北京四中2018-2019高一上期末英语试题及答案.doc

.2018北京四中高一（上）期末英 语第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分35分）第一节 语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 16. With my glasses _ (break), I will have to buy a new one. 17. It just isnt fair. _I was working as a waiter last month, my friends werelying on the beach. 18. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ (wait) for another hour. 19. This school is only for the children _ first language is not English. 20. The new English teacher impressed us _ his sense of humor and rich knowledge. 21. 一Ann is in hospital. 一Oh, really? I _ know. I _ go and visit her. A. didnt; am going to B. dont; would C. dont; will D. didnt; will 22. The police are offering a big _ for information about the murder case. A. award B. prize C. reward D. money 23. Now the Great Wall has become one of the _ (place) of interestnot only to the Chinese people, but also to people from all over the world. 24. Qi Baishis style of painting often leaves the audience _ (guess) and (make)them use their imagination. 25. Its already ten oclock. My father _ be sleeping now. 26. Why cant you finish your work on time? Well, the heavy rain has added _ a lot of difficulty to our work. 27. They didnt want to come with us first but we _ persuade them. 28. Looking up, I saw her eyes _ (fix) on me in curiosity. 29. The classic superheroes like Spiderman or Superman _ (date) back to many decades ago, but they are still very popular among the youths. 30. We already knew that not everyone would _ our enthusiasm for this plan. A. relate B. share C. impress D. reject第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分, 共20分） 阅读下面短文. 掌握其大意, 然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, many years ago, when I was working as a psychologist （心理学家） at a childrens institution in England, an adolescent boy showed up in the waiting room. I went out there where he was 31 up and down restlessly. Tim wore a black raincoat that was 32 all the way up to his neck. His face was pale, and he stared at his feet while wringing （扭） his hands nervously. He had 33 his father as a baby, and had lived with his mother and grandfather ever since. But the year before he turned 13, his grandfather and mother were killed in a car accident. Now he was fourteen and in family care. I looked at Tim. He was very 34 and depressed （in low spirits）. He refused to talk to me. The first two times we 35 , Tim only sat hunched up （蜷缩） in the chair without saying a word. As he was about to leave after the second visit. I put my hand on his shoulder. He didnt 36 back, but he didnt look at me either. “Come back next week, if you like, ”I said. I 37 a bit. Then I said, “I know it hurts. ” He came, and I 38 we play chess. He nodded. After that we played chess every Wednesday afternoon-in 39 and without making any eye contact. Its not easy for me to 40 in chess, but I admit that I made sure Tim won once or twice. Usually, he arrived earlier, took the chessboard and pieces and set them up before I even got a（n） 41 to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my 42 . But why did he 43 look at me? “Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his 44 with, ”I thought. One afternoon. Tim took off his raincoat and put it on the back of the chair. While he was setting up the chess pieces, his face seemed more 45 and his motions more lively. Some months later, I sat staring at Tims head, 46 he was bent over the chessboard. I was thinking about how little we knew about the healing（治疗） process. 47 , he looked up at me. “Its your 48 ,” he said. After that day, Tim started talking. Maybe I gave Tim something, but I learned a lot from him. He showed me how one-without any wordscan 49 out to another person. All it 50 is a hug. a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, a sympathetic natureand an ear that listens. 31. A. walking B. jumping C. sitting D. jogging 32. A. put B. buttoned C. wrapped D. tied 33. A. hated B. found C. missed D. lost 34. A. sad B. mad C. calm D. tough 35. A. talked B. tried C. gathered D. met 36. A. call B. come C. draw D. get 37. A. suspected B. hesitated C. worried D. doubted 38. A. insisted B. demanded C. required D suggested 39. A. satisfaction B. patience C. silence D. excitement 40. A. cheat B. move C. play D. win 41. A. promise B. invitation C. order D. chance 42. A. attendance B. technique C. company D. instruction 43. A. sometimes B. never C. often D. ever 44. A. pain B. secret C. ideas D. interests 45. A. serious B. lovely C. alive D. pale 46. A. since B. until C. before D. while 47. A. Suddenly B. Nervously C. Strangely D. Fortunately 48. A. time B. turn C. fault D. way 49. A. figure B. leave C. bring D. reach 50. A. works B. gives C. takes D. makes第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A My morning routine varies little from day to day. I walk the dog, eat breakfast at the kitchen counter with Katie and Matt, and then settle in for a day at the computer. And because I work mostly from home. I have learned that little walks into the outside world are important for psychological well-being. So before I begin attempting to put sentences together, I walk over to a little coffee shop in my neighborhood, and chat with the folks behind the counter. The coffee