2016中考英语阅读理解系列训练(1)及答案(含解题策略讲解).doc

2016中考英语阅读理解系列训练（1）及答案（含解题策略讲解）The Skills of reading comprehension一、阅读理解考查题型 阅读理解考查题型 1.考查事实细节： 2.猜测生词含义： 3.推理判断：4.归纳主旨大意： 5.推测作者的态度、意图和目的：（一）事实性细节题对时间、地点、特征、方式、数字等的寻找对原因、结果、事实的正确理解常用提问方式：1. According to the passage, who (what, why, where, when，how many/much, how long).?2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is (not) true?事实理解题解题技巧： 事实细节题一般在: 1文中有原句； 2找相关信息进行比对; 3找近义词或同义句; 4进行简单数学计算; 在读文章时把这些信息划下来（2） 猜测词义词汇题是询问文章中出现的某个词、词组或句子含义的题型。常见的提问方式有：1) The word . refers to _2) The underlined . probably means _1、根据定义、释义、举例或复述猜词常用的：be, be called, mean，破折号或定语从句等来表示。2、 根据上下文情景和逻辑进行判断3、 根据关联词来猜测表示因果关系的：because, as, since, for, so, as a result表示同义关系的：and, like, just asthe same as.表示反义关系的：but, however, though, although, yet, instead (of)（4） 根据生活经验及普通常识猜词1) China is our motherland. 2) Kangaroo mothers have pouches to carry their babies. 3) Its really cold outside, and my hands are both numb.Exercises: Guess the meaning of the new words quickly. a. Wealthy means having lots of money. b. Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to your health. c. My mother-in-law, my husbands mother, was a teacher. The boy had a happy family before. However, after the war, he became homeless. d. You must stop dreaming and face reality. （三）推理判断考查逻辑推理能力、语言分析能力和综合归纳能力。下面哪些方式属于推理判断题？1. We can infer(推断) from the story that_2. Whats the passage mainly about? 3. It can be inferred from the passage that 4. According to the story, what would happen next? 5. The first paragraph tells us that _6. What can we learn from the passage? 1、事实推理：先在文章中找出据以推断的文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。 Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People dont want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kinds of danger and seem to be “bad” news. According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV? _a. You often play football with your friends after school.b. Your teacher has got a cold.c. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasnt been caught.21教育名师原创作品d. The bike in front of your house is lost. When you cough or sneeze, please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. Afterwards, you should say, “Excuse me.” This is a rule I set for my students. It is so simple, but many kids have never been told to do this.What does the underlined word “this” mean?_A. Dont cough or sneeze in front of peopleB. Dont stand beside someone who coughs or sneezes.C. Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train.D. Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing and say sorry.总结：解题技巧：推断题在文章无法直接找到答案，须在正确理解文章字面意思的基础上，运用逻辑推理的方法，综合主旨句、主题句和上下文信息以及作者的措辞，作出总结性的判断。同时要特别注意代词所指代的对象。（四）归纳主旨大意:主要包括主题思想、写作意图、文章的题目等常见的提问方式有：(1）What is the main idea of the passage?(2) The first paragraph tells us that _(3) Which of the following expresses the main idea?(4) The passage is mainly about _(5) The best title for the story is _(6) Which of the following is the best title?Can you find the topic sentence?1. All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain .Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears.2. Reading is a good habit, but the problem is , theres too much to read these days, and too little time to read every word of it. There are hundreds of skills to help you read more in less time. Here are two skills that I think are especially good. 解题技巧：此类题目多出现于议论文和说明文。要确定文章的主题思想，最重要的是要找到主题句。主题句一般在段首或段尾，有时也在中间。3. Do you know more and more Chinese artists have made regular donations to charity or put their efforts into charity work in China? Here lets know some of them.What is the passage mainly about? _A. Chinese charity work.B. Charity work of some Chinese artists.C. Some famous Chinese artists.D. Organizations started by Chinese artists.解题技巧：找主题句。一般新闻报道、说明文、议论文大都采用先总述、后分述的叙事方法，因此主题句大都在段首或篇首。用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。那么主题句往往就在段末或篇末。（五）作者的意图、态度和目的题1、作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及修饰手段中体会出来。常见的提问方式有：(1) What is the writers purpose in writing the passage?(2) The writer probably feels that _(3) What is the writers main point?