必修五-Unit-1重点词汇讲解.doc

必修五 Unit 1重点词汇讲解精心整理 助你提升温馨提示： 参看单词表对应短语、单句背诵一、词形、短语拓展：1. characteristic n.特征；特性adj.有特点/特征的 character n.人物，性格；字体 2. painter n.画家；油漆匠 paint v.画画 painting n.画3. put forward 提出 come up with 提出come up 被提出拓展：put up with 忍受 catch up with 追赶上 keep up with 和保持一致4. scientific adj.科学的 science n.科学 scientist n.科学家5. conclude v.结束;推断出 conclusion n.结论;结束 conclusive adj.结论性的,不容置疑的短语：in conclusion 总之,最后 come to/arrive at/ reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论 bring sth. to a conclusion 得出结论 conclude . from. 从.得出推断6. analyse/ze vt.分析analysis /nlsis/ n.分析analyses n. (复数) analytical /nlitikl/ adj.分析的短语：carry out / do an analysis of 对.作分析7. infect vt.传染;感染 infectious adj.传染的 infection /infekn/ n.传染；传染病；感染 8. expert adj.熟练的;有经验的n.专家expertise /eksp:ti:z/n.专家意见;专门知识9. attend vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加短语：attend school /attend a meeting/a ceremony/a celebration/a wedding/a funeral/a lecture 上学/ 参加会议/ 参加仪式 /参加庆典/ 参加婚礼/ 参加葬礼/参加演讲10. physician n.医生;内科医师 surgeon n.外科医生拓展：physics n.物理 physical adj. 物理的；身体的 mental adj. 精神的11. expose vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光 exposed adj. adj. 无遮蔽的;不当风雨的 exposure n.暴露；揭发短语：expose sb./sth. to= be exposed to使暴露于,暴露给.；揭露，揭发12. cure n.治愈;痊愈 vt.治愈;治疗短语：cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人. a cure for 治的疗法/良药 treat sb. for sth. 治疗某人.13. outbreak n.爆发;发作 break out vi.爆发 14.challenge n.挑战 vt.向挑战短语：challenge sb. to do sth. 挑战某人做15. absorb vt.吸收;吸引;使专心拓展：absorption n.专注；吸收 absorbing adj.吸引人的 absorbed adj.全神贯注的短语：absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意力 sb. be absorbed in doing sth. 全神贯注于.16. suspect vt.怀疑 n.被怀疑者;嫌疑犯 suspicion n. 怀疑 -suspicious adj. 怀疑的短语: suspect sb.of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人做某事sb. be suspected of doing sth. 某人被怀疑做某事 question a suspect 审问嫌疑人17. enquiry n.询问- enquire v.询问18. severe adj.严重的;剧烈的;严厉的 severely adv.严重地；剧烈地19. foresee (foresaw - foreseen ) vt.预见;预知20. investigate v.调查 -investigation n.调查21. blame vt.责备;谴责n. 过失;责备短语：blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事而责备某人 put the blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎到某人身上 Sb. be to blame for (doing) sth. 某人因为（做）某事应受责备拓展： punish / scold sb. for sth. 因而惩罚/责骂某人 remind/ rob/ warn / inform sb. of sth. 提醒/抢劫/警告/通知某人某事22. pollute vt.污染;弄脏 pollution n.污染23. handle n.柄;把手vt.处理;操纵=deal with = solve= settle 24. link vt. & n. 连接;联系短语：link with/to 将.与连接或联系起来 be linked with 与有关联; 与.连接 link up(with)(与.)连接；联合25. announce vt.宣布;通知 announcer n. 宣布者 announcement n. 宣布；通知短语：announce to sb. sth. = announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布某事 make an announcement 发表声明26. certainty n.确信;确实 certain adj.确定的 uncertain adj. 不确定的 certainly adv.确定地27. instruct vt.命令;指示;教导 instructor n.指导者,教练 instructive adj.具有指导性的instruction n. (常用复数）指导；命令；用法说明；操作指南 = directions 短语：instruct sb. to do sth.= instruct sb. in (doing) sth. 指导某人做 follow ones instructions/ directions 听从指导 give sb. instructions to do sth. 命令某人做某事28. responsible adj.有责任的 responsibility /rispnsbilti/ n.责任；职责 短语：be responsible to sb. for sth. 因对某人负责 Its ones responsibility (duty) to do sth. 做是某人的职责 accept/ take/ bear/ shoulder (a/the) responsibility (for sth.) 承担/担起.责任29.construct vt.建设；修建 construction n.建设;建筑物短语：be under construction 在建设中 be constructed of/out of/from 由.建成30.contribute vt. & vi.捐献;贡献；投稿给（报社、杂志）对.贡献；vi.有助于contribution n.贡献 contributor n.捐款人；撰稿人 短语：contribute sth. to 向.捐献,捐赠;给.提供（忠告、建议）；投稿 contribute to 有助于；促使；导致 make contributions to / make a contribution to为做贡献31. apart from 除之外；此外=in addition to除之外32. creative adj.