大一新生入学英语语音强化训练材料

大一新生入学英语语音强化训练材料 xx1级新生英语语音强化训练主要内容1发音器官的介绍2英语音素的分类及其发音要领3英语26个字母的读音4英语中的音变现象，如不完全爆破、连读、弱读等5英语中的重音，尤其是语句重音6英语中的语调附一:发音器官示意图附二:英语音素的分类及发音练习附三英语26个字母的读音附四英语中的音变现象，如不完全爆破、连读、弱读等练习附五英语语句重音练习附六英语语调练习附一2:发音器官示意图发音器官发音器官示意图简单地讲，发音器官可以分成三大部分A.喉头在喉头内的发音器官有 1、气管 2、声带（包括声门） 3、会靥软骨会靥软骨的功能是在吃东西时将气管盖住、不使食物进入气管，在发音时回到原处。 B.口腔在口腔内的发音器官有 4、舌分成四部分a、舌端b、前舌c、后舌d舌根 5、硬颚和静止时的前舌相对 6、软颚和静止时的后舌相对 7、齿槽 8、齿 9、唇 10、小舌在英语的发音中小舌几乎不起作用。 C.鼻腔附二3:英语音素英语中共有48个音素，这48音素可分为元音（Vowels）和辅音（Consonants）两大类。 1.英语元音的分类英语元音有20个，可根据发音时器官有无变化分为两类单元音（Pure Vowels）和双元音（Diphthongs）。 单元音:按舌最高点的部位可把12个单元音分为1）发音时舌的最高点在舌前部，发出的音是前元音（Front Vowels）/?:，?，?，?/2）发音时舌的最高点在舌中部，发出的音是中元音（Central Vowels）/?:，?，?/3）发音时舌的最高点在舌后部，发出的音是后元音（Back Vowels）/?:，?，?:，?，?:/双元音:英语中的八个双元音可根据它们的特点进一步分为两类合口双元音（Closing Diphthongs）和集中双元音（Centring Diphthongs）。 1）发音时牙床的张开程度由大变小的，叫合口双元音/a?，?，?，a?，?/。 2）发音时发音器官的部位滑向中元音/?/的位置，叫集中双元音/?，?，?/。 元音发音练习单元音(Pure Vowels)/?:/，/?/，/?/，/?/1.Read andpare the following vowels:/?:/?/?/?/?:?/?/?/?/?:?/?/?/?/?:?/?/?/?/?:?/?/?/?/?:?/?/?/?/2.Read the following phrases with/?:/and/?/:a pieceof meatgreen teaa teamleader keepit asecret asheet ofsteel kickup itsheels a big piga prettyticket avisit to the millsix bricks a littlekitten4feel chillya weddingdress verywell getready wetwith sweatpress thebell less and less a happyfamily a bad mana blackcap abag ofapples afat cathand inhand3.Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?:/and/?/:1）We meanto seethe teams.2）The teacherrepeated thespeech.3）A friendin needis a friend indeed.4）It is a pitythat sheis ill.5）Please giveTim thetickets forthe film.6）A littlepill cancure a great ill.7）All iswell thatends well.8）Better todo wellthan saywell.9）Lets gettogether whenthe weatheris better.10）Have theycarried thecash to the bank?11）Pat marrieda handsomeyoung manand hada happyfamily.12）Jacks blackcat iscatching thatfat rat.中元音（Central Vowels）/?:/，/?/，/?/1.Read andpare thefollowing vowels:/?:?/?m?/?:?/?/w?:?/?/?:?/?/w?:?/?:?/?:?/?/w?:?/?w?:?/?:?/?/2.Read thefollowing phrases:the firstterm anearly birda dirtyshirt returnfrom workthe thirdworld aservice girlalong theriver afamous writera correctanswer abetter learnerthe injuredlayer a shorter summera luckymother afunny unclejust forfun asudden jumpsome honeythe ingbus eand runsome moneyone dozena toughgun bloodfor bloodcountry cousin3.Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?:/and/?/:1)First e,first serve.2)Its theearly birdthat catchesthe worm.3)Im learningto put the firstthing first.4)Her elderbrother is a worker.5)The wonderfulweather wasover.6)Were goingto have a get-together aftersupper.75）Well begunis halfdone.8）Its funto runand jumpin thesun.9）Money issomething,but noteverything.10）Ask motherif themuttons enoughfor supper.后元音（Back Vowels）/?:/，/?/，/?:/，/?/，/?:/1.Read andpare thefollowing vowels:/?:/?/?:/?/?:/large locklord lookloot cardcock cordcook coolshark shotshort shouldshoot hearthot hawkhook hootpart potport putpool farmfrom formfull foolmark mockmorn nooknoon barnbomb bornbull boom1.Read thefollowing wordswith/?:/:a largeparcel masterof artsafter theparty ratherfast halfthe classa largeshark abasket ofgrass a large farmhalf pastfive2.Read thefollowing phrases with/?