成人学位英语5.docx

Unit Five Diet Text ATea TimesThe chances are that you have already drunk a cup or glass of tea today. Perhaps you are sipping one as you read this. Tea, now an everyday beverage in many parts of the world, has over the centuries been an important part of rituals of hospitality both in the home and in wider society.Text B Supplementary ReadingEveryone has memories of lumpy custard and cold chips at school. Yet there is a remarkable amount of evidence about the benefits children derive from having a good meal at lunchtime.Understanding the TextChoose the most likely answer for each of the questions.1. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that .B. it is important to supply enough nutrition at lunch for school children2. The underlined word “self-esteem” in Paragraph 2 means . C. 自尊3. prepared on a shoestring budget is better than no meal at all.A. A nourishing meal4. Even amongst children in young offender institutions there is a strong link between . D. diet and behavior5. While its obviously too early to judge the of the scheme. Hull has high hopes. B. success6. Hull and many other types of council are working on that will wean their pupils off junk food and teach them to eat healthily. C. menus7. Which of the following countries is NOT mentioned in the passage to provide with highly nutritional meals? D. China8. In children receive their free lunch as part of a program that teaches them how to eat healthily. B. Finland9. Which of the following statements is NOT true?C. The budget problem of providing free meals cannot be solved by the local city councils.10. The authors attitude in the passage is . A. objectiveExercises.Vocabulary and StructureThere are thirty incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.1. For weeks, the street hasnt been by the cleaner, makes it very dirty. A. which译文:街道很脏,清洁工好几周都没有打扫了.分析:本题是非限定性定语从句.首先排除that,关系代词在从句中做的是主语，指代前面的一句话，不是指人，排除who.最后只有A符合要求。2While driving through the city, she showed me the building she once worked as a cleaner. C. in which译文:当开车穿过这个城市的时候，他指给我看她曾经做过清洁工的那座大楼.分析:本题考查的是限制性定于从句.关系代词在从句中做介词的宾语，in the building,which指代先行词the building,所以应该是in which。3. His house, windows were all broken, was a depressing sight. B. whose译文:他的房子，窗户都破了，让人看了感到沮丧。分析: 先行词在从句中做定语，所以用whose引导。4My parents work on a farm, they raise fifty head of cattle. A.where译文:我的父母亲都在农场工作，他们养了五十头牲畜。分析: 本题考查的是非限制性定于从句.关系副词where在从句中做地点状语。5The moment Anna will never forget is Mr. Fan gave her a lot of valuable advice on how to improve her weiting. D. that;when译文:安娜永远也忘不了那一刻，范先生在如何提高写作上给她提了很多宝贵的建议。分析: 第一个空是that引导的定语从句在从句中作宾语，第二个空是when引导的表语从句，when在从句中作时间状语。6It was in the garden of her old house she grew up she dug up a pot of gold. B. where;that译文:在她长大的那个老房子的花园里，她发现了一桶金子。分析: 第一个空是where引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，第二个空是it isthat强调句。7Yunnan is such an attractive place of interest everyone likes to visit. D. as译文:云南是一个如此吸引人的地方，以至于很多人都想去那里旅游。分析: 本题考查的是as引导的定语从句，suchas固定搭配。8The media today can draw public attention to situations help is actually needed. C. where译文:今天的媒体能够让大家关注真正需要帮助的地方。分析: where在定语从句中作地点状语。在这里where=in which。9The fanmous musician, a dinner party will be held tonight,is to arrive soon. B.in whose honor译文:那个著名的音乐家就快到了，为此我们今晚特举行了一个晚宴。 分析: 非限制性定语从句指人，且限定词在从句中作honor的定语，所以用whose。10Mrs. Smith took the police back to place she witnessed the robbery. C. the same;where译文:史密斯夫人把警察带回到她目睹抢劫案发生的那个地方。 