Unit 1essay on AmericaVIP

Unit one text A Essay on AmericaStep1: Introduction of the author n Stanley Zir is the founder of Never Again Is Now and Victorious America. com, dedicated to the completion of Americas destiny . in fulfilling Libertys mandate: Our Eternal War on Tyranny.“n an American of Jewish Descentn Articles:q Obama hammers and sickles Americaq The Obama Doctrine: Terrorists are R U.S.“q House votes Israel negotiate with terroristsq Iran now, the threat to America is imminent background information-Puritansn It was the name given _to the more extreme _within the Church of England who thought the English Reformation had not gone far enough in reforming the doctrines and structure of the church; they wanted to purify their national church by eliminating every shred of_. n _century many Puritans emigrated to America, where they sought to found _in new world. Puritanism remained the dominant cultural force in that area into the_.n n their beliefsq Most of American puritans held ideas in the mainstream of Calvinistic thought. q In addition to believing in the absolute sovereignty of God, the total depravity of man, and the complete dependence of human beings on divine grace for salvation, they stressed the importance of personal religious experience. n During the whole colonial period, Puritanism had direct impact on both religious thought and cultural patterns in America. n In the 19th century its influence was indirect, but it can still be seen at work stressing the importance of education in religious leadership and demanding that religious motivations be tested by applying them to practical situations.Influence on American Society n 1.Traditon: q The Puritans hoped to build a city upon hillan ideal community in New England. Since that time, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model for other nations. n 2. American Values: q American values such as individualism, hard work, and the sense of equality owe very much to the Puritan beliefs.Step2: General idea of the textn In this passage, the author mainly confirms Americans emphasis on individual rights and freedom and check on the status quo by demonstrating us how they struggled for this from the perspective of its history. Whats more, in the end he concludes that it is this emphasis and struggle that define America character and set it apart from the rest of the world.Structure of the textn Part 1:(para1-para5) Before 1620q Puritans, persecuted for their religious beliefs by the Church of England, were determined to emigrated to America to act their religious beliefs. This later became the driving force of Americas struggle for individual rights and freedom.n Part 2: para6- para12 17th-19thq They fought against British for their rights and freedom and found documents to ensure their rights. In addition, the government was structured to preserve the rights of individual and the status quo was also put/kept in check.n Part 3: para13-para16 19th-20thq Their struggle for individual rights such as the rights of the black, womens rights, civil rights, workers rights. continues gathering momentum.n Part4: para17-para 20 conclusionq In the end, the author points out that the reason why America, a young country, develops so fast is that it stresses the individualism instead of collectivism and keeps the status quo in check.Step3: Para 1n When the Puritans lived in England they were persecuted for their religious beliefs. The Church of England prohibited them from worshipping in their own way. There was no debate about the validity of the Puritans doctrine. They were considered heretics by the absolute power and authority of the Church, exercising the power of the Status Quo.n General idea:q Puritans living in England were persecuted for their religious beliefs and were considered heretics by The Church of England.New Words n Persecute- q treat sb badly or cruelty over a period of time, especially because of their religious or political beliefsq Eg: During the Cultural Revolution, Liu Shaoqi was persecuted for his political thoughts.n Prosecute-q To say officially that sb might be guilty of a crime and must be judged by a court of lawq Eg: He was prosecuted for corruption.q Synonyms: charge, accuseq be charged with, be accused of, be prosecuted forNew wordsn Prohibitq To officially stop an activity by making it illegal or against the rulesq Eg：Smoking is prohibited inside this building.n Synonyms: prevent, ban, forbid, stop,n exhibit, inhibit, prohibit,( look up the words by yourself)New wordsn exercising the power of the Status Quon exerciseq V. (formal) to use power, influenceq I intend to exercise my right to vote.n the Status Quoq the state of a situation as it isq Eg: They have a vested interest in maintaining the Status Quo.q But many analysts are skeptical about the willingness of leaders to adopt significant changes, noting the concentration of power and money at the top of the party. The new set of leaders appears to uphold the status quo, according to Willy Lam, a history professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. (CNN) paraphrase:n There was no debate about the validity of the Puritans doctrine.n There was no discussion about whether the beliefs of the puritans were reasonable or not. In other words, the beliefs of the puritans were not allowed to discuss at that time.Para2 n The Church of England believed in Christianity. But was it the teaching of their founder to persecute others, lock them up and take away their freedom simply because their beliefs were different? In this case, if they had cared to see, their own professed beliefs would have acted as a mirror to expose their hypocrisy and evil.n General idea:n What the Church of England did to puritans in fact was a far cry from what they believed in.n In other words, the Church of England is hypocritical and evil.New wordsProfessedq 1）clearly and openly stating what you believe a professed Christian 公开表信仰的基督教徒 2) pretended, rather real or sincere eg: I couldnt stand their professed kind. 我受不了他们的假慈悲。 n Profess, profession, professional,Translation n But was it the teaching of their founder to persecute others, lock them up and take away their freedom simply because their beliefs were different?n 但是仅仅因为他们的信仰不同，基督教创造者的教义就是迫害他人，囚禁他们以及剥夺他们的自由吗？Translate n In this case, if they had cared to see, their own professed beliefs would have acted as a mirror to expose their hypocrisy and evil.n 在这种情况下，如果他们当时仔细看看，就会发现他们公开声称的信仰就会作为一面镜子揭露出他们的虚伪与邪恶。