/and/?:/:a coffeeshop thelost doglots ofclocks apopular songgot a job along rodshort andtall atall horsebefore dawna quarterto fourashortreport walktoward thelawn Read thefollowing phraseswith/?/and/?:/:good bookslooks goodtook thewood shookthe foot look fulla good-looking manwhose shoesuseful toolhuge room a newschool ablue suitbeautiful music3.Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?:/:1）He laughsbest wholaughs last.2）The carwas parkedin the farmyard.3）Fathers carruns veryfast.4）A largearmy marchedpast thegrassland.5）The danceparty in thefarmyardlasted farinto thenight.Read thefollowing sentenceswith/6?/and/?:/:1）They washedsocks on the rocks.2)I forgotto lockthe box.3)Tom gota lotof copiesof thesongs.4)Dont putthe wateron thefloor.5)She thought she oughtto takea walkbefore fouroclock.Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?/and/?:/:1）The bushwas fullof goodwood.2）He tookthe cushionand shookit.3）Use aruler asyou doat school.4）Choose eitherboots orshoes.5）The cookstood stilland lookedat the book forcooking.双元音（Diphthongs）/?/，/a?/，/?/，/a?/，/?/1.Read andpare thefollowing vowels:/?/a?/?/?/?/?/?a?/?/?/?/?/?a?/?/?/?/?/?a?/?/?/?/?/?a?/?/?/?/2Read thefollowing phraseswith/?/,/a?/and/?/:May Daya greatchange arailway stationthe sameway camethe raina tablemate timeand tidefly in the skymy righteye arriveat fiveby rightside asurprising sighttoil onthe soiljoin theboy thenoisy voicesspoil theboys theboys toythe noiseof thecoins Read thefollowing phraseswith/?/and/?/:the flowerhouse shout louder roundthe mouthgo downtown overthe roadthousands offlowers speakoutloudan oldsoldier go to theshow open the windowrow aboat agold bowl3Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?/,/a?/and/?/:1）Its hightime tostrike alight.2）My childis quitetired andis cryingby myside.3）Haste makeswaste.47）Im afraidyouve madethe samemistake.5）The joyfulbut noisyvoices annoyedme.6）The spoiltboy destroyedthe toys.Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?/and/?/:1)Mr Brownis proudof hispretty house.2)Did youhear theloud shoutsof thecrowd?3)Ive nowfound thetown rathercrowded.4)Follow the road andgo slowlyhome.5)Show mewhere thoseroses grow.6)They rowedthe boatalong thecoast.集中双元音（Centering Diphthongs）/?/，/?/，/?/1.Read andpare thefollowing vowels:/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/2.Read thefollowing phraseswith/?/,/?/and/?/:near hearcheerful perioda clearidea hearthe cheersfrom earto eara realhero sharethe pearrepair thechair afair in the squaretake careof theaffair fairhair airwarfare apoor touristpoorer andpoorer fewerand fewera purejewel sureabout thecure endurethe poorlife3.Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?/,/?/and/?/:1)I fearhe cant hearme clearly.2)We arenear theend of the year.3)Take care,theresachair at the footof thestairs.4)The girlwith fairhair isparing theresult withgreat care.5)The poorman was assured thathe couldbe cured.6)During thatperiod thepoor becamepoorer andpoorer.82.英语辅音的分类1）爆破音（Plosives）/?，?，?，?，?，?/2）摩擦音（Frictives）/?，?，?，?，?，?，?，?，?/3）破擦音（Affricates）/?，?，?，?，?，?/4)无摩擦的连续音(Frictionless Continuant)/?/5）舌侧音（Lateral）/?/6）鼻音（Nasals）/?，?，?