有创造力的create vt.创造 creation n.创造creativity n.创造力creature/kri:t/ n.生物;动物33. co-operative adj.合作的 co-operation n.合作34. positive adj.积极的;肯定的 negative adj.消极的35. (be) strict with sb. in sth. 对某人在某事上是严格的36. revolutionary adj.革命的;重大变革的 revolution n. 革命37. movement n.移动；运动；动作move v.移动；运动；动作 movable adj.可移动的38. make sense 讲得通；有意义make no sense 没意义39. privately adv.私下地；秘密地 private adj. 私下的 privacy n. 隐私40. brightness n.明亮；亮度；聪颖 bright adj.明亮的 brighten v.照亮；点亮41. enthusiastic adj.热情(心)的 enthusiasm n.激情短语：be enthusiastic about 对有热情的42. cautious /k:s/ adj.小心的；谨慎的caution /k:n/ n.小心;谨慎;警告;告诫 vt.警告;劝.小心 cautiously adv. 谨慎地短语: with caution 小心翼翼地 caution sb. to do sth.劝某人做某事be cautious about sth.对.谨慎 caution sb. against /about doing sth. 警告某人不做. be cautious of doing 对谨慎的;唯恐. 43. reject /ridekt/ vt.拒绝;不接受=refuse = turn down 拒绝；不接受 短语：reject doing sth. 拒绝做44. universe n.宇宙;世界universal adj. 宇宙的二、佳句积累（要求：参照汉语背诵英语）1. An outstanding painter has painted a number of paintings. 一位杰出的画家画了很多幅画。2. China has put forward a series of important suggestions since last year. 自从去年中国已经提出了一系列重要的建议。3. With the development of science and technology, we have achieved great achievements/ made greatbreakthroughs in scientific exploration. 随着科学与技术的发展,我们在科学方面的探索已经取得了很大的进步。4. The debate did not arrive at/come to/reach/draw a conclusion until midnight. 这次的辩论直到午夜才得出结论。 5.In conclusion, Id like to say how much I have enjoyed myself. 总之，我想说我玩得有多么高兴。6.We are narrowly defeated by 3:2. 我们3比2惜败。7. He is expert in/at driving cars. 他开车技术娴熟。8.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to our skin.(v+ing 短语做主语) 暴露于阳光下太久对我们的皮肤有害。 9.Exposed to such disasters(非谓语), the local people were badly in need of help.处于这样的灾难下，当地人急需帮助。 10.Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long, or you will get sunburnt.(祈使句)别让自己在太阳底下晒太久，否则你会被晒伤的。 11.An effective cure for lung cancer hasnt been found so far, so it is impossible for the doctor to cure him of his cancer. 至今肺癌的有效疗法还没有被发现，所以医生不可能治愈他的病。 12.Mr.Wang challenged me to play another tennis game. Mr.王向我挑战再打一场网球赛。13.Tom lay on the sofa, absorbed in his book(非谓语). Tom躺在沙发上，全神贯注看着他的书。14.The suspect (who was )suspected of shooting six children was caught by the police. 被怀疑杀了六个孩子的那个嫌疑犯被警察抓住了。15.Our teacher will blame him for breaking the classroom windows. 我们的老师将因为打碎了班级玻璃而责备他。16. Dont always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you are to blame. 不要总是把你自己的过错怪到别人身上。有时你自己应该被责备。17.The river has been polluted by all kinds of industrial waste. 这条河流已经被可种各样的工业废物污染了。18. I came to realize that I had to handle the thing myself. 我开始意识到我得自己处理事情了。 19.For centuries farmers have linked the behavior of animals to changes in the weather.几个世纪以来，农民已经把动物的行为与天气的变化联系到一起。20. Boys and girls, may I have your attention, please? I have an important announcement to make. 同学们，请注意啦？我有重要的通知要宣布。21.The announcer made an announcement that(同位语从句) all the details should be announced through the broadcast. 广播员通知所有的细节会通过广播来播报。22.Read the instructions on medicine thoroughly. 通读药的说明书。23.Her father instructed/guided her in flight. 在航行方面他的爸爸指导她。 24.You are supposed to be responsible for (take responsibility for) what you have done.你应该对你所做的事情负责人。25.It is our duty /responsibility to protect the environment. 保护环境是我们的职责。 26.Apart from the construction（结构） mentioned above, we have also learned the following phrases. 除了上面提过的结构，我们还学了下面的短语。27.Fresh air contributes to our health. 新鲜的空气有助于我们的健康。28.The more we learn, the greater contributions we wil