1否定的一般疑问句.doc

星沙英语网Patterns1.否定的一般疑问句语气较强，有强烈的否定、不满意、惊奇等感情色彩，回答时根据实际情况Arent you a student? Yes, I am.2. here, there 开头的句子若为名词则要用倒装结构：Here are my clothes.Here/There + 动词+名词主语； 若主语是代词则不倒装。Here are my clothes. Here they are.3. There is /are doing 有某人做某事There is a boy swimming in the river.There are hundreds of people watching the football match.4. have fun doing sth 做某事有乐趣，尽情做某事We are going to have fun learning and speaking English this term.5. be sorry to do sth 为正在做的事或将要做的事表示歉意时be sorry that, be sorry for doing sth为做了的事而道歉时Im sorry to say I cant help you.Im sorry for being late.Im sorry for breaking your cup. = Im sorry that I broke your cup.6. say goodbye to 向某人告别say hello to, say yes to, say no to7. so + 助动词+ 主语 某人、物也一样； 助动词必须与前句的谓语动词以及后句的主语的人称和数保持一致。Mary likes Chinese. So does Tim. = Mary likes Chinese. Tim likes Chinese, too.= Both Mary and Tim like Chinese. = Mary and Tim both like Chinese.8. 在动词think, hope, believe, be afraid 后可用so 来代替后者避免重复前者所说过的话 I think / hope / believe so. Are we late? Im afraid so.否定句中，think, believe 可用两种形式：a. I dont think / believe so. b. I think / believe not ; 而hope, be afraid 只能用第二种形式Do you think the bus will arrive here on time?I dont think so/ I think not. Do you think well have bad weather? I hope not. Are you on time? Im afraid not.9. 在动词think, find, feel 后接不定式作宾语时，而宾语又带有一个形容词，名词作宾语补语时，用it 作形式宾语，把不定式放在补语后。I feel it my duty to help you. I found it difficult to study maths.10. be always doing 表示经常反复性的动作，表示说话人的某种感情；赞扬，批评，厌烦等，而在一般现在时里没有感情色彩e.g. He is always working late. He always works late.He is always making the same mistake. You are always leaving things about.He is always talking big. 爱说大话11. 祈使句+ or + 陈述句 意义上相当于if 引导含有否定意义的条件状语从句 ifnotLets move the stone, or there may be an accident. = If you dont move the stone, there may be an accident.Put on more clothes, or youll catch a cold. = If you dont put on more clothes, youll catch a cold.若将or 换成and, 就相当于if 引导的含有肯定意义的条件状语从句Take more exercise and you will feel healthy. = If you take more exercise, youll feel healthy.12. 在含有do you think 的特殊疑问句中，该词组应放在疑问词后，如：疑问词+do you think + 主语+ 谓语；如疑问句是主语，应：疑问句（主语）+do you think + 谓语e.g. Who do you think he is? = Do you think who he is?Who do you think told me so?= Do you think who told me so?When do you think the meeting will begin?13. It is said that 据说It 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的名词性从句，相当于somebody says that, 本结构不是被动，类似的有：It is reported that It is believed / supposed that Its known that I dont know the school, but it is said that it is quite a good one.14. 英语中表示计量方法：数词+metre /kilometers + long /wide, deep, high, tall/highThe boy is 1.70 metres tall. The wall is twenty metres high.本结构可作后置定语，但当它作前置定语是，须用连字符，中间名词用单数There is a river thirty metres wide in front of the village. = There is a thirty-metr-wide river in front of the village.15. keep 的几种常见句型1）keep + 宾语+ 宾补a. keep + 宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语， 使。处于(保持)某种状态We must keep our classroom clean and tidy.The students must keep their hands behind their backs.Dont keep your hair so long. Dont get up. I must keep you in bed.The bad weather keeps us inside the house.b. keep + 宾语+动词-ing 使（让）。继续着某个动作Dont keep me waiting for long.Uncle Wang often keeps his car running very fast.The teacher always keeps us thinking in class.2) keep + 形容词（做表语），保持某种状态You must look after yourself and keep healthy.The shop keeps open twelve hours a day.Stop talking and keep quiet.3) keep + 动词-ing= keep (on) doing sth, 表示继续（一直、老是）做某事Jim keeps on doing his homework. Dont keep talking.The farmer keeps working the whole day.Keep doing & keep (on) doing 的区别：动作有间隔People kept on coming to the hospital to see him.(有间隔)He kept standing up in class. (无间隔)4）keep + 宾语，保存某物，有时表示：借（一段时间连用）Could you keep these letters for me, please?-How long may I keep the book? - For two weeks.5) keep 表示饲养、瞻养，后接表示人或动物的名词Herriot himself kept two dogs. My uncle has a large family to keep.句型考试的类型I. 句型转换1. 陈述句改为一般疑问句2. 陈述句改特殊疑问句what , whatfor, what time / class / grade , which, which subject /one /man , who, whose, why, when, where. how, how old, how many, how much, how long, how soon, how often, how fast, how far, how high, 3. 肯定句改为否定句1) 句中有some/something 应该为notany /anything 或no /nothing2) 主句为第一人称时，动词believe, think, expect, suppose 等后的宾语从句要否定前移。I dont believe he will tell a lie.3) both (of), all(of) 应改为neither(of), none(of),e.g. Both of them work in this school. Neither of them works in this school.4) bothand, 应改为neithernor5) already 应改为yete.g. I have already seem the film. I havent seen the film yet.6) 一些否定词也可使句子成为否定意义 never, hardly, seldom, rarely, scarcely, little, few, nothing, none, neither, no longerHe was pleased. He was scarcely (=hardly) pleased.I have been to America for several times. I have never been to America.4. 陈述句改为感叹句5. 主动语态与被动语态互换1）双宾有两种 My mother gave me a present. A. I was given a present by my mother. B. A present was given to me by my mother.2) 含有短语动词的被动语态，动词词组不能分开e.g. They took care of the children. The children were taken care of.3) 宾语从句的主动语态改为被动语态有两种结构e.g. They believe that he is honest. It is believed that he is honest. He is believed to be honest。 II. 句子合并将两个句子合并为一个复合句Where does Mr Black live? Could you tell me? (宾语从句)Could you tell me where Mr Black lives? You wont have enough rest next week. You may be ill. (条件状语从句)If you dont have enough rest next week, you may be ill. My sweater is two hundred yuan. Joes sweater is nine hundred yuan. (比较状语从句)Joes sweater is much dearer than mine. III. 同义句转换1. 用同义词转换 The story happened in 1997. The story took place in 1997. When I got to America, Ill let you know.When I arrive in America, Ill let you know. Have you received a letter from Jim? Have you heard from Jim