/7）半单元（Semi-Vowels）/?，w/辅音发音练习爆破音(Plosives)/?，?，?，?，?，?/1.Read andpare thefollowing plosives:pan bantab dadclass glasspet betten dentick gigpox boxtick dickexcuse examcap cabbutter rudderpeck peg2.Read thefollowing phraseswith plosives:abigpig paythe billpress thebutton stepby stepputthebook backfrom topto bottomthe nextday doones dutyread the letter tellthe datea goodtalk hitthe doga kindguide a good speakera luckygirl lockthe gatea sickdog thehungry cat3.Read thefollowing sentenceswith plosives:1）Put thebig potonthetable.2）The pieis cheapand not bad.3）Ted hurthis footand wastaken tothe hospital.4）The cartgot stuckinthemud.5）A goodbeginning makesagoodending.6）The girlhas takenthe dogtothegarden.摩擦音9(Frictives)/?，?，?，?，?，?，?，?，?/1Read andpare thefollowing fricatives:/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/?/fail veilrice risemesher measurebath bathebehind serfserve priceprize precioustreasure thanksthan highproof proveseal zealvacation oasionbreath breatheperhaps refusereview basebays positiondecision teethteethe hate2.Read thefollowing phraseswith fricatives:a vastfield halfa loaffour friends very funnyimprove thefood alovely facethe samerose passthe keyspens andbooks aslow risejeeps andcars horsesand housesshoulder a fish treasurea garagemeasure for measure shortshirt washafishan unusualpleasure awealthy brotherthose thingsmore thanthree athoughtful mothera healthyfather thesemonths hangit high3.Read thefollowing sentenceswith fricatives:1)They foundfew peopleinthevillage.2)The visitorsfound avaluable vase.3)Seven fromeleven leavesfour.4)Has Samseen monkeysat thezoo?5)The sunrises inthe eastand setsinthewest.6)Is shesure toshut theshop?7)Pay specialattention tothe shapeofthemachine.8)Itsapleasure tospeak onsuch anoasion.9)He sawits faulton secondthoughts.10)Well support you throughthick andthin.11)The thirdThursday ofthis monthis thesixteenth.12)The houseis ashot ashe hoped.破擦音（Affricates）/?，?，?，?，?，?/1Read andpare thefollowing affricates:/?/?/?/?/?/?/rich ridgetrip dripseats seedschoose Jewstry drycarts cardschest jesttrunk drunkants addschoke joketrue drewheats heeds102Read thefollowing phraseswith/?/,/?/,/?/,/?/,/?/and/?/watch thematch catchthe chickenalargechurch chooseajobchange thetorch acheerful journeytry thedream atrue drawinga strangedress hundredsof trees3.Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?/,/?/,/?/,/?/,/?/and/?/1)This isthe largestjewel foryou tochoose.2)Jane lookscharming in this picture.3)They treatedme tosome strongdrinks.4)The boydrew atrain runningalong thetrack.5)The kidshave lotsof coatsand shorts.6)He holdstwo catsand threebirds in his hands.无摩擦的连续音(Frictinless Continuant)/?/、舌侧音（Lateral）/?/1Read andpare thefollowing consonants:rip lipread leadright lightrow lowwrong longrrive alivecorrect collectcrash clashrock lockroad loadroom loomraw law2Read thefollowing phraseswith/?/and/?/:a cleanroom along rowarrive latea freelife sleeplike adog looka liverack andruin areal writera lowrate aloyal friendto collectroses runalong therailroad3Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?/and/?