分析: 第二个空where在定语从句中作地点状语，where=in which。11 Is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior school is increasing. B. As译文:正如前面提到的，高中学生数目在增加。 分析: as在定语从句中代表主句。意为“正如”，它引导的定语从句既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。Which也可以代表主句，意为“这/那件事”，但它引导的定语从句只能放在主句后面。12Is there a magic cut off period children become responsible for their own actions? A. when译文:会有那样一个孩子们对自己的行为负责的神奇的、界限分明的时期吗？ 分析: when引导的定语从据在从句中作时间状语。13The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% are sold abroad. A. of which译文:制鞋厂每年大约生产50万双鞋，其中80%都要卖到国外。 分析:后句是一个起补充作用的非限制性定语从据，80% of which=and 80% of them（其中80%）。14Some people said that it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were found of influenced their whole lives. B. that,that译文:一些人说，他们发现是他们的小学老师和课程影响了他们的一生。 分析:第一个空是关系代词在从句中作宾语，既指人又指物，只能用that，而不用which，第二个空是强调句。15The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. B.which译文:我们最近一次去英国旅行时参观的科学博物馆，是伦敦的旅游景点之一。 分析: which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作宾语。16Yesterday he sold his car, he bought a month ago. D. which译文:昨天他把他一个月之前买的车给卖了。 分析:本题考查的是非限制性定语从句，关系代词 which在从句中作宾语。17For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example. B. of which译文:世界上的许多城市都已经没有多余的空间再去扩展延伸了，纽约就是其中的一个例子。 分析:介词of表示“在之中”。Which引导非限制性定语从句。18There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped with her hands. A. where译文:在她的裤子上有许多污点，她已经用手擦下去了。 分析:where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。19Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes people were eaten by the tiger. C.in which译文:看过电影的许多人都害怕去森林，他们会想起电影里人被老虎吃了的场景。 分析:定语从句中缺少地点状语，所以用in which代替where。20Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats the best jobs are. C. where译文:鲍勃,为什么不到市中心试试你的运气呢?那里有最好的工作。 分析:where在从句中作地点状语。21The owner of the restaurant needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. C. which译文:饭店的老板需要做很多的改进，雇佣更多的工人，才能使饭店经营下去，这就意味着要花费很多英镑。 分析:which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。22-Is that the small town you often refer to?-Right, just the one you know I used to work for years. D. where译文:“你经常提到的就是这个小城镇吗？”“对，你知道，我过去在这儿工作了好多年。” 分析:you know是插入语，where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。23All the neighbors admire this family the parents are treating their child like a friend. B. where译文:所用的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，他们的父母对待他们的孩子就像是朋友。 分析:在这里，where=in which，从句中缺少的是地点状语。24Ill give you my friends home address, I can be reached most evenings. A. where译文:我把我朋友家的地址给你，我大多数的晚上都去那里住。 分析: where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。25The road conditions there turned out to be very good, was more than we could expect. A. which译文:那里的道路状况还不错，比我们预想的要好很多。 分析: which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。26It was dark in the cave so she a match. A. struck译文:岩洞里很黑，她点着了一根火柴。 分析: 选项中strike意为“擦（火柴）”，其他几个词不能和match搭配。27Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party as she is with a cold. B. laid up译文:玛利不能来参加生日晚会了，因为她患了感冒，卧床在家。 分析: 选项中lay up意为“因痛（或伤残）卧床”，常用被动语态；lay out意为“摆出，展开”；lay by意为“储存”；lay down意为“牺牲，献出”。28She often says her greatest happiness serving the handicapped children. B.consists in译文:她常说她最大的快乐在于位残疾儿童服务。 分析: consist in意为“在于，存在于”；rely on意为“依靠，依赖”；be composed of意为“由构成”；comprise意为“由组成，构成”。29To make this clear we shall have to look closely into biologys long history. A.distinction译文:为了搞清楚这一差别，我们必须认真地审视一下生物学发展的漫长历史。 