为病人祈福的话语.doc

h030 a 1009-8135( 2010) 01-0103-04(discourse markers)2070blakemoresperberwilson(relevance theory)juckerzivrisseladaspoorenfraser(propositional meaning)(a state of the world)fraserb. the rent is reasonable; the location is perfect.( 2) the rent is reasonable. in addition/ besides,the location is perfect(3)a.the rent is reasonable. moreover/furthermore, the location is perfect.b. the rent is reasonable; moreover,furthermore, the location is perfect.(4) the rent is reasonable, for,because thelocation is perfect.(1)(4)(1)a(2)besides(inaddition)(3)moreoverfurthermore(4)forbecause(1)( topic-related markers)(discourse connectives)(2)(evidentialmarkers)(3)(4)reformulation markers(5)(manner-of -speaking markers)(6)(7)(self-assessmentmarkers)(8)locutionary performatives1sperberwlison( conceptual meaning)(proceduralmeaning)grice(conversational implicature)schiffrin(coherence theory)blakemore2explicature(implicature)explicitly( higher-levelexplicature)levinsonbut, therefore, in conclusion, to the contrary, still,however, anyway, well, besides, actually, all in all, so,after all?signpost/marker1griceon the other handsothereforemoreovergricebachgricenon central speech act( utterance modifers)(illocutionary force)( performative verbs)(6) no doubt, tom has passed the exam.(5)(6)/brownlevinsonbrownlevinson( face-threatening acts)well(mitigator)(7)a:well all miss bill and agatha, wontwe?b1: well, we ll miss bill.b2: we ll miss bill.(7)b2billbiwellagathab2bib2wellwell(8)a:they must worry about you through eddie, dontthey, you mum and dad, when you re doing all these jumps.200120011. a. bc ddab