高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题一 阅读理解 第三节 题组练习 5 说理议论课件.ppt

题组5说理议论 专题一阅读理解第三节题组训练 a 2017 四川宜宾二次诊断 famouspeoplehavealotofinfluencesonculturaltrends likeitornot whenoprahgoesona21 dayvegandiet itmakesheadlines whenamalclooneywearsastellamccartneydress salesgowayup however onetrendthatseemsharmless butisactuallyharmful isthepressureonstarstohavetheirphotostakenwithrareanimals famouspeoplewhoareaskedtohavephotostakenwithwildanimalsforamagazinespreadorwhodosowhileonvacationalwayshavegoodintentionsandevenloveanimals thismakesthemeasytargetsfortheoftengreedyamusementparksandfakeanimalcenters thesebusinesspeoplelovethethoughtofsharingpicturesofastarhuggingababytigerorawhale kindpeoplearenaturallydrawntoplacesthatclaimtoofferrareanimalssafetyandareeagertoseeelephantspaint tohugbabybearsortoswimwithdolphins however beingfrequentlyexposedhasshownthatmanyofthesebusinesspeoplearebreeders 饲养动物者 dealersorexhibitorsthatareusingstars goodwillfortheirownends insomeasiancountries elephantsarekeptincamps afewcampsareworkingtohelpelephantsintrouble butthevastmajorityarenot andtrainingmethodsarebarbaric assoonasthecamerasaregoneaftersomeonelikeprincewilliamtakesaphotowithanelephant thechainsgobackon fanstellthestars stayawayfromwildanimalphotos andtheanimalswillbegrateful ofcourse youdon thavetobefamoustomakeadifference whetherrighthereathomeoratanexoticlocaleabroad everyoneofusmustfightthedesiretotakeaphotowithanelephantorhugababytiger 语篇解读 语篇解读本文为议论文 为了表达对动物的热爱 一些名人常与动物一起拍照 这种现象已经成为一种文化潮流 但作者认为在大部分情况下 这种方式有百害而无一利 1 whyareoprahandamalclooneymentionedinparagraph1 a tointroducethetopicofthepassage b topromotetheculturalinfluenceonstars c toremindpeoplehowimportantthetrendis d toshowfamouspeople spressurefromwildanimals 解析推理判断题 第一段的最后一句作者点出本文的主题 由此可见作者首先提及oprah及amalclooney旨在引出主题 故答案为a项 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 2 whatcanwelearnfromthepassage a thebusinesspeopleofferchancestostarstogetclosetoanimals b famousstarsusephotoswithrareanimalstomakeadifference c businessmentakeadvantageofstars goodwilltoearnmoney d thekindandrichpeopleareeasilyattractedtovisitwildanimals 解析细节理解题 根据第二段最后一句中的 manyofthesebusinesspeoplearebreeders dealersorexhibitorsthatareusingstars goodwillfortheirownends 可知答案为c项 商人利用明星们的善意来赚钱 其他三项在文中均未被提及 故全部排除 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 3 whatdoestheunderlinedword barbaric inparagraph3mean a effective b cruel c scientific d kind 解析词义猜测题 根据画线词前的 butthevastmajorityarenot 和其后一句 assoonasthecamerasaregoneaftersomeonelikeprincewilliamtakesaphotowithanelephant thechainsgobackon 可推知 训练动物的方法是残忍的 cruel 故答案为b项 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 4 whatisthepassagemainlyabout a thenumberofelephantsandtigersisincreasing b keepingawayfromanimalpicturescanprotectthem c peoplewillbeencouragedtotakephotoswithanimals d thefamousmayhaveanegativeinfluenceonculturaltrends 解析主旨大意题 根据第一段最后一句可推知本题答案为d项 名人对文化潮流可能会造成负面影响 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 b 2017 江西九江十校联考 asgraduationdrawsnear thosewhohaven tlandedajobyetmaybedesperatetofindone perhapssomeofthejobofferstheyhavereceivedarebelowtheirskillandexperiencelevels isitbettertotaketheseoffers orrejectthemandremainunemployed recently davidpedulla auniversityoftexassociologist conductedastudyabouthowtakingajobbelowyourskilllevelcouldaffectyourfutureemployment inthestudy pedulladevelopedresumesforimaginaryjobapplicants thejobseekershecreatedhadafewthingsincommon theyhadacollegedegree workednearlytwoyearsattheirfirstjob andabout4 5yearsattheirsecondjob whatdifferedwastheirthirdjobinthemostrecentyear theyeitherhadafull timejobthatmatchedtheirskills apart