分析: distinction意为“区别，差异”；indication意为“标示，迹象”；recognition意为“(正式的)承认，认可，认知”；constitution意为“宪法，体制”。30Most importantly, such an experience helps a heightened sensitivity to other cultures and will bring about a greater appreciation of ones own culture as well. C. foster译文:最重要的是，这样的经历能促进人们对其他文化的感受，并使他们更欣赏自己的文化。 分析: foster意为“培养，促进，助长”；coach意为“训练，指导”；forsake意为“谴责，抛弃”；censor意为“审查，检查”。. Reading ComprehensionThere are four reading passages in this part .Each passage is followed by five questions .For each of them there are four choices marked A ,B ,C and D. Choose the most likely answer for each of the questions .Passage 1 The average person swallows about half of a ton of food a year-not counting drink and though the body is remarkably efficient at extracting just what it needs from this huge mixture,it can only cope up to a point.If you go on eating too much of some things and not enough of others, youll eventually get out of condition and your health will suffer. So think before you start erting. It may look good. It may taste good. Fine! But how much good is it really doing you?一般人燕子大约一半的一吨粮食一年不算饮料虽然身体是非常有效的提取只需要从这个巨大的混合物，它只能应付一点。如果你继续吃太多一些事情，没有足够的人，你最终会滚出去条件和您的健康将受到。在你开始二厅这么认为。它可能看起来很好。它尝起来好。细！但它真的做得多好，你呢？ What you eat and the way it affects your body depend very much on the kind of person you are. For one thing, the genes you inherit from your parents can determine how your body chemistry (metabolism) copes with particular foods. The tendency to put on weight rather easily, for example, often runs in families-which mean that they have to take particular care.你吃什么和它如何影响你的身体在很大程度上取决于你是什么样的人。对于一件事，你从你的父母那里继承的基因是如何影响你的身体的化学反应（代谢）与特定的食物处理。例如体重增加的趋势，而不是很容易，往往运行在家庭这意味着他们要特别注意。 And your parents may shape your future in another way. Your upbringing shapes some basic attitudes to food-like whether you have a sweet tooth, nibble between meals, take big mouthfuls or eat chips with everything. Eating habits, good or bad, tend to get passed on.你的父母可能形成的另一种方式你的未来。你的教养的形状的一些基本态度食物一样，无论你喜欢吃甜食，吃零食，以大口吃薯片或一切。饮食习惯，好的或坏的，往往会通过。 And then there is your lifestyle. How much you spend on food (time as well as money), how much exercise you get-there can alter the balance between food and fitness.还有就是你的生活方式。你花多少钱在食物（时间和金钱），运动量多少你有可以改变饮食和健身之间的平衡。 And finally, both your age and your sex may affect this balance. For example, you are more likely to put on weight as you get older, especially if you are a woman.最后，无论你的年龄和性别可能会影响这种平衡。例如，你更可能发胖等你老了，特别是如果你是一个女人。 So everybody is different and the important thing is to know yourself.所以每个人都是不同的，重要的是要了解你自己。1.We can infer from the passage that .C. if other members of our family get fat quite easily,we probably will too从文章我们可以推断如果我们家庭的其他成员很容易发胖，我们也可能会2.Before eating something, we are advised to conside .B. whether we really need it吃东西之前，我们要考虑我们是否真的需要它3.If we love sreet things, it is probably due to our .B. parents influence如果我们爱街的东西，它可能是由于我们的父母的影响4.According to the paassage, which person is most likely to put on weight soon?C. An athlete(运动员) who has just retired(退休).根据文章，哪些人最容易发胖呢？一个刚退休的运动员。5. We can draw a conclusion from the passage that .D. proper eating is the key to ones health我们可以从文章中适当的饮食是健康的关键的结论Passage 2You want ahealthy diet for yourself,but did you realize you are also affecting the planet with how and what you eat?Whole food,organic food and raw food can all play an important part in preventing climate change, saving fish and rainforests, reducing pollution and conserving energy for future generations. The following steps outline how:你想要自己健康的饮食，但你意识到你也影响如何和你吃什么行星？