中考英语总复习 第40讲 阅读理解（一）课件 人教新目标版.ppt

阅读理解 一 第四十讲 阅读理解 2014 黄石 soapoperasfromsouthkoreahavebeenpopularinchinaformorethantwentyyearsnow soitisnotthefirsttimeforthesoapoperasmadeinchinatofeellesspopular butthistime theyarefacingmoredifficulties fortheheirs 继承者 andmylovefromthestarreallymadeafullsuccess whichevenattractedsometopofficials aseniorofficialsaidhesometimeswatchedsoapoperasfromsouthkorea aswellashouseofcards anamericanoperaaboutpolitics theseoperasmadebothinsouthkoreaandinamericahavealotofloversinchina manypeopleagreethatchina ssoapoperascan tbemuchlovedbymostchinese becausetheyarenotasinterestingandexcitingasthoseoperasfromsouthkoreaandamerica suchasmylovefromthestar akoreanlovestorybetweenatime travelingprofessorandafamousmoviestar however koreanshowsnotonlyprovidesoapoperasbutalsosomeprogrammings 综艺节目 dad wherearewegoing isnotanoriginalchineseshow welearneditfromsouthkoreaalthoughnotmanyinchinaareaware 意识到 ofthatfact actually chinahasacloserculturewithsouthkorea showsfromthisneighborseemtodobetterwiththeirexcitingstoriesonthecinderellatheme 灰姑娘主题 yettheyhavecreatedmanypopularshowswhosestoriestellthere snodifferencebetweenmenandwomeneventhoughintheircountrymenarecertaintoplay a more important role 1 whenmightsoapoperasfromsouthkoreabecomepopularinchina a 1991 b 1971 c 2010 d 2001 2 mostpeopleinchinalikewatchingshowsmadein a europeb chinac southkoread japan a c 3 theoperasmadeinchinaarenotaspopularasthoseinsouthkoreaoramerica because a seniorofficialsdon tallowustowatchthemb theyarenotveryinterestingandexcitingc chinesepeoplearemoreinterestedinpoliticsd theywereonlymadetwentyyearsago b 4 accordingtothepassage wecanknowdad wherearewegoing is a morepopularthanmylovefromthestarb lovedbyalotofkoreansc aboutthelovebetweenaprofessorandastard originallyfromsouthkorea d 5 whatdoestheunderlinedphrase playamoreimportantrole mean a there snodifferencebetweenwomenandmen b menlikesoapoperasbetterthanwomen c womendon tlikethepartsplayedbymen d menarebelievedtosupportthefamiliesandsocietymore d 中考英语 阅读理解 题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力 很多同学在做题时常常有一种 读得懂做不对 的感觉 那么有必要对阅读理解这种题型及其解题技巧作一些简要的分析 从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看 短文体裁多样 题材各异 文章涉及科学知识 社会文化 政治历史 人文环境和日常生活等方面 充分体现其时代性 实用性 短文难度逐年加大 常见题型有主旨题 细节题 推断题 猜测词义题和判断正误题 做阅读理解练习应先看问题 弄清考点 在阅读短文之前 快速浏览问题 以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数 快速 准确地捕捉所需信息 其次要注意先易后难 做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序 应遵循先易后难的原则 如可先做细节题再做推断题 因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案 而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解 再作判断 一 主旨概括题主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握 做此类题时 应通读全文 理解文章大意 充分理解主题句的意义 短文往往围绕主题句展开 主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句 二 细节理解题细节题是用来进一步表达主题 体现中心思想的 往往针对短文某个细节来设题 做此类题时 应快速捕捉信息 可能是一些事例 数字等 阅读时要有针对性 例1 2013 温州 ithasbeenmorethantwothousandyearssincewebegantouseanumbrellaonrainydays however peopleoftenfeltitnotconvenienttoholdanumbrellawhileworking thentherubberraincoatwasinventedbyanenglishmannamedmacintoshin1823 in1492 columbus awell knownitalianvoyager discoveredthenewworld theamericas hebroughtalotofthingstoeuropefromsouthamerica rubberwasoneofthem butpeopledidn tknowtheuseofrubberatthattime in1770 peoplefoundthattherubbercouldbeusedaserasers macintoshwasaworkerinaneraserfactoryinscotland onedayhespilled 洒出 therubberliquidoverhisclothescarelesslywhenmakingerasers hewastoobusytocleanitandwentbackhomewearingthedirtyclothes onthewayhome itrainedheavily