高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解编练（4）1.doc

湖北石首市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解编练2016高考英语阅读理解集训。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior.One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoners Dilemma. The game is based on the tension (紧张气氛) between the interests (利益) of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher.Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings were. The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than eight hundred children aged two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children aged five to nine.The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. The study says the IQs-or intelligence quotients-of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points.Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation. Professor Strauss has written extensively about physical punishment of children. He says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.1Which could be the best title of the passage?A. PunishmentB. The Best Way to Influence Behavior.C. Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?D. Two Recent Studies.2The underlined word “spanked” probably means_.A. won B. punished C. tested D. praised3According to the passage, the researchers may agree the best way to influence behavior is_.A. rewarding good behaviorB. correcting bad behaviorC. punishing badly-behaved childrenD. praising well-behaved children试题分析：文章主要介绍了两项研究的过程和研究成果。近期的两项研究显示，惩罚不是影响行为的最好方法。其中一项研究显示，成年人在一个基于奖励的机制中更具合作性。另一项研究表明，惩罚不利于孩子心智的发展。1选择最佳标题。A项太片面；文章没有提到最好的方法，排除B；D项不够具体；根据第二段“One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards.”和第六段“of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were”可知，研究表明，奖励能够促进合作，惩罚不利于孩子的心智发展，故选C。2猜测词义题。根据带第六段“who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were”可知，被父母体罚的孩子，他们的智商比没有受到体罚的孩子的低5分，根据最后一段“He says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development.”可知，孩子受到的惩罚越多，他们的心智发展得越慢，说明划线词是“惩罚”的意思，故选B。3推理判断题。B、D两项文中未提及；根据倒数第二段“of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were”和最后一段“the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development”可知，惩罚不利于孩子的身心发展，排除C；根据第二段“adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards”和第六段“five points higher than those who were”可知，奖励能够促进合作，而惩罚不利于孩子心智的发展，只有A项与奖励有关，故选A。阅读理解。Blind imitation (模仿)is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth. Imitation appears attractive: to those who know their strenghth. Imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone elses way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a childs bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.Blessed is the person willing to act on their sundden desire to create somrthing unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done brfore them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Syudy your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not server.Then you can say,”I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors”tragedies and tory ,and know that they are cheering on.1.Imitation proves useful when you . A.know you are unique B.lose the bslance of lifeC.begin to learn something new D.get tired of routine practice2. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should_.A. forget daily fear and pain B. choose the right exampleC. ask others for decisions D. stay away from stars3.Acording to the author. The world moves on because of those who are .A. desperate to intruence others with their knowledge B. ready to turn their original ideas into realityC. eager to discover what their ancestors didD. willing to accept othersideas4.The trouble a creator faces is .A. the lack of strong motivation B. the absence of practical ideas C. how to search for more materials D. how to use imagination creatively5. What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A. To highlight the importance of creatively.B. To criticize the characters of role models.C. To compare imitation with creation.D. To explain the meaning of success.【参考答案】15、CBBDA阅读理解。 US Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld is likely to visit China at an “appropriate” time this year, a senior Chinese military official said on Monday. Colonel Tu Qiming, director of the American and Oceania Affairs Bureau of the Foreign Affairs Office at the National Defense Ministry, made the remark during Sino-US defense talks this week. This is the first ever “special defense policy dialogue” between the two defense ministries, according to the Chinese military. FRANCES Agriculture Ministry has confirmed(证实)the first case of mad cow disease detected in a goat last Friday. The goat killed in 2002 tested positive for mad cow disease. It is the first case in the world of the fatal disease being found in an animal other than a bovine. The human form of mad cow disease causes brain-wasting, personality change, loss of body function, and ends in death. The European Commission has not advised any change in farming and consuming goats, said the French Ministry in a statement published last Friday. MOBILE phone sales hit a new record in 2010, with some 684 million units sold around the world, the US research institute Strategy Analytics said on Thursday. The number represents an increase of 32 per cent over 2003, when 571 million units were sold. Strategy Analytics predicts a more modest rise of 8 per cent for this year, to 735 million. Finnish cell phone provider Nokia stayed out in front in 2010, with sales of 207.6 million units, giving it a market share of 30.4 per cent. Motorola moved to No 2, just ahead of the South Korean company Samsung. SIX male penguins(雄企鹅)at a German zoo are proving stubbornly resistant to females brought in from Sweden to make them into breeding(繁殖).Of the ten male penguins at the zoo, six have formed into “homosexual” couples and have shown no interest in the females, making breeding an impossibility. So the zoo imported the four female penguins from Sweden last month, full of hope that the new arrivals could “turn” the males. But so far, the boys are remaining strictly with the boys.1. How many countries are mentioned in the pieces of news?A. Six. B. Five. C. Three. D. Seven.提示:文中提到美国、中国、法国、芬兰、韩国、德国、瑞典。答案:D37. Which will probably reach the sales of 735 million units in 2010?A. Nokia. B. Motorola. C. Samsung. D. Cell phones.提示:571 million,684million,735 million均指手机销售总量。答案:D38. From the fourth piece of news we know that_.A. the scientists havent succeeded in doing their experimentB. the scientists have successfully got six female penguins into breeding.C. the Sweden girls made the boys show interest in themD. German boys dont like Sweden boys提示:从show no interest和boys stay with boys可知试验没成功。答案:A39. Which of the following are the suitable headlines for the pieces of news?A. a. US Defense Secretary Visit Likely b. France Confirms “Mad Goat Case”c. Mobile Phone Sales d. Male Penguins and Female PenguinsB. a. US Defense Secretary Visit Likely b. France Confirms “Mad Goat Case”c. Nokia Stays on Top d. Birds of a FeatherC. a. Defense Policy Dialogue b. Mad Goat Diseasec. Mobile Phone Sales d. Importing Female PenguinsD. a. Sino-US Talks b. Mad Goat Casec. Motorolas Sales Reduced d. Boys and Girls提示:只有B能表达各则新闻的主旨，其中Birds of a Feather意为“物以类聚，鸟以群分”。答案:B阅读理解。 Alex London Research Laboratory (ALRL) is part of Alex Co., Ltd., a major Australian medicine-making company. Opened in 1992, ALRL specializes in the development of new medicines for the treatment of heart diseases A position is now open for a Research Operations Manager(ROM) to support our growing research team at the new laboratories in Hatfield，due to open in the autumn of 2010 Reporting to the Director，you will help set up and run the technical and scientific support services of our new laboratories now under constructionYou will be expected to provide expert knowledge about and be in charge of all areas of ALRLS Health and Safety，and to communicate (沟通)with support employees at ALRLS laboratories based at University College LondonWorking closely with scientists and other operations and technical employees，you will manage a small number of research support employees providing services to help with the research activities to be carried out at the new laboratories Candidates(申请人) will have experience of both management and research supporttechnical servicesKnowledge of research operations and excellent communication skills are necessary. Education to degree level is also desirable If you are interested in this position，please send your CV(简历)to Alex London Research Laboratory，University College London，Hatfield，London，W1E 6B7 or by email to ALRLalex.co.uk For more Informationplease visit www.alex.co.uk( ) 1. What can be learnt about the new laboratories from the text? A. They have not yet been set up B. They are in Hatfield，Australia C. They belong