shop is on the other side of the historic ChesapeakerOhio Canal from my house. Whenever in season, tourists line up to take a slow boat, if not to India, at least into the 19th century. One warm day last fall, I turned the comer to see one of the boatmen sitting alone on the boat, bathed in early-morning light. He was playing the violin. The scene stopped me in my tracks. What I witnessed could only be described as a perfect moment. Ten seconds at most. But months later I still remember just standing there, watching, listening, and taking it all in. We all have such moments put before us. Little surprises. Whether were wise enough to see them is another thing. I thought of the violin man one Sunday afternoon while reading the biographies of those killed in the Columbia incident. The specialist Laurel Clark, talking from the shuttle a few days before it was to land. said it was blissful to see the simple unexpected wonders of space, like a sunset. “Theres a flash；the whole payload bay turns this rosy pink, ”she said. “It only lasts about 15 seconds, and then its gone. ” I once had a friend who had a strange habit that never stopped to amuse me, maybe because I never quite knew when she was going to spring it on me. It could come in the middle of a particularly lively dinner with old friends. Out of the blue, shed say, “Stop”I want to remember this moment. ”I realize now, after her death. what wise advice that is. 51. The author goes out for a walk every day in the morning mainly because _. A. she needs to walk the dog and enjoy the fresh air B. she considers that it is good for her physical health C. she hates to be left alone at home when others are out D. she benefits psychologically from contacting the outside world 52. The underlined word“blissful”in Paragraph 5 probably means _. A. enjoyable B. valuable C. agreeable D. reasonable 53. The main purpose of the passage is to tell people to _. A. develop a good habit B. enjoy life to the fullest C. catch the valuable moments in life D. be willing to follow friends advice 54. “I”in the passage is probably a _. A. violinist B. writer C. sailor D. waitressB My doorbell rings. On the step, I find the elderly Chinese lady, small and slight, holding the hand of a little boy. In her other hand, she holds a paper carrier bag. I know this lady. It is not her first visit. She is the boys grandmother, and her daughter bought the house next door last October. Her daughter, Nicole, speaks fluent English. But she is now in Shanghai, and her parents are here with the little boy. Nicole has obviously told her mother that I am having heart surgery soon, so her mother has decided I need more nutrients. I know what is inside the bag一a thermos with hot soup and a stainlesssteel container with rice, vegetables and either chicken, meat or shrimp, sometimes with a kind of pancake. This has become an almostdaily practice. Communication between us is somewhat affected by the fact that she doesnt speak English and all I can say in Chinese is hello. Once, she brought an iPad as well as the food. She pointed to the screen, which displayed a message from her daughter telling me that her mother wanted to know if the food was all fight and whether it was too salty. I am not used to iPads, so she indicated I should go with her to her house. Then, she handed the iPad to her husband and almost immediately I found myself looking at Nicole in Shanghai and discussing her mothers cooking and salt intake. Instantly, tears welled in my eyes. “Your mother just cant be bringing me meals like this all the time. ”I insisted. “I can hardly do dishes in return. ” “Oh, no, Lucy. ”Nicole said. “Mum doesnt like western food. Dont worry aboutit；she has to cook for the three of them anyway, and she wants to do it. ” The doorbell keeps ringing and there is the familiar brown paper carrier bag, handed smilingly to me. I am now working on some more Chinese wordsits the least I can do after such a display of kindness. “Thank you”is, of course, the first one. Somehow, it seems inadequate. 55. The elderly Chinese lady visits Lucy regularly because _. A. Lucy pays her to deliver food B. Lucy likes cooking Chinese food C. she cares about Lucys state of health D. she wants to make friends with Lucy 56. Nicoles mum took an iPad to Lucys home for _. A. displaying B. communicating C. cooking D. chatting 57. In this passage Lucy mainly expresses her _. A. preference for the Chinese food B. gratitude to the Chinese family C. love of the advanced technology D. affection for the Chinese language 58. Lucy is learning Chinese _. A. to show her appreciation of Chinese Culture B. in preparation for her trip to China C. to say thank you in Chinese D. as a way to show her gratitude to the kindness of Nicoles motherC How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters of water per day survive in a desert environment? In the southwest African country of Namibia, and the Sahara lands of Mali further north, the desert elephant does just that. Although not regarded as a separate species from the African elephant, the desert cousin differs in many ways. Their bodies are smaller, to absorb 1ess heat, and their feet are larger for easier walking across sandy surfaces. They are taller, to reach higher branches. They have