大型柴油机中英文操作指导.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除Preface前言Engines - characteristics,justified expectations,prerequisites发动机特性，合理的期望，前提条件Engines produced by MAN B&W Diesel AG have evolved from decades ofcontinuous, successful research and development work. They satisfy highstandards and have ample redundancy of withstanding adverse or detrimentalinfluences. However, to meet such expectations, they have to beused to purpose and serviced properly. Only if these prerequisites are fulfilled,unrestricted efficiency and long service life can be expected.经过几十年不断的成功研究和开发，曼公司生产的发动机已经趋于成熟。这些发动机能够达到较高的标准，具有足够的抵抗不利影响的能力。为了能够达到此预期目标，发动机必须按要求使用并合理进行保养。只有满足了这些前提条件，发动机才能够得到优良的效能和长久的使用寿命。Purpose of the operating andworking instructions发动机操作工作指导说明书的目的The operating instructions as well as the working instructions (work cards)are thought to assist you in becoming familiar with the engine. They arealso thought to provide answers to questions that may turn up later on,and to serve as a guidance in your activities of engine operation and whencarrying out maintenance work. Furthermore, we attach equal importanceto familiarising you with the methods of operation, causes and consequences,and to conveying the empirical knowledge we have. Not least, inproviding the operating and working instructions, we comply with our legalduty of warning the user of the hazards which can be caused by the engineor its components - in spite of a high level of development and muchconstructive efforts - or which an inappropriate or wrong use of our productsinvolve.发动机操作和工作指导说明书（工作卡片）是为了让你熟悉发动机。可以为以后出现的问题提供答案，当你进行发动机的操作和保养工作时还可以为你提供指导。此外，we attach equal importance to familiarizing you with the methods of operation ,cause ,and consequences ,传递我们所掌握的试验知识。最重要的是，通过提供发动机操作和工作指导说明书，我们履行了我们的法定义务，警告用户可能由发动机和其部件引起的危险-尽管具有高水平的开发和建设性的努力-或者由于用户不恰当或错误的使用我们的产品。Condition 1 The technical management and also the persons carrying out maintenanceand overhaul work have to be familiar with the operating instructionsand working instructions (work cards). These have to be available for consultationat all times. 状况1技术管理者和进行保养和大修工作的人必须熟悉发动机工作和操作指导说明书（工作卡片）。必须随时能够从这些人那儿得到咨询。 Caution! Lack of information and disregard of information maycause severe injury to persons, damage to property and the environment!Therefore: Please observe the operating and working instructions!注意！资料缺乏或忽略资料都可能导致人身伤害，以及对财产和环境的损害!因此：请遵守柴油机操作和工作指导说明书！Condition 2Maintenance and overhaul of modern four-stroke engines requires a previousand thorough training of the personnel. The level of knowledge that isacquired during such training is a prerequisite to using the operating instructionsand working instructions (work cards). No warranty claims canbe derived from the fact that a corresponding note is missing in these. 状况2现代四冲程发动机的保养和大修需要对人员进行前期充分的培训。培训期间获得的知识水平是使用发动机操作和工作指导说明书（工作卡片）的前提条件。No warranty claims canbe derived from the fact that a corresponding note is missing in these. Caution! Untrained persons can cause severe injury to persons,damage to property and the environment! Never give orderswhich may exceed the level of knowledge and experience! Accessmust be denied to unauthorised personnel!未接受培训的人员可能造成严重的人身伤害，以及对财产和环境的损害！一定不要下达超出知识和经验水平的命令！对未经批准的人员一定要说“不”！