timejobbelowtheirskilllevels orwereunemployed thenpedullasubmitted2 420resumesbasedonhisimaginaryjobseekers alongwithcoverletters toonlineadsfor1 210realjobs eachapplicanthadarealphonenumberthatemployerscouldcontactiftheywereinterestedintalkingwiththeapplicantfurther thecallbackratesvariedwidelybasedonhowtheimaginaryjobseekershadspenttheirlastyear theapplicantswhohadfull timejobsthepreviousyearwerecalledback10 4percentofthetime thosewhosemostrecentyearofemploymentwasinajobbelowtheirskilllevelswereonlycalledbackabout5percent maleapplicantsunemployedforayearwerecalledback4 2percentofthetime whilethefigureis7 5percentforunemployedfemales however pedullacautionedthattheexperimentonlymeasuredtheinitialinterestofemployersinhisfictionaljobcandidates notwhethertheemployerswouldhirethemorwhattheywouldbepaidbasedontheirmostrecentjobexperiences 语篇解读工作与自身水平相称有多重要 你对于自己的第一份工作有何打算 仓促上岗使不得 每份工作都会影响你未来发展的轨迹 语篇解读 5 thepurposeofthefirstparagraphis a toleadinthetopicb topresentanargumentc toshockthereadersd todescribethepresentsituationinjobseeking 解析推理判断题 通读全文可知这篇文章主要介绍了美国一位社会学家做的一份 接受低于自身技能水平的工作 可能会影响未来就业前途 的调查 根据第一段的内容可知其目的主要是引出话题 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 6 whichstatementisnottrueaboutpedulla sexperiment a theapplicantshadsomethingsincommonattheirfirsttwojobs b theapplicants resumesandphonenumbersarecreatedbypedulla c theapplicants mostrecentjobexperiencesaffectedthecallbackrates d unemployedfemaleapplicantsgotahighercallbackratethanmales 解析细节理解题 根据第四段第二句 eachapplicanthadarealphonenumberthatemployerscouldcontact 可知b项不符合原文 根据第三段的第二 三两句可排除a 根据倒数第二段的第一句可排除c 根据倒数第二段的最后一句可排除d 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 7 whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph a theapplicantswithahighcallbackratewouldsurelybehired b theapplicants mostrecentjobexperienceswoulddecidetheirsalaries c therearesomelimitsaboutwhatlessonscanbetakenfromthestudy d itisbettertotakeajobofferbelowone sskilllevelthantorejectit 解析推理判断题 根据最后一段的内容 尤其是 however cautioned onlymeasured 等词语可推断出从这个研究中学到的东西有局限性 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 8 inwhichsectionmaythetextappearinanewspaper a career b science c culture d education 解析文章出处题 文章主要介绍了美国得克萨斯大学的一位社会学家做的一份 接受低于自身技能水平的工作 会如何影响未来就业前途 的调查 故最有可能在职场版面见到这篇文章 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 c 2017 第二次全国大联考 therearemanyusefulthingswecandoeachdaytofeelbetter itmaytakesomeeffortsandtimetomakeahabitofdrinking8glassesofwaterdailyorthinkingmorepositively butitiswellworthit whatthingsdoyoudoeverydaytofeelbetter probablythehealthiestthingyoucandotofeelbettereachdayistoexerciseearlyinthemorning youdon thavetorunthewholemorningorspendafewhoursinthegym evendoingsomeeasyexerciselikewalking sit upsorjumpingtheropewillhelpyoufeelbetterinnotime again duetoourbusyschedules wedon tgetenoughsleepeachnight ifyouhavetroublefallingasleep avoidwatchingtvorsurfingtheinternetrightbeforebed also trytomakehealthybedtimesnackchoicesanddon tdrinkteaorcoffeetoolateintheday ifyoudrink3glassesofwater 4glassesofcoffeeorteaandaglassofsodaeachdayandthinkthatyoudrinkenoughwater thinkagain yourbodyneedswater notcoffeeorsoda tofunctionproperly aimingtodrink7 8glassesofwatereachdaycanmakeyoufeelbetter beingpositiveisthekeytoalongerlife positivethoughtscanhelpimproveyouroverallhealth lifeisfullofstressfulsituationsandit shardtostaycheerfulwheneverythinggoeswrong butyourpositiveattitudecanhelpyousolveanyproblemandfightanystressfasterandeasier yourpositiveattitudeisespeciallygoodforyourhearthealth smile staypositiveandlivealongerlife 语篇解读本文介绍了为获得身心健康和长寿 人们应该做的事情和应该有的处世态度 语篇解读 9 intheauthor sopinion whichcanbenefitusmostinorderthatwefeelbetter