整个食品，有机食品和食品原料都可以在防止气候变化中扮演着重要的角色，节约鱼和热带雨林，减少污染和节约能源的未来。以下步骤概述：Reduce your meat consumption: meat production requires a lot of water, land and potentially harmful matters such as hormones and antibiotics, and leads to pollution of soil, air and water. Try switching from beef to chicken or fish, or better still, to beans, tofu(豆腐) and nuts.减少肉类消费：肉类生产需要大量的水，土地，如激素和抗生素的潜在的有害物质，并导致污染土壤，空气和水。尝试转换从牛肉，鸡肉或是鱼，或者更好的是，大豆，豆腐（豆腐）和螺母。Eat organic foods: organic food isnt just healthier for you; it is also healthier for the land, water, air, wildlife and the workers who produce it. If you can find some organic produce, choose strategically. For example, strawberries, sweet bell peppers, and apples require and retain higher pesticide levels than corn, onions and sweet potatoes.吃有机食品：有机食品并不只是为你的健康；它也是健康的土地，水，空气，野生动物和人产生的工人。如果你能找到一些有机农产品，选择战略。例如，草莓，甜辣椒，苹果需要保留农药水平高于玉米，洋葱和土豆。Buy locally-produces foods: buying local food that is in season is good for the environment for many reasons. Buying from local sellers reduces fuel consumption and unnecessary traffic. Locally- produced food is generally fresher and user less packaging. Buying anything produced locally helps save resources used inpacking, processing, marketing and shipping.购买当地生产的食品：购买当地应季食品是有很多原因的良好环境。从当地的卖家购买降低燃料消耗和不必要的交通。本地生产的食品通常是新鲜的和用户较少的包装。购买任何本地生产的有助于节约资源应用于包装，加工，销售和运输。Reduce your cooking fued use: The raw-food movement has swept the nation, and many people swear they feel better after eating raw. Preparing raw food consumers less energy, and raw food is usually fresh by definition. Try using a solar oven. They can cook a wide variety of dishes and require no fuel!减少你的烹饪燃料使用：生食运动已经席卷全国，许多人发誓他们感觉更好吃生。制备原料的食品的消费者较少的能源，原食品通常是新鲜的定义。尝试使用太阳能烤箱。他们可以做各种各样的菜不需要燃料！6.To protect the environment, it is better for you to eat more . B. beans and nuts为了保护环境，你最好多吃豆类和坚果7.When you chose organic food,you should bear in mind that .D. its probably better to buy onions than sweet potatoes当你选择有机食品，你应该记住，它可能是更好的比买洋葱土豆8.Buying locally-produced foods is better for the environment because they .D. require less packaging购买当地生产的食品是更好的环境，因为他们需要更少的包装9.Why does the author recommend eading raw food and using a solar oven?D. Both help reduce the consumption of fuel.为什么作者推荐阅读食品原料和使用太阳能烤箱？两者都有助于减少燃料消耗。10. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?B. A Better Diet for You and Your Environment下列哪个是这篇文章最好的标题？一个更好的饮食对你和你的环境Passage 3More than 10 year ago, it was difficult to buy a tasty pineapple. The fruits that made it to the UK were green on the outside and more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within. Then in 1996, the Del Monte Gold pineapple produced in Hawaii first hit out shelves.超过10年前，很难买到好吃的菠萝。这使得英国的水果外面是绿色和更多的往往不是，硬味道的。然后在1996，德尔蒙特金菠萝生产在夏威夷的第一个打了架。The new type of pineapple looked more yellowy-gold than green. It was slightly softer on the outside and had a lot of juice inside. But the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known. In no time, the Del Monte Gold took the market by storm, rapidly becoming the worlds best-selling pineapple eariety, and delivering natural levels of sweetness in the mouth, up until then only found in tinned pineapple.新型的菠萝看起来更yellowy-gold像绿。