上海交通大学试卷(B卷).doc

上海交通大学试卷（B卷）2006至2007年 第1学期班级号：_ 学号：_ 姓名：_课程名称：Organic Chemistry II (Jan.26，2007)You have 120 minutes to answer all of the following 10 questions. The total value of them is 100 points. Good Luck!1. (5 points) In your mind, what are the five key points you learned in organic chemistry? Why?2. (10 points) What are the differences between aryl halides and alkyl halides in the substitution reactions? Why?RX : SN1 and SN2ArX : SNAr addition-eliminationElimination addition : BengyneElimination addition Explaination: a)b) sp2C-X shorter and strongerresonance3. (10 points) How about the reaction of phenol with concentrated sulfuric acid? Explain its mechanism and performance in detail.AnswerMachanism: electrophilic aromatic substitutiona)b)c)d)4. (10 points) What are the named reactions as follows? (Give examples)(a) The Diels-Alder reaction(b) The Friedel-Crafts alkylation(c) The Claisen condensation(d) The Michael addition5. (11 points) What is aldol reaction? Give its mechanisms in the presence of acid and base respectively?AnswerAcid:Base(a)(b)(c)6. (10 points) Outline a route to prepare the following compound from benzene and other needed reagents:Answer7. (10 points) Preparation of the following compound from ethylene.Answer8. (9 points) Give three different methods for converting carbonyl groups of aldehydes and ketones to CH2- groups.answera) The Clemmensen Reductionb)c) Wolff-Kishner reduction9. (15 points) Explain the following items using examples:(a) Markovnikov addition vs anti-Markovnikov addition(b) Zaitev rule vs. Hofmann rule(c) Oxidation vs reductionAnswera) Markovnikov additionAnti- Markovnikov additionb) Zaitev ruleTo form the more stable alkeneHofmann rulesTo form the least substituted alkenec) Oxidation : to increase its oxygen content (decrease its H content) or its content of any element more electronegative than cabon.Reduction : the opposite of oxidation10. (10 points) Describe the impotance and limitations of Grinard reagents in or