shorter tusks（象牙）, and most importantly, longer trunks to dig for water in riverbeds. Desert elephants can travel over 70 kilometers in search for feeding grounds and waterholes, and have a larger group of families. They drink only every 3-4 days, and can store water in a“bag”at the back of their throat. which is only used when badly needed. Desert elephants are careful feeders-they seldom root up trees and break fewer branches, and thus maintain what little food sources are available. Young elephants may even eat the dung（粪便）of the female leader of a group when facing food shortage. During drought they are unlikely to give birth to their young but with good rains the birthrate will increase greatly. Desert elephants have sand baths, sometimes adding their own urine（尿液） to make them muddy! As we continue to overheat our weak planet, it can only be hoped that other animal species will adapt as extraordinarily well to change as the desert, elephant. 59. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means“_”. A. remains in the African countries B. drinks 120 liters of water a dayC. manages to live in desert areas D. eats 150 kilograms of food daily 60. Desert elephants are called careful feeders because they _. A. rarely ruin trees B. drink only every 3-4 days C. search for food in large groups D. protect food sources for their young 61. The author answers the question raised in the first paragraph with _. A. stories and explanation B. facts and descriptions C. examples and conclusion D. evidence and argument 62. What can be inferred from the last sentence in the passage? A. Overheating the earth can be stopped. B. Not all animal species are so adaptable. C. The planet will become hotter and hotter. D. Not all animals are as smart as desert elephants. D We know the famous onesthe Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham BeIls一but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper（雨刮器）? Shouldnt we know who they are? Joan Mclean thinks so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that shes developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning“who”invented“what”. however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the“why”and“how”questions. According to Mclean, “when students learn the answers to these questions. they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try. ” Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of Mcleans statement. “If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper invention, ”said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major,“I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive. ”Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer. So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield. she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a builtin device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever（操作杆） on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper. Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. Its hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgans traffic light. Its equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgetts innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses? 63. By mentioning“traffic light”and“windshield wiper”. the author indicates that countless inventions are _. A. beneficial, because their inventors are famous B. beneficial, though their inventors are less famous C. not useful-because their inventors are less famous D. not useful, though their inventors are famous 64. Professor Joan McLeans course aims to _. A. add color and variety to students campus life B. inform students of the invention of the windshield wiper C. carry out the requirements by Mountain University D. prepare students to try their own invention 65. Tommy Lees invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _. A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm D. not related to Professor Joan McLeans lectures 66. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage? A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers? B. How to Design a Builtin Device for Cleaning the Window? C. Shouldnt We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper? D. Shouldnt We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?EBrilliant Autunm Colors As trees across the northern areas turn gold and deep red, you can find autumn colors in parks and woodlands, in the cities, countryside, and mountains. People are wondering what these colors are for. For years, scientists have worked to understand the changes that happen to trees in the autumn. Up to now there have been different explanations for why natural selection makes autumn colors so widespread. Dr. Hamilton from Oxford University proposed that bright autumn leaves contained a message：they warn insects to leave them alone. In autumn. insects choose trees where they will lay eggs. When the larvae（幼虫）come out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of the trees. Dr. Hamilton suggested that trees could ward off these insects with poisons. They could have strong defenses by letting egglaying insects know what was in store for their eggs. Dr. Hamilton and his students turned the theory into a mathematical model which showed that warning signals could indeed drive the evo