高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选练（三）141.doc

湖南澧县2017高考英语（一轮）阅读理解选练（三）2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。In a room at Texas Children Cancer Center in Houston, eight-year-old Simran Jatar lay in bed with a drip (点滴) above her to fight her bone cancer. Over her bald head, she wore a pink hat that matched her clothes. But the third graders cheery dressing didnt mask her pain and weary eyes.Then a visitor showed up. “Do you want to write a song?” asked Anita Kruse, 49, rolling a cart equipped with an electronic keyboard, a microphone and speakers. Simran stared. “Have you ever written a poem?” Anita Kruse continued. “Well, yes,” Simran said.Within minutes, Simran was reading her poem into the microphone“Some bird soaring through the sky,” she said softly. “Imagination in its head” Anita Kruse added piano music, a few warbling (鸣,唱) birds, and finally the girls voice. Thirty minutes later, she presented Simran with a CD of her first recorded song.That was the beginning of Anita Kruses project, Purple Songs Can Fly, one that has helped more than 125 young patients write and record songs. As a composer and pianist who had performed at the hospital, Kruse said that the idea of how she could help “came in one flash”.The effect on the kids has been great. One teenage girl, curling (蜷缩) in pain in her wheelchair, stood unaided to dance to a hip-hop song she had written. A 12-year-old boy with Hodgkins disease who rarely spoke surprised his doctors with a song he called I Can Make It.“My time with the kids is heartbreaking because of the severity of their illnesses,” says Anita Kruse. “But they also make you happy, when the children are smiling, excited to share their CD with their families.”Simran is now an active sixth grader and cancer-free. From time to time, she and her mother listen to her song, Always Remembering, and they always remember the “really sweet and nice and loving” lady who gave them a shining moment in the dark hour.1Simran Jatar lay in bed in hospital because _.A. most of her hair had fallen outB. she was receiving treatment for cancerC. she felt depressed and quit from schoolD. she was suffering from a pain in her back2What do we know about Anita Kruses project?A. It helps young patients record songs.B. It is supported by singers and patients.C. It aims to replace the medical treatment.D. It offers patients chances to realize their dreams.3What does the case of a 12-year-old boy suggest?A. Most children are naturally fond of music.B. He was brave enough to put up performance.C. The project has positive effect on young patients.D. Singing is the best way to treat some illnesses.4What is probably the best title for the passage?A. Purple Songs Can Fly B. Singing Can Improve HealthC. A Shining Moment in Life D. A Kind WomanAnita Kruse试题分析：文章主要介绍了49岁的Anita Kruse进行的一项名为Purple Songs Can Fly的帮助患病的病人的计划，文章中还列举了一些事例来证明这一计划的有效性。1B 细节题。根据文章第一段第一句In a room at Texas Children Cancer Center in Houston, eight-year-old Simran Jatar lay in bed with a drip (点滴) above her to fight her bone cancer.可知她患有骨癌，正在接受治疗。故B正确。2A 细节题。根据文章第四段第一句That was the beginning of Anita Kruses project, Purple Songs Can Fly, one that has helped more than 125 young patients write and record songs.可知Anita Kruse这个计划就是让那些年轻的病人写诗和录制歌曲。故A正确。3C 推理题。根据文章第五段第一句The effect on the kids has been great.这一计划对孩子的影响是巨大的，接下来就列举了2例子，说明作者正是想用这个例子来证明这个计划的有效性。故C正确。4A 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了49岁的Anita Kruse进行的一项名为Purple Songs Can Fly的帮助患病的病人的计划，文章中还列举了一些事例来证明这一计划的有效性。故A正确。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant form city centers than they were in the premodern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the turn of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years lots that could have housed five to six million people. Of course, many were never occupied; there was always a huge surplus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carried out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth.1.With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?A Types of mass transportation.Instability of urban life.C How supply and demand determine land use.D The effect of mass transportation on urban expansion.2.Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago?A To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth.To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation.C To show mass transportation changed many cities.D To contrast their rate of growth.3.According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion?A It was expensive.It happened too slowly.C It was unplanned.D It created a demand for public transportation.4.The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city,A that is large.that is used as a model for land development.C where the development of land exceeded population growth.D with an excellent mass transportation system.Vocabulary1.revise 改变2.fabric 结构3.catalyze 催化，加速4.sort out 把分门别类，拣选5.omnibus 公共汽车/马车6.trolley （美）有轨电车，（英）无轨电车7.periphery 周围，边缘8.sprawl 建筑物无计划延伸，蔓延，四面八方散开9.lot 小片土地10.underscore 强调，在下面划横线11.transit lines 运输线路12.subdivision （出售的）小块土地，再划分小区写作方法与文章大意文章论述了“公共交通从三方面改变了城市的社会和经济结构。”