Condition 3The technical documentation is tailored to the specific plant. There may beconsiderable differences to other plants. Informations valid in one casemay, therefore, lead to problems in others.状况 3技术资料是根据特定的设备进行调整的。与其他设备相比可能会有相当大的差别。资料在一个事例中可能完全正确合理，在其他事例中就可能导致出现问题。 Attention! Technical documents are valid for one specific plant!Using information provided for another plant or from outsidesources may, therefore, result in disturbances/damages! Only usepertinent information, never use information from outside sources!注意！技术文件对特定的机械设备来说合理有效。因而应用其他设备或外部的资料会导致混乱/损毁！只能运用恰当的资料，一定不要用外部资料！To be observed as well .这些方面也要注意到：Please also observe the notes on product liability given in the followingsection and the safety regulations in Section 3.一定要遵守下面列出的关于厂商产品责任和第三部分中的安全管理的注意事项。Product Liability厂商产品责任The reliable and economically efficient operation of a propulsion systemrequires that the operator has a comprehensive knowledge. Similarly,proper performance can only then be restored by maintenance or repairwork if such work is done by qualified specialists with the adequateexpertise and skill. Rules of good workmanship have to be observed,negligence is to be avoided.操作者必须具有综合的知识面，才能够对推进系统进行可靠且经济高效的操作。同样地，只有由具有足够的专业知识和技能的专家对设备进行维护保养和修理才能使其够获得优良的性能。必须遵守正确的工艺规则，避免粗心大意。This Technical Documentation complements these faculties by specificinformation, and draws the attention to existing dangers and to the safetyregulations in force. MAN B&W Diesel AG asks you to observe thefollowing:这本技术文件用专业知识补充设备的机能，对现存危险引起注意并进行有效的安全管理。MAN B&W Diesel AG公司要求用户遵守以下几个方面： Caution! Neglection of the Technical Documentation, andespecially of the Operating/Working Instructions and SafetyRegulations, the use of the system for a purpose other than intendedby the supplier, or any other misuse or negligent application mayinvolve considerable damage to property, pecuniary damage and/orpersonal injury, for which the supplier rejects any liabilitywhatsoever.注意！由于对技术资料的忽略，尤其是发动机操作工作指导说明书和安全管理规定，未经供应商允许为了某一目的运用设备系统，或由于其他误用或粗心使用而导致较大的财产以损失及经济损失和人身伤害的，产品供应商拒负任何责任。How the Operating Instruction Manualis organized, and how to use it操作指导手册的组织及其应用Instructions for use 使用指南The operating manual contains written and illustrated information. Someof it is generally useful, some of it really must be observed. This informationis thought to supplement the knowledge and faculties which the personshave who are entrusted with_ the operation, _ the control and supervision, _ the maintenance and repair of the engines. The conventional knowledge and practical experiencealone will not be adequate.操作手册包含文字和插图信息。有一些大体了解即可，有一些是必须遵守的。这些资料是对负责操作控制管理维修保养工作人员的知识和能力的补充。仅有常识和工作经验是不够的。The operating instructions have to be be made available to these persons.The people in charge have the task to familiarise themselves with thecomposition of the operating manual so that they are able to find thenecessary information without lengthy searching.这些人员必须拥有操作指南。负责人也应当操作手册的构成，这样不必长时间搜寻就可以找到所需信息。We attempt to render assistance by a clearly organised composition andby a clear diction of the texts.我们试图通过清晰的结构组织和准确明了的措辞来为您提供帮助。Structure and special features结构和特征The operating instruction manual consists of five sections:操作指导手册由五部分组成：1 Introduction 引言2 Technical details 技术详解3 Operation/Operating media操作/操作媒介4 Maintenance/Repair保养/维修5 Annex 附录It mainly focuses on:_ Understanding the functions/coherences_ Starting and stopping the engine_ Planning engine operation, controlling it according to operating resultsand economic criteria_ Maintaining the operability of the engine,carrying out preventive or scheduled maintenance work主要关注：_理解功能/条理性_启动和停车_计划发动机操作，依照工作结果和经济标准来控制发动机。