初升高衔接 情态动词.doc

初升高衔接 1/4 -one fourth a quarter 情态动词 词情态动词：can, could, may, might,must,ought to, shall, will,would, need ,dare表示说话人的情感和态度。不受主语人称和数的变化影响；和动词的原形一起构成谓语。情态动词的基本用法1. 表能力，can/be able to代替。can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could，而beableto有多种时态形式。be able to也可表达能力，但常用来表达在某件事情中所表现出来的能力，尤指克服困难能够完成某事。Marycanplaythepiano.Shehasbeenabletoplayitsinceshewas5.玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了。2.表允许。CanIhavealookatyournewpen?我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？Heaskedwhetherhecouldtakethebookoutofthereadingroom.他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。3表委婉。Could/ wouldCan(Could)youlendmeahand?帮我一把好吗？ Wouldyoulikeanotherglassofbeer?再来杯啤酒好吗？Wouldyoumindcleaningthewindow?请把窗户擦一下好吗？4.表可能.May Hemaybeathome.他可能在家。=Meybe he is at home.Shemaynotknowaboutit.她可能不知道这件事。5.表意志。must和haveto “必须” must表示主观意志，而haveto表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。must没有过去式，除在间接引语中可用于表示过去时间，在直接引语中表示过去时间应该用hadto代替。Itoldherthatshemustgiveupsmoking.我叫她必须戒烟。Wehadtogeteverythingreadythatnight.我们那晚得把一切准备就绪。-Mustwehandinourexercisebooksnow?我们现在就要交练习本吗？-No,youneednt./No,youdonthaveto.不必。6.表猜测。在肯定句中一般用must (一定)，may（可能），might / could（也许，或许）。表肯定推测,按可能性由大到小依次为:must should / ought tomaymightcould。It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating. 屋里很冷，他们肯定把暖气关了。（1）.对将来的推测，用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。 She may arrive before 5. 她可能5:00前到。（2）.对现在的推测，“情态动词 +be doing”或“情态动词 + 动词原形”。He must be listening to the radio now. 他一定正在听收音机。 He cant not be at home at this time. 这个时候他肯定不在家。（3）对过去的推测，用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。It must have rained last night .The ground is wet. 地湿了，昨晚肯定下雨了。The door was locked. He can not have been at home . 门锁着，他肯定不在家。（4）.表推测的反意疑问句，就是以情态动词后的时态为淮。以 must 为例：1. You must be hungry now, arent you? 2. He must be watching TV , isnt he ?3 Tom must have lived her for a long time, hasnt he ?4. She must have arrived yesterday, didnt she?7.表征询，shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句。ShallIgetyousometea?我给你点茶好吗？Whatshallwedothisevening?我们今晚做什么？8.表意愿，will用于各种人称陈述句。 Iwilldoanythingforyou.我愿为你做任何事。Ifyouwillreadthebook,Illlendittoyou.如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。9. 表义务,should /oughtto should意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。oughtto意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.你对老师应该有礼貌。 Youshouldntwasteanytime.你不应该浪费时间。Youarehisfather.Yououghttotakecareofhim.你是他父亲，应当管他。 Yououghtnttosmokesomuch.你不应该抽这么多烟。9.表习惯：would和usedto usedto动作或状态，现在不发生或存在。而would只表过去的情况。Peopleusedtothinkthattheearthwasflat. 过去人们认为地球是平的。（现在人不这么认为。）Shewouldgooutforawalkinthemorningwhenshewasinthecountry.在乡下时，她总是在早晨去散会儿步。（可能仍散步）10.表责备 should /ought to have +done”表责备“本应该做某事却没做” shouldnt /ought not to have +done”表责备“本不应该做某事做了”。例如：She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. 她本该出席你的生日晚会的，可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。（该做而没做）Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm.汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密，可是他并无恶意。（不该做而做了）11.need和dare的用法need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。1）.用作情态动词 -NeedIcome?-Yes,youmust.-我需要来吗？-需要。 Youneednttelephonehimnow.Shedarenotgooutaloneatnight.她晚上不敢一个人出去。 Notoneofthemdaredmentionthis.他们谁也不敢提这件事。2）.用作实义动词Youdontneedtodoityourself.你不必亲自做这件事。 Weneedtotellthemthenews.我们需要把这消息告诉他们。Weshoulddaretogiveourownopinion.我们要敢于提出自己的观点。 Hedidnotdare(to)lookup.他不敢抬头看。一，单选1)A computer _think for itself, it must be told what to do.A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not2).The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to3)-Where is my uncle, Mary? -He _ in the bedroom.A. must have been B. must be C. may have been D. should have been4)Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. must B. may C. can D. will5) -That must be a mistake. -No, it _ a mistake.A. must not be B. neednt be C. can not be D. would not be6) Its nearly 7 oclock. Dad _ come home soon.A. can B. could C. would D. should7)-Are you coming to Jeffs party? -Im not sure. I _ go to the concert tonight.A. must B. would C. should D. might8)You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt9)Johnny, you_ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself.A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt, must D. cant; shouldnt10).I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep.A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been11).I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She _ at the meeting.A. mustnt have spoken B. shouldnt have spoken C. neednt have spoken D. couldnt have spoken12).I cant find Mr. Smith anywhere in the office building. Where _ he have gone?A. must B. can C. should D. need13.May I sit beside you, sir? - No, you _. My girlfriend is coming soon.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt14.- _ I speak to Mary, please? -Sorry, she_ come to the phone because she isnt in.A. Might; wont B. Cant; mustnt C. May; cant D. Couldnt; shouldnt15. - I want to know if I _ smoke here. - No, you_ . Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” there?A. can; neednt B. must; cant C. shall; wont D. may; mustnt16. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always _ look it up.A. must B. should C. would D. has to17. - _ you pass me the English magazine, please? - Sure. Here you are.A. Could B. Need C. Must D. Might18. -Must I go to work with you? - No, you_. Linda _ go with me.A. mustnt; can B. cant; has to C. darent; should D. neednt; may19. - _ I tell Mary the test results? - No, you_. Shes already got the score.A. Will; wont B. Shall; neednt C. May; mustnt D. Can; dont20. You _ be careful when crossing here. The traffic lights arent working.A. might B. ought to C. could D. may21. -Could I borrow your bicycle? - Yes, of course you_.A.will B. should C. can D. need22. - _ I finish the homework now, Mum? - No, you _. You can do it after dinner.A. Must .needntB. Must.mustnt C. May.cantD. May.may23. My father _walk to work, but now he _ to work by bike.A. use to.goesB. is used to .is going C. used to .is goingD. used to.goes24.The thieves_by the policemen yesterday afternoon.A. caught B. are caught C. were caught D. had caught25. We _ keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.A. shouldB. mayC. needD. can26. His parents _ pay for his education.A. doesnt need toB. dont need to C. neednt toD. doesnt have27. Be quiet! The baby _ in the next room.A. will sleepB. is sleeping C. sleepsD. are sleeping28. The weather report _it is going to rain tonight.A. saysB. tellsC. speaksD. talks29. _ children _ watching cartoons?A. Does.likeB. Are .like C. Do .likeD. Does.likes30. Mike _ be here now because he has just gone to Washington.A. mustnt B. needntC. shouldntD. cant31.The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to32.-What do you think of this answer? -I dont think it _ be right.A.should B. might C. must D. can33. - Is John coming by train? - He should, but he _. He likes driving his car.A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. mustnt34-Why! I couldnt get you on the phone this morning. - We _ tennis in the yard when you phone me.A. could be playing B. must be playing C. must have been playing D. should have played35-I came here by taxi and the driver charged me 50 yuan. -Really? You _ have come by bus.A. could B. must C. may D. should36. -I wonder why Mr Lin didnt come to work. - He_ have been ill.A. neednt B. should C. might D. can37. -No one passed the mathematics examination today. -I guess we _ the exercise last night.A. could review B. should review C. might review D. should have reviewed38. The book is neither yours nor mine. Whose _ it be? A. must B. may C. should D. can39. It must have rained last night, _ it? A. mustnt B. cant C. hasnt D. didnt40. If I _go with you, I would feel very glad. A.can B. could C. should D. may二完型A story tells that two friends were walking through the desert( 沙漠). During the trip they had a 1._, and one friend hit the other in the face. The one who was beaten was hurt, but without saying 2._, he wrote in the sand: Today my best friend hit me in the face.They 3._ on walking until they found a lake, where they decided to take a bath（洗澡）. The one, who had been beaten, fell into the lake and started drowning(溺水), but the friend saved him. After he came back to life from the near drowning, he wrote on a 4._ : Today my best friend saved my life.The friend who had hit and 5._ his best friend asked: 6._ I hurt you, you wrote in the sand and now, you wrote on a stone, why? The other friend 7._ : When someone hurts us, we should write it down in sand 8._ wind can blow it away. 9._ , when someone does something good for us, we must write it down in stone where no 10._ can ever blow it away.( ) 1. A. talk B. joke C. fight D. picnic( ) 2. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything( ) 3. A. kept B. continued C. lasted D. tried( ) 4. A. sand B. stone C. tree D. wall( ) 5. A. killed B. hurt C. saved D. made( ) 6. A. Before B. While C. Until D. After( ) 7. A. replied B. asked C. questioned D. required( ) 8. A. which B. how C. where D. when( ) 9. A. Although B. Or C. But D. If( ) 10. wind B. water C. air D. sand四阅读Hundreds of years ago，a Roman army came north from England to make war on Scotland. The Scots，a brave people，loved their country very much. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland，but there were too many Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.One night，the leader of Scots marched his soldiers to the top of a hill. “We will rest here tonight，my men,”he said. “Tomorrow we will fight one more battle. We must win or we will die.”They were all very tired，so they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep. There were four guards on duty，but they，too，were very tired，and one by one，also fell asleep.The Romans were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they climbed up the hillside，taking care not to make a sound. Closer and closer they came to the sleeping Scots. They were almost at the top. A few minutes more，the war would be over. Suddenly，one of them put his foot on a thistle(蓟). He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots. In a moment，they were on their feet and ready for battle. The fighting was hard but it did not last long. The Scots wiped out the Romans and saved their country.The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people like it. But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower.1. Hundreds of years ago there was a war between _.A. Roman army and North England B. Roman army and the Scots C. England and Scots D. a brave people and the Scots2. At first it looked as if the Romans would win because _.A. the Scots were not brave B. the Roman army was so strong C. the Scots did not have a good leader D. the Romans had the support from the Scottish3. “We must win or we will die.”What the leader of the Scots said means _.A. they were sure to win B. they couldnt escape from deathC. they would win and then they would die D. th