havingnoumbrella macintoshhadtorunhomequickly whenhegothome hetookoffthewetclothes tohissurprise theareaoftheclotheswithrubberwasn twet whynotmakearubberraincoat macintoshthought thenextdayhebrushedtherubberliquidalloveracoat heworethe rubbercoat onrainydaysandtookawalkinthefieldtotestifitcouldreallykeepofftherain surprisingly theclothesinsidethe rubbercoat weren twetatall therubberraincoatwascreatedinthiswaybychance therubberraincoatssoonappearedonthemarket however theyweresticky 黏的 insummerandhardenedinwinter yearafteryear peoplekeptonimprovingtheraincoats todayraincoatsarewidelyusedinourdailylife 1 therubberraincoatwasinventedby a achineseb anitalianc anenglishmand anamerican解析 细节理解题 由第一段的最后一句 wasinventedbyanenglishman 可知 雨衣是由英国人发明的 答案 c 2 whatdidcolumbusbringtoeuropein1492 a rubber b umbrellas c erasers d raincoats 解析 细节理解题 由第二段的第二 三句 hebroughtalotofthings rubberwasoneofthem 可知 columbus把橡胶带到了欧洲 答案 a 3 whydidmacintoshwearthe rubbercoat onrainydays a toshowhisnice rubbercoat b tosellittoafarmer c totestifitcouldkeepofftherain d togotoworkinthefield 解析 细节理解题 由第三段倒数第三句 tookawalkinthefieldtotestifitcouldreallykeepofftherain 可知 他在雨天穿橡胶外套是为了测试它是否真的能够挡雨 答案 c 4 whichofthefollowingistrue a macintoshworkedinamarketinthescotland b therubberraincoatwascreatedbychance c thefirstrubberraincoatwasstickyinthewinter d theumbrellawasinventedaftertherubberraincoat 解析 细节理解题 由第三段最后一句 wascreatedinthiswaybychance 可知 雨衣是被偶然发明的 答案 b 2014 宜宾 momstakecareoftheirchildrenlifeanddadsbringhomefoodandmakethefamilyrules thesearetherolesmomsanddadsfallintowhentheybecomeparentsandit scommonamongallcultures buttimeschangeandparents rolesseemtobechanging too morewomenarebringinghomefoodbyhavingfull timejobsandmenaretakingcareoftheirchildrenathome chinesetvshowwherearew sinmodernfamilylife theshowfollowstheadventures 冒险经历 offivecelebrity 明星 dadswhotaketripswiththeiryoungchildren aged4to6 andtrytocompleteasetoftasks itshowshowyoungdadsaretryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem youngdadsnolongerwanttobecold psychologists 心理学家 saythatastrongfatherlyinfluenceisimportantinachild sdevelopment fathersteachtheirchildrenskillsandencouragethemtotrynewthings theyalsogivethemasenseofsafety achildlearnsthatifsomethinggoeswrong heorshecandepe tohelpfixit thepsychologistsalsosaythatwithoutadad achildismorepossibletodropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble amother sloveisimportant andsoisafather slove chenmo apsychologyprofessorsays ittakesbothparentstoraiseachild childrenhavedifferentneedsatdifferentagesandthisneedstobeconsideredbybothparents 1 whatarethecommonrolesofmomsanddadsinallcultures a momstakecareoftheirchildrenanddadsbringhomefoodandmakethefamilyrules b momsbringhomefoodbyhavingfull timejobsanddadstakecareoftheirchildrenathome c bothparentstakecareoftheirchildrenathome d bothparentsgoouttowork whilegrandparentstakecareoftheirchildrenathome a 2 whataretheyoungdadstryingtodointheshow a theyaretryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem b theyaretryingtocompleteasetoftaskswiththeirkids theyarealsotryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem c theyaretryingtomakemoremoney d theyaretryingtobecoldtotheirkids b 3 whyisastrongfatherlyinfluenceimportantinachild sdevelopment a fathersteachtheirchildrenskillsandencouragethemtotrynewthings theyalsogivethemasenseofsafety b ifsomethinggoeswrong achildcandependondadtohelpfixit c withadad achildcandobetterinschoolwork d withoutadad achildismorepossibletodropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble a 4 whatisachildmorepossibletodowithoutadad a stayoutlate b getintotroubleanddobadlyinschoolwork c dropoutofschool d dropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble d 5 whydoesittakebothparentstoraiseachild a achildfeelssaferwithbothparents b achildfeelshappierwithbothparents c bothparentsneedtoconsiderthatchildrenhavedifferentneedsatdifferentages d itisboththefather sandthemother sdutytoraiseachild c 一 2014 成都 mr smithistellingtwofunnystoriesofhispolicework storyairemembercatchinga thief inaclothesshoponce itwasstrange themanwashidingayellowsweaterinsidehiscoat ithoughthehadstolenit soicaughthim wefoundlaterthathiswifegavehimthesweaterforhisbirthday buthehatedit hejustwantedtoreturnittotheshopformoney buthedidn twanthiswifetoseehim wesoonlethimgo storybanotherday amancalledbobwentintoabankonsixthstreet hewroteonthebackofanenvelope givemethemoney ori llkillyou andgaveittothebankclerk shegavehim 100 000andthemanranaway thenwereceivedaphonecallfromthebankclerk shetoldustogototheman shouseincandytownandgethim wecaughthimassoonashegotoutoftheelevator hecouldn tbelievethatwefoundhimsoquickly wetoldhimthatthefrontoftheenvelopeheusedhadhisnameandaddressonit 1 whatdoesmr smithdo a abankclerk b apoliceman c athief 2 mr smithcaughtthemanintheclothesshop a byexchangeb bymistakec byaccident3 whydidthemanreturnthesweatertotheshop a becausehedidn twanthiswifetoseeit b becausehelikedmoneymorethanthesweater c becausehehateditandwantedtogetthemoneyback b b c 4 bobwascaughtsoquicklybecause a hisaddresswasfoundontheenvelopeheusedb hereceivedaphonecallfromthebankclerkc thepolicewaitedforhimoutsidetheelevator5 whatdoyouthinkofbob a heisbrave b heiscareful c heiscareless a c 二 2014 重庆 abigumbrellanancy isawsevengirlsinoneumbrellaandnoneofthemgotwet taney oh thatmustbeaverybigumbrella nancy no itwasn training agoodboylittlerobertaskedhismotherfortwocents 美分 whatdidyoudowiththemoneyigaveyouyesterday igaveittoapooroldwoman heanswered you reagoodboy saidthemotherproudly herearetwomorecents butwhyareyousointerestedintheoldwoman sheistheonewhosellscandies breakamirror whatareyousohappyabout jason lisaaskedthe98 year oldman ibrokeamirror hereplied butthatmeanssevenyearsofbadluck iknow hesaidhappily isn titwonderful icanliveforanothersevenyears 6 thethreepassagesaboveareall a jokesb noticesc newsd letters a 7 thesevengirlsdidn tgetwetbecause a theumbrellawasbigenoughb thesevengirlsworeraincoatsc itwasn trainingatalld itwasn taheavyrain8 littlerobertspentthemoney a helpingthepooroldladyb buyingcandiesforhimselfc helpinghismomd buyinggiftsforhismom9 brokethemirror a nancyb lisac robertd jason c b d 三 2014 安徽 tonywheelerwasborntotravel hisfatherworkedforanairline forthefirst16yearsofhislife wheelerandhisfamilylivedinmanydifferentcountries intheearly1970s tonymetayoungwomannamedmaureen theysoonmarried beforegettingjobs tonyandmaureenwantedtotravel theytookayear longtripfromengland throughasia toaustralia onthetrip theyvisitedplaceslikeiran 伊朗 india andsoon whentonyandmaureenarrivedinaustralia peopleaskedmanyquestionsabouttheirtrip toanswerthesequestions wheelerwroteabookcalledacrossasiaonthecheap thebooktoldpeopleaboutdifferentcountries weather customs 风俗 andplacestosee butunlikeothertravelbooksthen tonywheeler sbookalsotalkedaboutplacesmosttouristsdidnotgo healsowroteaboutunusualthingstoseeanddo thebookwasverypopular tonyandmaureenstartedacompanycalledlonelyplanet theycontinuedtravelling theywrotebooksforeachplacetheyvisited