 onlybychangingthewaywelivecanwesavetheearth 3 onlywhenoneisawayfromhomedoesonerealizehownicehomeis 1 onlythendidirealizemanyofthethingsididwerebadfortheenvironment 1 notuntiltheteachercameindidhefinishhishomework 6 含有否定意义的副词 连词或介词短语等置于句首时 句子要部分倒装 如 hardly never not notonly butalso notuntil little seldom nosooner than bynomeans innocase atnotime scarcely等 2 littledidheknowthatthepolicewerearound 3 neverhaveirealizedthatwaterissoprecious 5 notasingleworddidhesayatthemeeting 6 notonlyamiyourteacher butalsoiamwillingtobeyourfriend 4 bynomeansshouldwedolikethis 7 so neither nor置于句首 表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者 其句型为 so neither nor be 情态动词 助动词 主语 前面为肯定句时用so 前面为否定句时用neither或nor 2 helikesbasketballverymuch sodowe michaeljordan 1 shecanspeakenglish socani 3 wesawthefilmlastweek sodidthey 4 ihaveneverbeenabroad neitherhashe 5 ididn treadthenoticeontheblack board nordidshe 注意 如果后一句只是对前一句的内容进行强调 后一句的主语与前一句的主语一致 则不倒装 johnwonthefirstprizeinthecontest sohedid 8 在so such that 结果状语从句 结构中 若so或such引导的部分置于句首时 用倒装语序 请比较 sheissuchalovelygirlthatweallloveher 2 suchalovelygirlisshethatweallloveher 3 thegirlissolovelythatweallloveher 4 solovelyisthegirlthatweallloveher 9 as引导让步状语从句时 意为 尽管 通常把句中的状语 表语部分或动词提前 若表语是名词 不加冠词 1 hardasheworks hecan tsupporthisfamily 2 cleverasheis hedoesn tstudywell 3 goasyoumay youcan tseehim 4 childasshewas shecouldspeakfivelanguages 注意 though引导的从句可倒装 可不倒装 但although引导的从句不能倒装 10 省略了if的虚拟条件从句中 主谓形成部分倒装 虚拟语气的条件句中 省略if后 had were should等应提前 1 hadheworkedharder hewouldhavegotthroughtheexams 2 wereiyou iwouldtryitagain 3 shoulditraintomorrow weshouldhavetoputoffthefootballmatch exercises 1 theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce witheachother a theyhadquarreledb theyhavequarreledc havetheyquarreledd hadtheyquarreled 2 davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently and a sohehas soyouhaveb sohehas sohaveyouc sohashe sohaveyou d sohashe soyouhave c b 3 onlythen whatshemeant a iunderstandb iunderstoodc didiunderstandd doiunderstand c 4 herworkisstillnotasgoodasshewantsittobe a 5 look there oh there a comesthebus comesitb comesthebus itcomesc thebuscomes itcomes d thebuscomes comesit b a whyisitthatb whyisc whyitisthatd whyissothat 6 notonly apromise butalsohekeptit a didhemakeb hemadec doeshemaked hashemade 7 little abouthisownhealththoughhewasveryill a hecaredb didhecarec doeshecared hecares 8 heisquiteexperiencedinthework a asyoungheisb asisheyoungc youngisashed youngasheis a b d 9 ican tspeakfrench a norcanheb norcan thec socanhed sohecan 10 thatweallhadtostayathome a so