/1)The realreason israther silly.2)Those redroses arereally verypretty.3)He rarelyreads literaryworks.4)All roadslead toRome.5)Look beforeyou leap.6)A littlepill maywell curea greatill.鼻音（Nasals）/?，?，?/111Read andpare thefollowing nasals:/?/?/?/?/?/?/bomb Bonnthin thingknife lifegum gunsin singknot lotmap napban bangnight lightmore norton tonguenine line2Read thefollowing phraseswith/?/,/?/and/?/arm inarm missthe marka warmroomafirm mannerhome mademen andwomen cleanneck tennations earningnothing fineneedles naturalnumber nextto nonesing asong kingof allkings along fingera youngsinger aninteresting songthe Englishlanguage3Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?/,/?/and/?/1)The gamesare beingmore andmore amusing.2)Sam makesmany mistakesin hishomework.3)I needanother ninenames.4)Nells neighbournever knewNells nickname.5)The angryking saidnothing.6)He sangan Englishsong.半元音（Semi-Vowels）/?，w/1Read andpare thefollowing consonants:/?/?/?/?/yet wetwest vestjoke wokewine vinejell wellwhile vile2Read thefollowingphraseswith/?/and/?/a newstudent beautifulmusic inNew Yorkyear byyear aunique youtha yellowsuit waita weekwilling to wait qualityand quantitywhen andwhere quitthe quarrelwalk quicklyaway123Read thefollowing sentenceswith/?/and/?/1)The studentsare viewingthe newbuilding.2)Few peopleknew musicand fewerknew thebeautiful tune.3)Excuse myrefusing yournew proposal.4)Keep quietwhile waitinghere.5)What willyou wearinthisbad weather?附三英语26个字母的读音Aa/?/Bb/?:/Cc/?:/Dd/?:/Ee/?:/Ff/?/Gg/?:/Hh/?/Ii/?/Jj/?/Kk/?/Ll/?/Mm/?/Nn/?/Oo/?/Pp/?:/Qq/?:/Rr/?:/Ss/?/Tt/?:/Uu/?:/Vv/?:/Ww/?:/Xx/?/Yy/?/Zz/?:/?/附四英语中的音变现象，如不完全爆破、连读、弱读等1.不完全爆破(Inplete Plosion)爆破音爆破音(Plosive+Plosive)a.bookcase lamppostdoctor blackboardgoodbye emptyb.fast trainsit downnote bookgreat dealwhat timefield daytake careblack teapark carskind peoplecheap bookat tablec.Ted hasabadcold today.I dont believethat Bobbyisabad boy.There areeight blackpencils andtwo redball pens.Take carenot toeat toomuch.爆破音13摩擦音(Plosive+Fricative)a.needful bestsellerabsent breakfastworkshop outsideb.old friendnot surework harda topstudent this and thatwhite vasec.China isa greatsocialist country.You maykeep thebook.I likepop songs.Have youvisited Shanghai?爆破音破擦音(Plosive+Affricate)a.object grandchildpicture b.that childstop jokingbig treesweet dreamblack jacketgreat changeshard jobtraffic jamfast trainblack jeepbig chancegood jobc.It isnot true.Great changeswill takeplace.The nexttrain willleave tenforty.Im surethat Charliehas madethe rightchoice.爆破音鼻辅音(Plosive+Nasal)a.Britain grandmotherkindness midnightsignal postmanb.good nightgood morningfat manlast nightred markhelp menot neardark nightgood newswrite moreold nurseleague memberc.Can youhelp me?Im sorry,I dont know.We heardDavid singlast night.Let mehelp youlift thatmetal box.爆破音舌侧音/l/(Plosive+Lateral)a.bottle middlegreatly friendlystruggle proudlyb.dont likeat lastat leastthat ladysit lategood leaderred lightquite lowhard lifegood luckshort lifespeak louderc.I dont likeit at all.Didnt Sallytell youanything aboutLarry?Dontlookat thebook.I wouldlike to havealittle pieceof thatchocolate cake.2.连读(Liaison)辅音元音(Consonant+V OWEL)如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词又是以元音（包括半元音）开始，那么这两个音就可以连在一起读。 