(4) What is the writers attitude towards?(5) In the passage the writer tries to tell us that _(6) The writer suggest(暗示) that _(7) The writer wants to prove that _注意：题目都是围绕作者的意图、目的和态度解题技巧: 正确理解文章中反映作者态度和观点的关键词，同时通过选项中的关键词来推断正确答案，学会根据作者使用的词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度，要区别作者的态度和其他人的态度，不应把你自己的态度渗透其中。 Today I can iron pretty well. I know where to start on a shirt and the right way to do the trousers. Now when I think about it, I dont think she is an old lady. I think she might have been about my age now. Anyway, when I iron, I think of her and silently thank her for all the things I learned. Now the writer _A. is still afraid of the lady B. hates the strict lady.C. admires the disabled lady. D. is very grateful to the lady.1 要充满自信2 要善于抓关键句和主题句3 要有文中信息支持点4 要扫读全文二、阅读理解题目的设置方式： 逻辑推理型1） 根据常识判断One day we invited some friends to dinner. When it was about six oclock, my wife found that we had little bread. So she asked our five-year-old daughter, Kathy, to buy some.设题：One day, Kathys parents invited some friends to_. A. have breakfast B. have lunch C. have supper D. have a party. 逻辑推理型2) 根据计算判断If everyone sets their air conditioning (空调)at 26,Beijing will save 400 million kilowatt-hours(千瓦时) of electricity in one summer. Thats one-third of all the usage of the city in the season,” said a TV advertisement.设题：Beijing will use_ million kilowatt-hours electricity in one summer. A. 1200 B. 800 C. 4003)归纳主旨句常用提问方式：1.According to(根据) the passage, we know that_2.The title (标题) of the passage can be_.3.The writer tells us_.4.From the story we can see/ learn / say_5.The main idea of this passage is_.6.What is this passage about?The ways of guessing the new words in context: 遇到生词要冷静A. 利用构词法进行猜测根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，care(小心) careful(小心的) carefully (小心地); write(写) rewrite (改写)。 un- ; dis-;-less : 不无 ; mis-: 错误 ; re-: 再，重复，重新 ; -ern: 表方向-er ,-or, -ist : 表示人 ;2. 根据“合成词”猜测。 如：school + bag schoolbag down+stairs downstairsExercises: Match the meaning with the new words.1) Rebuild 不安全的2) Modernize 误解3) man-made 重建4) unsafe 现代化5) misunderstanding 人造的三、阅读理解解题方法1.先看文章,再看试题.2.先看试题,然后带着问题再看文章.(常用方法)四、阅读理解解题步骤1.扫读:即快速阅读,通览全文.发现关键句(特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句.2.细读:集中精力研读课文,分清文章体裁,把握文章中心和主要内容,进而掌握文章细节信息(五个W即who, what, when, where, why)3.查读:认真检查,尽量减少答题错误. 五阅读技巧： 1. 浏览问题，通读全文 2. 抓住中心句（标题，首段，每段的首尾句，总-分- 总,总-分） 3. 克服以下不良习惯： 心读，一个词一个词的看，只读不记 4. 遇到生词要沉着冷静中考英语阅读理解训练选编中考阅读理解【2】Several months after I was badly hurt in a car accident, my father sent me to a blind school.That morning was the new beginning. I went to this school and I heard lots of children. My new teacher took me to the class where we were taught to write and type in Braille(盲文) . I found it quite difficult.Hi, sweetheart, how is school going? asked my father.Daddy, I cant do this. I try and try but I just dont get it. I dont know if I am ever going to learn to read Braille. It/s too difficult, I cried.Daddy just held me in his arm and said, Do you remember that we went to the temple which is on the top of a mountain? When we were climbing the mountain, my legs started aching, I sat down and said, I cant see the temple. You cant see it because it is covered with fog. Although you cant see it, I know it is there. I will make sure you will climb up to it. That day you showed me that just you cant see something does not mean it is not there. So although climbing the mountain was difficult, I knew I would get to the top. I was cleat what my dad wanted me to understand.I went back to school and started with new energy. Very soon I could red.One of my classmates said, You are lucky, you know, you have at least seen the world. I have just heard it. I have been told there are many colors in this world but I dont understand what color means. After listening to her for the first time in two years, I felt lucky. And on that day I learnt that although the light in my eyes is gone, I must see the world with the light in my heart.1. What can we know about the writer?A. He was born blind.B. He was sent to a blind school because he wanted to learn Braille.C. He couldnt see anything after a car accident.D. He disliked the new school.2. What did the writer think of reading Braille?A. It was easy. B. It was difficultC. It was interesting.D. It was boring.3. What did the writers dad want him to understand?A.You cant see anything, but it doesnt mean it is not there.B.Climbing the mountain is as easy as learning Braille.C.