采用分类写法。文章一开始就提出三方面：第一，促进城市实质性的扩展；第二，把人和土地分民别类加以利用；第三，加速了城市生活的不稳定性。然后就是三方面的具体内容。答案详解1.D 公共交通运输对城市扩展的影响。文章开门见山提出这一点“公共交通运输从三个根本方面改变了美国城市的社会和经济结构。”后面文章内容就是三方面的具体化。A. 公共交通运输类型。 B. 城市生活的不稳定性。 C. 供需如何决定土地利用。这三项文中作为具体问题提到，并不是文章涉及的主要题目。2.C 说明公共交通改变了许多城市。答案箭第一段第四句“举例说，1850年，波士顿市界离老的商业地区几乎不到2英里，到了这世纪末，其半径扩至10英里。现在供得起的人们可以住得很远，远离老的城市中心，仍然来回去那里上班、购物和娱乐”。第七句，“举例说，在1890至1920年期间，据记载，芝加哥市界内有约250，000个新的住宅楼区大多数设在郊区。经过同样这段时期，市区外，但仍在芝加哥大都市地区内，又计划建造了550，000个住宅楼区。”A. 表示成长的正反两方面效果。B. 举有无公共交通运输的城市为例。 D. 对比两者成长率；都不是本文中举两城市例子的目的。3.C 没有计划。见第二段第三句起“城市扩展蔓延根本无计划，好几千个小的投资商进行扩展，毫不考虑相互协调配合利用土地，也不考虑未来土地利用。”A. 太贵 和 B.太慢，两个选项，文内没有提。D. 它创造了对公共交通运输的需求。这不是住宅扩展的一个缺点，而是三个根本改变城市的一个方面。见第一段第三句：“通过大量开发未占土地扩建住宅，公共汽车、马车、铁路、来回火车，有轨电车把已有人定居的居住区向外扩展了三四倍，比他们先现代时期的市中心更远。”4.C（第二段中以芝加哥城市例子说明）土地开发超过人口增长速度。答案详见第二段“这些购买和置备土地建设住宅，特别是购置临近城市或就在市界外的土地，抢在交通线路和中产阶层的居民进去之前。他们这样做的目的是创造一种需求，也是响应这种需求。芝加哥就是这种过程的典型例子。那里的房地产小块土地比人口增长快得很多很多。”A. 城市大。B. 用作土地开发的样板。 D. 具有优越的公共的交通系统。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语福建省联考试卷】ADickens & London ExhibitionDate: 9 December, 2011-10 June, 2012 Location: Museum of LondonCelebrate the 200th anniversary of the birth of Charles Dickens in the first major UK exhibition for his works, while rarely seen manuscripts(手稿) including Bleak House and David Copperfield -writtenin the authors own hand -will offer clues to his creative genius.During your visit youll discover how Dickens childhood experiences of London were introduced into the stories he wrote. The great social questions of the19th century will also be examined, all of which set the scene for Dickens greatest works.Highlights of the exhibition will inc1ude an exciting audio-visual experience bringing to life the desk and chair where Dickens worked on his nove1s, and a special film shot by one of the UKs leading documentary filmmakers.Packages include afternoon entry (1:00 pm -4:00 pm) to the exhibition plus overnight accommodation at a nearby hotel. If you wish to visit the exhibition the day after your hotel stay, p1ease call our reservation department. Call: 08712212717.Book a trip online with us, with tickets to Dickens & London Exhibition -afternoon entry and hotel accommodation included in the price. All taxes included. No credit card fees. No booking fees. No discount.Price Information: a package costs an adult 180 and a child 90 ( 4-15 ) ; an afternoon entry costs an adult 28 and a child 14 ( 4-15 ).56. During the visit, visitors can _A. read three Dickensmanuscripts ,B. experience a vivid picture of Victorian LondonC. find the great social problems in London at presentD. sit at the desk where Dickens worked hard on his novels57. What do we know about Dickens in this passage?A. He used to be a filmmaker .B. He lived a hard life in his childhood.C. He wrote different themes into his works.D. He wrote social violence into his books.58. If we book a trip online, we have the following benefits EXCEPT that _ .A. we can book it free of chargeB. we will pay none of the taxesC. we will pay none of credit card feesD. we will be given a discount59. How much should a couple with one child at 10 and another at 18 pay if they have a package ? A. 360 B. 540 C. 630 D. 720【参考答案】5659BCDC 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语福建省联考试卷】Not long ago, few little girls imagined they could grow up to become astronauts. For years in the United States, on1y men had that opportunity . In 1983, that changed. Sally Ride made history by becoming the first American woman to travel to space.On Monday, Ride died at the age of 61, Sally was a national hero and a powerful role model,”President Barack Obama said in a statement. “She inspired generations of young girls to reach for the stars.”Ride became interested in space when she was a kid. “If you asked me when I was 12 whether I wanted to be an astronaut ,Im sure I wou1d have said yes,” she said in a 2010 interview . “ But I didnt even think about that as a possible career.”After studying physics in college and graduate school, Ride got her chance. She was accepted into NASAs astronaut training program in 1978, and then chosen to be the first American female in space. In 1983, she blasted into space aboard the Challenger shuttle.“There is no amusement park ride on the Earth that even comes so close,” she said.Ride returned to space on the Challenger a second time in1984 . Between the two missions, she spent a total of 343 hours in orbit. After that, she remained involved with the space program and also worked to share her passion for science with kids. She co-authored six science books for children , and started her own science education company.Ride knew that she he1d a unique place in history . “ I realized how important it was for a woman to break that barrier and open the door for other wom