商务英语口笔译 第二章 第一二节.doc

第二章 笔译技巧第一节 Lesson planJianfang Huang(KIKI)I. Topic: Translation skills II. Objective: To give the students an awareness and knowledge of basic translation skills and will lead the student to solve the problems by using these skills into the real practice.III. Content and procedure of this lecture1. Introduction Question: how many translation skills mentioned in our textbook ? and what are they? Objection: Let the students notice and realize 8 translation skills 2. Body:第一节 词义的选择、引申和褒贬无论是汉语也好英语也罢，都存在着一词多类、一词多义的现象For example: “Head” has over 106 different meanings. Brother-in-law uncle Marry “Gone with the wind” you said you would marry me. 参考答案：姐夫，妹夫，内兄，内弟，大伯，小叔叔叔，叔父，大叔，伯伯，伯父，舅舅，舅父，姑父，姑丈，姨夫，姨丈娶，嫁，嫁给，嫁出，和-结婚你说过你会娶我为妻。一、词义的选择：1、 根据词在句中的词类来选择和确定词义 blank adj. 空白的, 空着的, 失色的, 没有表情的n. 空白, 表格 Example: I have filled this application form incorrectly. Could you give me another blank? （n.）我把申请表格填错了。你能再给我一张空白的吗？The little girls queer questions made all the people blank. (adj.)小女孩稀奇古怪的问题令所有的人都目瞪口呆。 练习： Id like to see your back. I want to see your coming back. 2、根据语境来确定词义 根据词汇的使用场合及上下文的联系来确定词义。 For example: My head is aches seriously . (N.) Use your head, then you will find a way. (N.) 脑筋 He is the head of our department. (N.)练习：It cost $5 a head to eat there.Put your address at the head of the letter. Frank is now the head of a very large business company. the head of the governmentWhere are you heading for?Lets put our heads together and solve this problem.参考答案：到那里吃饭每人须付五美元。把你的地址写在信的上部。弗兰克现在是一家很大的商业公司的老板。政府首脑你往哪儿去？让我们一起想办法解决这个问题（一起商量和计划）二、词义的引申某些词在英语辞典上找不到适当的词义，应该从该词的基本含义出发，进一步加以引申。 For example: Every life has its roses and thorns . You are yellow. He is purple with rage. 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。你真是胆小鬼。他气的脸色铁青。 1、抽象词义具体化。E.g p82、具体词义抽象化。E.g p9练习：The car in front of me stopped and I missed the green.Red face Black sheep of the familyThis happens once in a blue moon. He is not as black as he is painted. All these were put down in black and white. This company went into the red. 我前头的那辆车停住了。我错过了绿灯。（抽象词义具体化）难为情（具体词义抽象化）败家子（具体词义抽象化）这是千载难逢的机会。（抽象词义具体化）他并不象人家描绘的那么坏。（具体词义抽象化）所有的这一切都是白纸黑字写着的。（抽象词义具体化）这家公司亏本了。（抽象词义具体化）三、词义的褒贬处理词的感情色彩E.g. 1)“政治家”Statesman褒义词，含有“睿智的”，“有远见的”Politician 贬义，表示“政客” 2) “马” 语体色彩不同 “horse” 是个常用词 “steed”用于文学或诗歌 “nag”则用于口语 3) 孩子 Children Kids1、 有些词本身就带有明显褒义或贬义色彩。 “famous”和 “notorious” Praiseworthy 和 boasting Polite 和rude 2. 中性词 褒义或贬义 Ambitious 雄心勃勃/野心勃勃第二节 词类的转换英语和汉语的词汇没有一一对应的关系。如： 英语在表达时习惯用名词、形容词等而少用动词，汉语则多用动词1、 名词的词类转换。N.- v./adj./adv.1) n.-v. He is a lover of champagne. 非常喜爱香槟酒 练习： They took a final look at Mike. He made no mention of the his success. Lets have a rest. Everyone are happy to see the game drew to a close. He is a better teacher than me . 参考答案：他们最后看了MIKE 一眼。他没有提到他的成功。每个人都很高兴的看到比赛快结束了。 他比我教的好。 2） n.-adj. p10 The greatness of her beauty enslaved the hearts of all that looked upon her. 她美貌绝伦，见者无不为之倾倒。练习： The pallor (苍白) of her face indicates how she was feeling at the moment. The security and warmth of the camp make me feel released . 她苍白的脸色清楚的表明了她那时的情绪。帐篷很安全也很暖和，让我渐渐的放松下来。 2、 动词的词类转换。V.-n./adv.1) v.-n. p11 练习： Do they pain you at all now? To them , he personified the absolute power . Formality （礼节）has always characterized their relationship . 你还感到疼么？在他们看来，他是绝对权威的化身。他们之间的关系，有一个特点，就是以礼相待。 2）v.-adv. P11 练习：I venture to ask why she has not married?我冒昧地问一下，她为什么没有结婚呢？3、 形容词的词类转换。 Adj.-v./n. 1) adj.-v. p11练习： the doctors have said they are not sure they can save his life. She was able to save that boy. He is more concerned about the money than the life. 医生说他们也不敢肯定是否能够救他的命。 她能救孩子。 比起生命来，他更关心钱。 2）adj.-n. 练习： The poor, the rich They did their best to help the sick and the wounded. We should take care of the old, the infirm, the ill, the very young. The wilde family were religious. 病号和伤员 老弱病幼 Wilde 一家都是虔诚的教徒。4、 副词的词类转换。Adv-n./adj. p11练习： They have not done so well ideologically, however, as organizationally. The sun rose thinly from the sea. He was deeply impressed by what they did in the critical moment. I suppose boys think differently from girls. 参考答案： 但是，他们的思想工作没有他们的组织工作做的好。Adv-n. 淡淡的太阳从海上升起。他们在关键时刻的行为给他留下了深刻的印象。我想男孩子的思维方式和女孩子是不一样的。 5、 介词的词类转换。练习： Doctors found him already in a coma. 医生发现他已经处于昏迷状态。 3 SummaryQuestion: what you have learned from this class? Procedure: discussion within group and then a brief recall of what have learned.Objection: learning from making the summary by discussion and share the information each students have gained with each other.IV. Assessment and Application: A small quiz on the material just covered and the review work will be given. Such as : Please translate the following sentences and point out what translation skill you are using. 练习： The poor, the rich They did their best to help the sick and the wounded. We should take care of the old, the infirm, the ill, the very young. 练习： the doctors have said they are not sure they can save his life. She was able to save that boy. He is more concerned about the money than the life. 练习： Do they pain you at all now? To them , he personified the absolute power . Formality （礼节）has always characterized their relationship . 练习： The pallor (苍白) of her face indicates how she was feeling at the moment. The security and warmth of the camp make me feel released . Homework: (p 57)1. n.-adv. He had the kindness to show me the way. I had the fortune to meet him.I hav