a sleepingenough b drinkingenoughwater c thinkingmorepositively d takingmorningexercises 解析细节理解题 根据第二段第一句可知 答案 解析 10 11 9 12 10 whichofthefollowingagreeswithwhatissaidinparagraph3 a drinkingteaorcoffeemakesussleepless b drinkingteabeforebedmakesithardertofallasleep c watchingtvorsurfingtheinternetleadstolesssleep d ourbusyschedulescausemoredifficultyinfallingasleep 解析推理判断题 根据第三段最后两句 ifyouhavetroublefallingasleep avoidwatchingtvorsurfingtheinternetrightbeforebed also trytomakehealthybedtimesnackchoicesanddon tdrinkteaorcoffeetoolateintheday 可知选b 答案 解析 10 11 9 12 11 whyiswaternecessarytoourbody a becauseitcanmakeusfeelbetter b becauseitcanhaveourbodyworksmoothly c becauseitcandomoregoodtoourbodythancoffee d becauseitcanhelpavoidfeelingthirsty 解析细节理解题 根据第四段第二句 yourbodyneedswater notcoffeeorsoda tofunctionproperly 可知选b 答案 解析 10 11 9 12 12 whatdoweneedmostwheneverythinggoeswrong a thinkingpositively b thinkingoutwiseways c havingarightattitude d stayingcheerful 解析推理判断题 根据最后一段中的 it shardtostaycheerfulwheneverythinggoeswrong butyourpositiveattitudecanhelpyousolveanyproblemandfightanystressfasterandeasier 可知选a 答案 解析 10 11 9 12 d 2017 山东淄博二模 eversincedonaldtrumpwaselectedthepresidentoftheus theentiretrumpfamilyhasbeenputunderamicroscope inchina thespotlighthasbeenmainlyfocusedontrumpandhisdaughterivanka sheisdescribedonwechatasanextremelyinfluentialrolemodelwithstrikingbeauty asuccessfulcareer andahappyfamily sheleadsadreamlifethatamilliongirlswouldlongfor yes shewasbornwithasilverspooninhermouth butshegotwheresheisbyherself there salwaysgoingtobearticlesthatsaypeoplebornintowealthyfamiliesarebetter lookingandhaveabetterfamilybackgroundthanyou butthesepeopledoworkharderthanyou thereisatendencyinthemedianowadaystoencourageelitism 精英主义 theyaretryingtobrainwashyoungpeopleintothinkingthattheyshouldinvestanenormousamountoftimeandmoneyinbodybuildingandappearanceimprovement evenplasticsurgery theymakeyoubelievethatifyoudoastheysay youcanimprovethequalityofyourlifeandjointheupperclass butwhat sthedownsideofbeingaverageorcommon doyoureallyneedtogotothegymfivedaysaweekunlessyouareagymcrazy doyoureallyneedtobreakyourneckandsacrificetoearnyourfirstpotofgoldonlytoworryconstantlyabouthowtofitinhighsocietylater don tlettheideaofelitismgettoyou everybodyhasarighttothelifetheywant humanbeingsshouldnotbejudgedasasuccessorfailurebasedonwhethertheyareapartoftheupperclassornot aslongasyouleadahappyandcomfortablelife whybothertochaseafterotherpeople sshadows chooseyourownlifepathandgoforit 语篇解读 语篇解读本文为议论文 本文由美国新当选总统特朗普的女儿伊万卡的 完美人生 引发人们的思考 人们是否必须成为 精英 并过 精英生活 13 whichofthefollowingaboutivankaisnotmentionedinthetext a shewasborninawealthyfamily b shemadeitduetoherfather c shehasasuccessfulcareer d sheisprettybeautiful 解析细节理解题 根据第二段中的 strikingbeauty asuccessfulcareer 及 wasbornwithasilverspooninhermouth 可排除a c d三项 b项 她是靠她的父亲成功的 与第二段最后一句 butshegotwheresheisbyherself 不符 故答案为b项 答案 解析 14 15 13 14 whatistheauthor sattitudetowardsthetendencyinthemediaaboutelitism a unconcerned b doubtful c negative d approving 解析观点态度题 根据文章最后两段可推知作者对媒体鼓励 精英主义 这一趋势持否定态度 故答案为c项 答案 解析 14 15 13 15 whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext a runafterstars shadowsb elitismandtheupperclassc trumpandhisdaughterivankad followyourowncourseinlife 解析标题归纳题 作者在文章最后一句点出了本文的主题 选择你自己的路并走下去 故答案为d项 答案 解析 14 15 13 单词梳理1 freezingwinteris harm toorangetrees 2 theireffortstoimprovetheproductionhavebeenvery effect 3 hehadjustattendedhisdaughter s graduate 4 he desperate sawherdisappearintothecrowd 5 recent theyhavediscoveredacomet 彗星 6 hestated positive thathehadneverseentheman harmful effective graduation desperately recently positively 7