_保持发动机的操作性，开展预防和定期保养工作。The manual does not deal with:指导手册不处理以下方面：_ Transport, erection, and dismantling of the engine or major componentsof it_ Steps and checks when putting the engine into operation for the firsttime_ Repair work requiring special tools, facilities and experience_ Behaviour in case of/after fire, inrush of water, severe damage andaverage_发动机及其主要部件的运输，建造以及拆卸_第一次操作发动机时的步骤和检查_需要专用工具，设备和经验的修理工作_发生火灾，水灾，严重或一般的损坏后的处置方法What is also of importance其他重要的几个方面Engine design发动机设计The operating manual will be continually updated, and matched to the designof the engine as ordered. There may nevertheless be deviations betweenthe sheets of a primarily describing/illustrating content and the definitedesign.操作手册会不断地升级，与发动机的设计要求相匹配。然而实际的设计可能会与主要描述/插图内容之间有一定的出入。Usually a thematic differentiation is made between marine propulsion engines,marine auxiliary engines and engines for stationary plants. Wherethe factual differences are but slight, the subject is dealt with in a generalmanner. Such passages are to be read selectively, with the appropriatereservations通常来说，船用推进发动机以及船用辅助发动机和用于固定设备的发动机之间会有较大的差别。Where the factual differences are but slight, the subject is dealt with in a general manner。这些部分可以进行有保留的选择性阅读。Technical details 技术详解For technical details of your engine, please refer to:关于发动机的技术细节请参考：_ Section 2, “Technical Details”_ Volume A1, to the publication “. Continuous Development”_ Volume B2, Work Card 000.30_ Volume B5, test run record and commissioning record_ Volume D1, list of measuring, control and regulating instruments_ Volume E1, installation drawing_第二部分，“技术详解”_A1卷，出版“连续不断的发展”_B2卷，工作卡片000.30_B5卷，试运行记录和试车记录_D1卷，测量清单，仪器控制和调节_E1卷，安装图With the exception of the above-mentioned publication, all documentshave been specifically matched to the respective engine.除了上面提到的资料外，所有的资料都与各自的发动机特定匹配。Maintenance schedule/work cards保养日程安排/工作卡片The maintenance schedule is closely related to the work cards of VolumeB2. The work cards describe how a job is to be done, and which tools andfacilities are required for doing it. The maintenance schedule, on the otherhand, gives the periodical intervals and the average requirements in personneland time.保养日程安排与B2卷的工作卡片紧密联系。工作卡片描述了工作如何进行，以及需要哪些工具和设备。另一方面，保养日程安排给出了员工的休息时间和对时间的普通要求。Addresses/Telephone numbers地址/联系电话Addresses地址Table 1 contains the addresses of Works of the MBD and of the TechnicalBranch Office in Hamburg. The addresses of MAN B&W service centers,agencies and authorised repair workshops can be looked up in thebrochure “Diesel and Turbocharger Service Worldwide” in Volume A1.表一含有MBD厂和汉堡的技术办事处分支的地址。MAN B&W的服务中心，经销处和授权修理店可以在“柴油机和增压器全球服务”小册子的A1卷中查到。Company公司Address地址Work AugsburgMAN B&W Diesel AGD-86224 AugsburgPhone +49 (0)821 322 0电话+49 (0)821 322 0Fax +49 (0)821 322 3382传真+49 (0)821 322 3382Work HamburgMAN B&W Diesel AGService Center, Werk HamburgRossweg 620457 HamburgPhone +49 (0)40 7409 0电话+49 (0)40 7409 0Fax +49 (0)40 7409 104传真+49 (0)40 7409 104Technical Branch Office Hamburg汉堡技术办事处分支MAN B&W Diesel AGVertriebsbro HamburgAdmiralittstrae 56D-20459 HamburgPhone +49 (0)40 378515 0电话+49 (0)40 378515 0Fax +49 (0)40 378515 10传真+49 (0)40 378515 10MAN B&W Service Center,agencies and authorised repair workshopsMAN B&W公司服务中心，经销处和授权维店Please look up in the brochure“Diesel and Turbocharger ServiceWorldwide” 请在 “柴油机和增压器全球服务”小册子的A1卷中查找Table 1. Companies and addresses of the MAN B&W Diesel AGMAN B&W Diesel AG集团的公司和地址。