today 800peopleworkforlonelyplanet thecompanyhasover650books tonywheeler thegreattraveller stillwritesabouttravelstomanyplacesandwillbringusmoresurprises 10 tonywheelerandhiswifeendedtheyear longtripin a englandb iranc indiad australia11 tonywheelerwrotethebookacrossasiaonthecheapto a makemoneyforhisnexttripb tellpeopleabouthisnewcompanyc drawpeople sattentiontohisfamilyd answerpeople squestionsabouthistrip d d 12 howwasthebookacrossasiaonthecheapdifferentfromothertravelbooksthen a itwaslongerandmorepopular b itwasthefirsttravelbookintheworld c ittalkedaboutplacesmosttouristsdidnotgo d ittalkedaboutacountry sweatherandcustoms 13 whichofthefollowingistrueabouttonywheeler scompany a hisfatherstartedit b itisanairlinecompany c hundredsofpeopleworkforit d ithasnobooksabouttravelling c c 14 thepassagemainlytalksabout a agreattravellerandhisbooksb atourofdifferentcountriesc agreatwriterandhisfamilyd differentkindsofcompanies a 四 2014 咸宁 17 year oldtibetanboyclimbs40metersupatalltreeonlytogetsomehoneyasaningredientforatraditionallocaldrink themoneyhemakesfromsellingthehoneywillbeusedtopayforhisyoungerbrother stuitionfee 学费 thisisonlyascenefromthefirstepisode 集 ofcctv snewdocumentary abiteofchina2 whichappearedonapril18 2014 buttheyareenoughreasonsforviewerstospendanhoureveryfridayuntiljune6enjoyinginfrontoftheirtelevisionsets viewershavehadtowaitalongtimesinceabiteofchinafirstcameoutin2012 backthen theseven episodedocumentarywasconsideredthebestoneeverproducedbycctv withitsgoodeffectsandrichfoodculture afamousforeignerpraisedit saying it sthebesttvshowi veeverseenaboutfood i msureit sthebestoneevermade thenewseasonincludeseightepisodes covering300typesoffood accordingtocctv everyminuteoftheshowwasedited 编辑 outof150minutesoffootage 影像镜头 findingtheirsubjectswasoftenthehardestpartofthefilmteam sjob ittookthemsixmonthstofilmabeekeepingcouple whichincludedajourneyofmorethan2 000kilometers foodisapersonalthing inthatnodishsuitsalltastes however theprogramhasstillmanagedtomoveallsortsofviewers comparedwithabiteofchina thenewseasonhasamorehumantouch whichmakesviewerscoversometearswhiletheirmouthsarewatering saidsinaentertainment asalways thepeoplearethemostinterestingpart abiteofchina2showsagreaterdream throughhomemadefood ittellsthejoysandsorrowsofcommonchineseinchangingtimes accordingtodirectorchenxiaoqingofthedocumentaryseries iwasmovedbythepeopleineachsimplestory saidliweifang 17 ofbeijingno 3highschool theirworkhelpsenrich 丰富 china sfoodculture infact thatisexactlywhatthenewseasonhopestodeliver throughtheprogram thelistenerswillseethecharacteristicsofthechinesepeople saveandtenacity 坚韧 chentoldxinhua 15 whendidabiteofchina2appearoncctv a from2012 b fromapril18 2014 c untiljune8 2014 d everyfridaythroughthecomingyear 16 howisabiteofchina2differentfromitsfirstseason a ittookalongertimetofilmit b itintroducesmorefoodtypes c ithasmorehumanstoriesaboutfood d itattractsmoreviewersaroundtheworld b c 17 whatwasthemostdifficultpartoffilmingthedocumentary a findingtherightsubjects b creatingthegoodeffects c filminginhardenvironments d editingsomuchfootage 18 whatdoestheunderlinedword sorrows meaninchinese a 故事b 伤害c 快乐d 悲伤 a d 19 whichofthefollowingisnottrue a abiteofchinatellschina sfoodculture b abiteofchinatellsthejoysandsorrowsofchineseinchangingtimes c thenewseasonincludessevenepisodes covering300typesoffood d sometimeswecouldwatchabiteofchinaforanhouronfridayoncctv c 五 2014 黄冈 arecentresearchshowsthatphysicalactivity 体育活动 mayhelpst