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.D.Cheer up! Life is full of choices, so choose to be happy.4. One of the writers classmates thinks he is lucky because the writer_.A.has once seen the worldB.spent the least time learning Braille wellC.knew the real meaning of colorD.could tell what the world is like without seeing it5. What does the last paragraph want to tell us?A.The most beautiful thing in the world must be felt with the heart.B.People cant live a happy life unless the can see.C.The writer will live a healthy life with the light in his heart.D.The writers suffering(痛苦) would go away in the wind.阅读理解答案：15、CBCAC阅读理解训练【3】话题体裁词数难度建议用时学习生活议论文2366分钟Sitting on a chair all day in school can make anyone want to move around. So, more and more teachers are letting students have a ball. By sitting on exercise balls instead of chairs, teachers find students posture (姿势) and attention improve. Dottie Pownall, a fifth-grade teacher in West Virginia, USA, has been using balls as chairs since December 2008. “The students love them”, she says. Pownall took a survey of her students. She found that 80% of the students thought sitting on the balls helped them pay more attention to what they were learning. The teacher, Pisa Witt, felt so strong about the use of balls as chairs that she started WittFit. This company encourages the use of the balls. And the company educates not only teachers but also students on how to use them. “Our products are used in 24 states, three provinces in Canada, Puerto Rico (波多黎各) and Japan, ” says Witt. “Research shows that sitting on the balls makes them sit up straighter. You can slouch (低头垂肩地坐) on a ball, ” says Witt, “but it feels awful. ” Because when the students are moving, their blood (血液) increases. That carries more oxygen (氧气) to the brain (大脑), so the kids have more energy and can focus longer. “Furthermore, theyre fun. ” says Pownall. 1. What will happen if a student sits on a chair all day in school? The student will _. A. pay more attention to his lessonsB. be funC. like to move aroundD. sit up straighter2. How long has Dottie Pownall used the balls? A. Since December 2008. B. For only one year. C. In 2008. D. Since she was a fifth-grade teacher. 3. In how many countries are the balls used as the students chairs? 21A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. D. One. 4. Teachers choose balls instead of chairs because sitting on balls helps the kids _. A. improve their posture and attention B. slouch on the chairsC. have fun D. Both A and C are correct answers5. Which is better for kids to study in class, sitting on a chair or sitting on a ball? A. Sitting on a chair. B. Sitting on a ball. C. They are the same. D. We dont know. 1. C 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.B阅读理解训练【4】话题体裁词数难度建议用时慈善活动记叙文3107分钟Greg Woodburn, a university student, spends a lot of time cleaning sports shoes. Some of them once belonged to him; some belonged to his friends. But soon the shoes will have new owners, poor children in the USA and 20 other countries, thanks to Gregs Share Our Soles(鞋底) (S. O. S) charity. Greg was a high school running star in a small town in California. He had to stop running for months because his knee was injured. “I started thinking about all the things I got from running, the health, the friendships and the confidence, ” he says. “And I realized there are children who dont even have shoes. ”Greg collected his own sports shoes and then called his friends and the town. His aim was to have 100 pairs by Christmas 2006. When the number climbed to more than 500 pairs, Greg knew that he could collect sports shoes all the year round. Now he has set up