大学英语专业高级英语(上)unit 1.doc

Unit One The Middle Eastern BazaarDetailed Study of the Text:1.The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back of years. Bazaar: A bazaar is an oriental market-place where a variety of goods is sold. *Note: The bazaar played an important role in the society, which demonstrated that the handicraft economy was prosperous. People relied on that kind of economy in their daily life. It is a significant contrast to our modern society.2. You pass from the heat and glare of a big open square into a cool, dark cavern1) In front of the gateway there is a big, open square. It is hot there and the brightness of the sunlight is most disagreeable. But when you enter the gateway, you come to a long, narrow, dark street with some sort of a roof over it and it is cool inside. glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light, not so agreeable and welcome as “bright sunlight”.2) Here the heat” is contrasted with cool, glare with dark, and “open square” with “cavern”.3. Which extends as far as the eye can see, .Note: The words eye and ear are used in the singular not to mean the concrete organ of sight or hearing but something abstract; they are often used figuratively. Here the eyemeans mans power of seeing or eyesight.e.g.1) She has an eye for beauty. (She is capable of recognizing and appreciating beautiful things.)2) She has an ear for music. (She is sensitive to music.)3) The boy has a sharp eye. (He overlooks nothing.)4) The big poster caught my eye. (my attention)5) Keep an eye on that mischievous boy. (Keep a watch on him.)6) to turn a blind eye to sth or sb7) to turn a deaf ear to sth or sb4. Little donkeys . . . entering and leaving the bazaar.1) thread ones way:move through carefully or slowly，changing direction frequently as movinge.g.： Slowly she threaded her way back through the moving mass of people5. Then as you penetrate . . . muted cloth-market penetrate: to pierce or pass into or through. The word penetrate is used here to indicate that you have to pass through a big crowd in order to go deeper into the market.6. The shopkeepers speak in slow . . . follow suit:1) measured : steady, slow and deliberate; rhythmical2) sepulchral: 1. sad, serious, and slightly frighteninge.g. a sepulchral voice2. dark, empty, and slightly frighteninge.g. in the sepulchral gloom of the church3) follow suit:to do the same as someone else has donee.g.： Many young girls are fond of following suit at present4) The buyers overcome by the grave-like atmosphere, also speak in slow, measured tones.7. Bargaining is (the) order of the day.Bargaining is the normal way of doing things. (the) order of the day: the characteristic or dominant feather or activity, the prevailing state of things.If sth. is the order of the day, it is very common among a particular group of peoplee.g. Confusion became the order of the day in the Iraqi headquarters due to the electronic interference from the Allied forces.They failed to act since confusion was the order of the day at the headquarters.His period was a building age, when competition was the order of the day.8. It is a point of honour the last moment. a point of honour: something considered important for ones self-respect. What it is: means “which (thing) in particular”. The words “it is” are added to show emphasis. 9. The seller makes a point of protesting that 1) to make a point of doing sth: regard or treat it as necessary. e.g. The teachers make a point of setting strict demands on the students.Tourists to Beijing make a point of visiting the Great Wall.To realize our goal of the four modernizations, we make a great point of learning the strong points of all nations and all countries, learning all that is genuinely good in the political, economic, scientific and technological fields and in art and literature.10. As you approach it . on your ear:1) tinkling: a succession of light, ringing sounds (e.g. of a small bell)2) banging: hit violently, to make a loud noise (e. g. to bang a door)3) clashing: make a loud, broken, confused noise (as when metal objects striketogether) (e.g. swords clash, the clash-ing of cymbals)4) impinge (on): to have a harmful effect on someone or somethinge.g. Personal problems experienced by students may impinge on their work. impingement 11 until you round a corner see a fairyland of dancing flashes, lamps and braziers 1) burnish: 1. to polish metal or another substance until it shines2. to work hard in order to improve somethingHe missed no opportunity to burnish his image.burnished12. hammering awayaway: continuously, constantly e.g. working, laughing, muttering away13. Elsewhere and yet harmonious. 1) profusion: a very large amount of somethingprofusion ofe.g. The house was overflowing with a profusion of strange ornaments.in profusione.g. Cornflowers grow in profusion in the fields. 2) You have a whole variety of carpets with vivid color, woven in different ways, having designs typical of different region. Some of the designs are clear-cut, well-marked and simple; while others are very complicated, showing all the details yet having all the different parts combined in a pleasing and satisfactory arrangement. 14. Then there is the spice-market, with its pungent and exotic smells Pungent: 1. having a strong taste or smelle.g. pungent smell/aroma/odour etcthe pungent odour of garlic2. (formal) pungent speech or writing is clever and direct, and usually criticizes someone or something stronglye.g. He expressed some fairly pungent criticisms. pungently pungencyexotic smells: Exotic means not only foreign, but also out of the ordinary, strikingly or excitingly different or unusual. It is used to describe something which is very pleasing either to the mind or senses.15. where you can buy everything you need for the most sumptuous dinner1) Sumptuous dinner is contrasted with humble meal.2) sumptuous: rich and costly, suggesting lavish expenditure; very impressive and expensivee.g. a sumptuous feast / a sumptuous palace/a sumptuous banquet/sumptuous furnishing3) humble: (of things) poor, mean16. where camels lie beside them. 1) disdain 1. n. : a complete lack of respect that you show for someone or something because you think they are not important or good enoughwith disdaine.g. She watched me with disdain.a look of complete disdaindisdain fore.g. his disdain for capitalism 2. v. 1) to have no respect for someone or something, because you think they are not important or good enoughe.g. Childcare was seen as womens work, and men disdained it.2) disdain to do something: to refuse to do something because you are too proud to do ite.g. Butler disdained to reply.2) The camels are considered very arrogant, hence disdainfully chewing their hay, showing no interest in the activities going around them. 17. It is a vast sombre cavern of a room: a room that is like a vast sombre cavernsomber: 1. sad and serious(synonym) gravee.g. They sat in sombre silence.We were all in a somber mood that night.a sombre expressionon the sombre occasion of his mothers funeral2. dark and without any bright colours; gloomy e.g. a sombre grey suitThe use of implied comparison and the noun cavern instead of the adjectivecavernous makes the description more vivid. e.g. Jurgis had to work in the hell of a fertilizer factory.He was a tyrant of a landlord.They live in a palace (match-box) of a hous