例如14-r/-re元音（“-r”/“-re”+V OWEL）单词中的“r”字母通常是不发音的，但是，在连贯的话语中，如果包含“r”音的这个单词的后一个词是以元音字母开始时，这个“?”要读出来，且与其后的这个元音连起来读。 例如1Read thefollowingphrases,paying specialattention toliaison1）ConsonantVowel notatallget awaywith itput anend abottle ofink bigand darkeye lookat itbest ofall pickit upleave inApril backin anhour in and output it aside with all hisears put it onpick upan applea placeof interestgive it up lethim inthink itover makeitup2）-r/-revowel afterall aletter-opener hereand theredaughter andson poorold manfor example15for along timemore andmore your own choicefar offagreatnumber ofasamatter offact acountry oftheir ownlater onclear enougha pairof shoestake careof waitfor amoment forinstance fatherand motherbrother andsister for a minutefour ofus overand aboveanswer itnear it2Read thefollowing sentences,paying specialattention toliaison1)He lostan eyeinanaident.2)Go straightahead alongtheroad.3)He arrivedat eightexactly.4)Jack isntasbad asI thought.5)I wantto askyou to see it.6)There areabout fouroranges.7)Your uncleis betteroff.8)Take careof youreye.9)Tom isalways onthe run.10)Please tellus allabout it.3.弱化(Weak Form)弱化的方法(Methods ofWeak Forms):虚词的弱化主要表现在以下三种方面1）缩短该词的元音长度，将该词的长元音变成短元音例如to/?:/?/，do/?:/?/，he/?:/?/，me/?:/?/。 2)将该词的元音变成弱元音/?/例如have/?/?/，was/?/?/，by/?a?/?/3)将该词中的元音或辅音省去例如16must/?/?/或/?/，can/?/?/。 弱化练习1Read thefollowing sentences,paying specialattention tostrong formand weak form:1）I mustanswer thatletter.2）Could youtell methe time?3）We gotnothing outof it.4）I wrotethem aletter.5）He saidthat it was wrong.6）The girlhas anapple.7）What amI todo?8）They werevery happy.9）Shes beenreading fora while.10）I wantto gothere now.11）Would youtake ushome?12）Itsaletter fromJohn.13）Mary andJone will e.14）I shalltake thejob.15）I met him theother day.16）This isbetter thanthat.17）Helleat ten.2Read thefollowing sentenceswith strongform orweakform,paying specialattention tothe underlinedparts:1）Arent theresome lettersfor herto open?2）Where dothe eggse from?3）Read hisbook andwrite somenotes.4）At leastwe cantry andhelp.5）The boysand girlswere busy.6）Who willmeet himattheairport?7）She hasan uncleand acousin.8）What are you surprised at?9）How dothe lightswork?10）He wantsto eand seeus athome.11）Have youtaken themfrom thatbox?12）Why amI toolate tosee himtoday?13）There aresome newbooks Imust read.14）Why shoulda manearn morethan awoman?15）I shalltake asmuch asI want.16）You oughttohave yourowncar.17）She tookher auntforadrive.附五英语语句重音语句重音练习1Read thefollowing sentencescorrectly aordingtotherules ofsentence stresss:1)17I thinkI amlate forclass.2)A horseisananimal.3)We shoulddo asthe Partytells us.4)Who wasthat onthe phone?5)This isthebookI want.6)I seldommethimrecently.7)And yoursis overthere.8)Who came toseeme thismorning?9)He wassurprisedather attitude.10)Two headsare betterthan one.11)He hasreceived aletter writtenin redink.12)This ismy bookand thatis yourpen.13)Do thehomework atonce.14)You metJenny yesterday,didntyou?15)The childrenleft theircards inthe yard.16)He musthave beenhit onthe headwithahammer.17)I havelooked everywhere,upstairs anddownstairs,but they arent anywhere.18)I haveafriendwhose motheris workingin thatlarge hospital.19)Money issomething,but notev