Contact联系方式Table 2 contains the names, telephone and fax numbers of the competentpersons who can give advise and render assistance to you if required.表2中含有我们公司专业人员的姓名，电话和传真号码，在你需要的时候他们可以给你建议与帮助。Your contact 联系方式Work AugsburgPhone电话:+49 (0)821 322 .Fax传真:+49 (0)821 322 .Work Hamburg汉堡厂Service Center服务中心Phone电话:+49 (0)40 7409 .Fax传真:+49 (0)40 7409 .MAN B&W ServiceCenter, agencies,authorised repairworkshopsMAN B&W公司服务中心，经销处和授权维店Service Engines发动机服务Waschezek MSTPhone电话 . 3930Fax 传真. 3838Taucke MST4Phone电话 . 149Fax传真 . 249Look up in the brochure“Diesel and TurbochargerServiceWorldwide”in Volume A1请在 “柴油机和增压器全球服务”小册子的A1卷中查找Service Turcharger增压器服务Nickel TS Phone 电话. 3994Fax 传真. 3998Service Spare parts备用件服务Stadler MSCPhone电话 . 3580Fax传真 . 3720Table 2. Persons to be contacted, telepone and fax numbers表2联系人的电话和传真号码Technical details技术详解1 Introduction 1 引言2 Technical details 2 技术详解3 Operation/Operating media 3 操作/操作媒介4 Maintenance/Repair 4 维护保养/修理5 Annex 5 附录Scope of supply/Technical specification 2.1供货范围/技术说明书2.1 Scope of supply/Technical specification2.2 Engine2.3 Components/Subassemblies2.4 Systems2.5 Technical data2.1供货范围/技术说明书2.2发动机2.3 部件/组件2.4 系统2.5 技术数据MAN B&W Diesel AGsScope of Supply/Technical Specification 2.1.1MAN B&W Diesel AG的供货范围/技术规范2.1.1Items supplied供货项目The next page is a list of the items we have supplied. We are giving youthis list to ensure that you contact the right partner for obtaininginformation/assistance.下一页是我们提供的项目清单。为确保您能联系到正确的我们公司的合作者获得资料与帮助，我们会给您这样一份清单。For all items supplied by us .我们所提供的所有项目For all questions you have on items supplied by us, please contactMAN B&W Diesel AG in Augsburg,and for typical service questions,MAN B&W service centers,agencies and authorised repair workshops all over the world.对我们所提供项目上的所有问题，请联系在奥格斯堡的MAN B&W Diesel AG公司，咨询典型服务问题，MAN B&W服务中心代理处和全球授权修理店For all items not supplied by us .我们所不提供的所有项目For all items not supplied by us, please directly contact the subsuppliers,except the components/systems supplied by MAN B&W Diesel AG areconcerned to a major extent or similar, obvious reasons apply.对我们所不提供的所有项目，请直接联系下游供货商，除非MAN B&W Diesel AG所提供的组件/系统存在较大范围或者相似的，明显的理由申请。Technical Specification技术规范The order confirmation, technical specification related to orderconfirmation and technical specification of the engine containsupplementary information.订单确认书，涉及订单确认书的技术规范和发动机技术规范含有增补资料。Engine 2.2 发动机2.22.1 Scope of supply/Technical specification2.2 Engine2.3 Components/Subassemblies2.4 Systems2.5 Technical data2.1应用范围/技术说明书2.2发动机2.3 部件/组件2.4 系统2.5 技术数据Characteristics特征The engine 32/40 supplementsa successful engine series -571 engines sold (status: 01/02)32/40发动机Engines with the type designation L 32/40 are turbocharged, unidirectional,four-stroke, in-line engines with a cylinder bore of 320 mm and a stroke of400 mm. They are used for marine propulsion and auxiliary applications,and as stationary engines in power stations. The characteristic features ofthe larger engine types of MAN B&W Diesel AGs production programmehave been adopted for this engine. The engine benefits from the designprinciples and the rich experience gained with approx. 