collection boxes in his town. So far, S. O. S has collected and donated more than 3, 000 pairs of shoes. And Greg has cleaned almost all of them. “People think of it as dirty work, ” he says, “but I like doing it, because I feel happy when Im doing it. Its not work I want to pass on to someone else. ”In just three years, Greg has started three branches(分部) of S. O. S and there are more and more sports shoes. For many poor children receiving the shoes means opportunity. Two young boys in southern California used to go to school on alternate days(隔日) because they both shared a pair of shoes. They were too big for one boy and too small for the other. Thanks to S. O. S, each brother received his own pair of shoes. The boys now go to school every day. When they graduate, they say they will help others, just as Greg helped them. 21*c1. Who will Greg donate these sports shoes to? _2. From running Greg got health, friendships and confidence, and what did he realize? _3. How many pairs of shoes has S. O. S collected and donated so far? _4. Why does Greg like to clean the donated shoes? _5. What did the two boys in southern California learn from Greg? _参考答案：1. He will donate them to poor children in the USA and 20 other countries. /Poor children in the USA and 20 other countries. 2. He realized therere children who dont even have shoes. /Therere children who dont even have shoes. 3. S. O. S has collected and donated more than 3, 000 pairs of shoes so far. /More than 3, 000 pairs of shoes. 4. Because he feels happy when hes doing it. 5. They would help others, just as Greg helped them. /They learned to help people in need. 阅读理解训练【6】Every day when I enter the classroom, I will take a look at the wall beside my seat. You will find nothing special about this old wall if you just look at it. But for the students in my class, it is a special wall. Take a good look at it, and you will get to know the real feelings and thoughts of us, the 9th graders.In the middle of the wall, there is a big VICTORY. It was written in pencil. I guess it must have been written by someone who got a good mark in an exam. A little higher above the formulas, there is a poem. It only has two sentences. It reads: All those sweet memories have disappeared. Like tears dropping in the heavy rain.Oh! It must have been written at the end of the last semester in middle school. Classmates had to leave school and good friends had to part. What a sad poem! If you explore the wall more carefully, you will find many other interesting things, like a crying face, or a happy face, and other patterns(图案). There are still some patterns and letters that I cant understand, but they all show the feeling of the students who drew them. For years, the wall has witnessed(目睹) all the things that have happened in the classroom. I dont know how it will be next year, two years from now, or even ten years from now. But I hope more smiling faces will be drawn on it.1. There is _ special on this wall.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything2. What was the VICTORY written in?A. Chalk B. Pencil C. Pen D. Brush3. When has the poem been written?A. At the beginning of the last semester. B. At the end of the year.C. At the end of the last semester. D. At the beginning of the last month.4. Whats the meaning of the underlined word?A. 部分 B. 分离 C. 和好 D. 聚集5. Whats the title of the passage?A. The Pictures of the Wall B. The Feelings of the StudentsC. The Patterns of the Classroom D. The Hope of the Writer 21教育网阅读理解答案：15、ABCBC中考阅读理解【9】Mr. Brown was going away for a week. Before he left, he said to his son, if anyone asks for me, you can tell him that your father has been out for doing something, and will be back in a week, then be sure to ask him to sit down for a cup of tea. OK, Dad, said his son. But he was afraid his son couldnt remember this, he wrote these words down on a piece of paper and gave it to him. His son put it into his small pocket, took it out and looked at it every now and then. Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was no man to come and that the piece o