它是在外面稍软，有很多汁里面。但是对于这个新品种最重要的是，它是由于两次击中甜菠萝小姐我们知道。在任何时候，德尔蒙特金风暴席卷了市场，迅速成为世界上最畅销的菠萝eariety，并提供自然水平的甜蜜在口中，直到后来才发现菠萝罐头。In nutrition it was all good news too. This nice-tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins, but also good against some diseases. People were unferstandably eager to be able to buy this wonderful fruit. The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater.在营养都是好消息。这种美味的菠萝含有四倍以上的维生素C比旧的绿色品种。营养学家说，它不仅含有丰富的维生素，还可以预防某些疾病。人unferstandably渴望能买这个美妙的水果。新品种菠萝销得快，和Del Monte Gold菠萝迅速成为一次装夹在购物筐健康杀手。Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple, Del Monte tried to keep the market to itself. But other fruit companies developed similar pineapples. Del Monte turned to law for help, but failed. Those companies argued successfully that Del Montes attempts to keep the golden pineapple for itself were just a way to knock them out of the market.看到越来越多的市场对其赢得菠萝，德尔蒙特试图保持市场本身。但是其他水果公司发展类似的菠萝。Del Monte寻求法律帮助，但是失败了。这些公司称Del Monte试图保持金菠萝为本身只是一种敲出来的市场。11. We learn from the text that the new type of pineapple is .A. a little soft outside and sweet inside我们从文章学到新的菠萝有点外软内甜12. Why was the new type of pineapple selling well?C. It was rich in nutrition and tasted nice.为什么是菠萝畅销新类型？它是营养丰富，味道很好。13. The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something .A. that is always present下划线的单词“夹具”3段可能是指永远存在14. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The nice-tasting pineapple contained five times more vitamin C than the old green variety.以下哪项陈述是不正确的？答：美味的菠萝含有五倍以上的维生素C比旧的绿色品种。15. We can learn from the last paragraph that Del Monte .D. tried hard to control the pineapple market我们可以从最后一段学习，Del Monte努力控制菠萝市场Passage 4When I was at school,our teacher told the class “you are what you eat”. My friends and I woule laugh and call each other “hamburgers” and “biscuits”.Our teacher was trying to show us the importance of eating the right food to stay healthy.当我在学校时，我们的老师告诉学生“你吃什么就是什么”。我和我的朋友一起笑，互称“汉堡包”和“饼干”。我们的老师正在给我们吃正确的食物保持健康的重要性。Food influences our health. We have all heard advice such as,”Milk can make you sleepy. To stop feeling sleepy you shoule eat peanuts,” or “Garlic helps you not to catch a cold.” Everyone has his own advice to give, but some of these pieces of advice seem not to agree with each other.食物对我们的健康有影响。我们都听说过的建议，如，“牛奶会使你昏昏欲睡。停止感觉困你应该吃花生，大蒜有助于你”或“不感冒”。每个人都有自己的建议，但这些建议似乎不同意对方。But there does seem to be proof that we are what we eat. A few decades ago there were big campaigns to make British people healthier. We threw out our chip pan with boiled potatoes. At first I felt like my potatoes had no taste at all. But after a while I started to prefer healthier food because I felt stronger and I didnt get sick so often.但是似乎有证据证明我们是我们所吃的东西。几年前有很大的活动，让英国人更健康。我们把我们的从薯片转到煮土豆。首先，我觉得我的土豆并没有在所有的味道。但过了一会儿，我开始喜欢更健康的食物因为我强烈的感受到，我没有生病，所以经常。Japanese people are known to be the healthier in the world because of the food they eat. The healthier Japanese people eat rice and fish and vegetables every day. They drink green tea or water when they are thirsty. The treditional Japanese food is famous for helping you live a longer and healthier life.日本的人都知道在这个世界上是健康的因为他们吃的食物。健康的日本人吃米饭、鱼和蔬菜的每一天。他们喝绿茶或水，当他们口渴。传统的日本食品以帮助你活得更长、更健康的生活。When you know the effects of different types of food, you can use your knowledge well and eat what you want to become.当你知道食物不同的效果，你可以用你的知识和吃什么你想成为。16. When the teacher told the stud