1248 engines(status 01/02).L 32/40型发动机是采用涡轮增压，单向，四冲程，直列发动机，缸径320毫米，冲程400毫米。用作船用推进力和辅助设备，还有电厂里的固定发动机组。采用MAN B&W Diesel AG公司的大型发动机产品方案的突出特征。此发动机得益于1248发动机的设计原理与丰富经验。(status 01/02).Characteristics in key words关键特征When viewing onto the coupling end, the exhaust gas pipe is at the right(exhaust side AS), and the charge air pipe at the left (exhaust counterside, AGS).从飞轮端看，排气管在发动机右侧（排气端AS），进气管在发动机左侧（排气反端，AGS）。The engine has two camshafts. One of them is used for inlet/exhaustvalve actuation on the exhaust side, the second one serves to drive theinjection pumps on the exhaust counter side. Hydraulically actuatedadjusting device permit to adjust both the valve timing and the injectiontiming, depending on the design ordered.发动机有两根凸轮轴。一根用于排气端进排气门的驱动，另一根用来驱动排气反端的喷油泵。液力调整装置可调整气门正时和喷油正时，取决于规定的设计。The turbochargers and charge-air coolers are at the coupling end on mostof the propeller propulsion engines, and at the free engine end ongenerator engines. Cooling water and lube oil pumps can be driven via adrive unit on the free engine end.大多数螺旋桨推进发动机的涡轮增压器和中冷器在飞轮端，而发电机的在自由端。冷却水泵和润滑油泵由自由端的驱动单元驱动。The engine can be operated on fuel oil of up to 700 mm2/s at 50C up to,and including CIMAC H/K 55. It can be adapted to operation on MDO, ifdesired.发动机能够使用50C下粘度为700 mm2/s的燃油，包括CIMAC H/K 55。如果需要还能还能使用MDO。Engines of the type L 32/40 have a large stroke/bore ratio and a highcompression ratio. These characteristics facilitate an optimisation of thecombustion space geometry and contribute to a good part-load behaviorand a high efficiency.L 32/40型发动机拥有很大的行程缸径比和很高的压缩比。这些特性使其容易获得理想的几何燃烧空间和良好的部分负荷性能以及较高的效率。The engines are equipped with MAN B&W turbochargers of the NR type.发动机装备MAN B&W的NR型涡轮增压器。Photographies/Drawings照片/图纸 2.2.2Figure 1. 7-cylinder engine L32/40 four-stroke engine viewed from the exhaust counter side图1. 7缸四冲程发动机L32/40，从排气对侧看Figure 2. 7L 32/40, viewed from the exhaust side图2.7缸 L 32/40，从排气侧看Figure 3. Engine cross section, viewed from the coupling side图3.发动机剖面图，从飞轮端看Figure 4. Longitudinal section of engine (free engine end/exhaust counter side)图4.发动机纵剖面（发动机自由端/排气对侧）Figure 5. Longitudinal section of engine (coupling side/exhaust side)图5.发动机纵剖面（飞轮端/排气侧）Components/Subassemblies 2.3部件/组件2.1 Scope of supply/Technical specification2.2 Engine2.3 Components/Subassemblies2.4 Systems2.5 Technical data2.1应用范围/技术说明书2.2发动机2.3 部件/组装2.4 系统2.5 技术数据Standard engine designCrankcase to cylinder head 2.3.1发动机标准设计从曲轴箱到汽缸盖Crankcase曲轴箱 Figure 1. Main components/tie rod 图1.主要部件/拉杆Crankcase/main bearing/tie rod曲轴箱/主轴承/拉杆The engine crankcase is made from cast iron. It is solid and designed tobe very rigid. Tie rods extend from the lower edge of the underslung mainbearing up to the upper edge of the crankcase and from the upper edge ofthe cylinder head to the intermediate bottom. The bearing covers of themain bearings are, in addition, laterally braced to the casing. The controldrive and the vibration damper casing are integrated in the crankcase.发动机曲轴箱由铸铁制造。曲轴箱非常坚固并且设计的非常坚硬。贯穿螺栓从主轴承下边缘伸出一直到曲轴箱的上边缘，连接螺栓从气缸盖的上边缘一直到中间的底部。另外侧拉螺栓将主轴承盖紧固到机体上。齿轮室和减震器壳集成在曲轴箱中。 Figure 2. Crankcase in unmachined condition 图2.未进行机械加工的曲轴箱Cooling water/lubricating oil冷却水/润滑油The crankcase does not have any water spaces.