Para3 n Having the chance to resettle in America the Puritans acted. If they had stayed in England, the Church and the Government would have destroyed them because of their beliefs and because they did not have the support from the general populace at the time.n General idea: n When the puritans emigrated to America, they acted their beliefs. Para 4n What happened to the Puritans and their choice to settle in America set in motion a wave of determination so great it not only became the driving force of the development and character of American society but it also became the impetus for the spreading of human rights and democracy worldwide. n 承上启下：n 上：q What happened to the Puritans and their choice to settle in America n 下：q the driving force of the development and character of American society q the impetus for the spreading of human rights and democracy worldwide New Words or phrasesn Set in motionq To start a process or series of events that will continue for some timeq Eg: Chinese government has set in motion a wide-ranging combat against corruption.n impetus & momentumq an influence that makes sth happen or happen more quicklyq Eg: The combat against corruption is gather momentum/impetus in China .Translation n What happened to the Puritans and their choice to settle in America set in motion a wave of determination so great it not only became the driving force of the development and character of American society but it also became the impetus for the spreading of human rights and democracy worldwide.n 清教徒在英国所遭受的迫害和他们移民到美国的选择掀起了一股决心高涨的浪潮。并且这股浪潮如此强大，使得它不仅推动了美国社会的发展和塑造了美国人的个性而且还促进了人权和民主在全世界的传播。Para 5n Why was this force so powerful that nothing could stop it from displaying its indomitable resolve in the human spirit? n The Church of England tried to suppress the individual in their spiritual beliefs, their private domain, the seat of life where all people inquire about their own existence. It tried to imprison their mind, the seat of judgment which is the main driving force to discern good from evil. n This triggered a chain reaction that would release the flow of individual rights, that would saturate the American psyche, thus becoming the driving force that would shape our history and become the standard of behavior to protect what is most noble in humanity. n General idea:n The reason why this force was so powerful that nothing could stop it from displaying its indomitable resolve in the human spirit.New wordsn indomitable & invincible q too powerful or strong to be defeated or changedq an old man of indomitable spirit( the Old Man and the Sea) 一位意志坚强的老人q her invincible determination/ resolve 她那坚定不移的决心n resolve & determinationq Strong or powerful willq My English teachers encouragement strengthened my resolve /determination to speak English in class.n domain & realm q an area or a field of activity, interest, or knowledgeq Military history is really outside my domain.q 我对军事实在一窍不通。q new discoveries in the realm of science 科学领域的新发现Translation n The Church of England tried to suppress the individual in their spiritual beliefs, their private domain, the seat of life where all people inquire about their own existence. It tried to imprison their mind, the seat of judgment which is the main driving force to discern good from evil. n 英国教会企图抑制清教徒的精神信仰，侵占他们的私人空间，在这个生活空间里他们所有人都在探索询问自己存在的意义。并且它还企图禁锢他们的思想和心灵，从而禁锢了促进他们分辨善恶的批判思维。Translationn This triggered a chain reaction that would release the flow of individual rights, that would saturate the American psyche, thus becoming the driving force that would shape our history and become the standard of behavior to protect what is most noble in humanity.n 这引起了一连串的反应，它不仅将会传播捍卫个人权利的思想，并且这种思想将会完完全全地印在美国人的脑海中，从而成为促进美国历史发展进程的推动力，也成为捍卫人类最崇高理想的行为标准。Para 6n Now the seed was planted, from that time on the given right of the individual to stand up and defend himself against any force or system that would subdue his rights was set in motion. n This phenomenon where noble ideals continue to rise up even from the ashes of our own indignities is uniquely American. n The fact that we continually champion the cause for individual rights under any circumstances is what makes our struggle so important to the worlds social structure and its future.n General idea:n Since the puritans settled in America, they have struggled to protect their given right of the individual. It is this struggle that shapes Americans typical character.New wordsn Subdueq To stop a person or group from behaving violently, especially by using forceq Eg: Police managed to subdue the angry crowd.n champion the causeq To publicly fight for the rights and aims of a group of peopleq Eg: He had championed the cause of the poor for many years.q 他为贫苦大众的权益奋斗多年。 translationn This phenomenon where noble ideals continue to rise up even from the ashes of our own indignities is uniquely American. n 捍卫崇高理想的热情继续高涨,这种热情甚至从我们自己愤怒的灰烬里燃起。而这种现象也只会在美国发生。Para 7n As time continued, many other people came to this country, some for political reasons, some to escape prosecution and persecution, some for economic reasons, and many were forced to come here and be sold as slaves. Soon many different colonies were formed containing people from all parts of the globe, but still the English maintained an oppressive social and economic grip over the colonies. The colonists were an independent lot and there was no way they accepted the Church of England or the aristocratic social structure as something they could embrace.n General idea:n Although many other people came to America and lived in many different colonies, the English still upheld the main control over the colonies.New wordsn maintain a grip over sthq To continue controlling sthq Eg: Despite the spectacular economic and social changes China has undergone in recent times, the party has maintained a tight grip on power and upheld its obscure methods for selecting its top leaders. ( from CNN)n embracen To completely accept sth such as a new belief, idea, or way of lifen Eg: Young people embrace new concepts more easily than the old.Translation n The colonists were an independent lot and there was no way they accepted the Church of England or the aristocratic social structure as something they could embrace.n 殖民地是一块独立的地盘， 让他们欣然接受英国教会的教义抑或是认可贵族社会结构是绝对不可能的。阅读技巧的训练n 把握段落以及文章主旨大意q key wordsq Topic sentencen 长难句的理解q 定语从句 which , where, that, when, who, whoseq 同位语从句 that ( 有时可省略) ，一般是 the fact thatn 指示代词所指代的内容, 比如 this, that, these, thosen 连词，特别是转折连词 but, however, even though. 后面的内容往往是作者想要表达的观点。 Para 5n Why was this force so powerful that nothing could stop it from displaying its indomitable resolve in the human spirit? n The Church of England tried to suppress the individual in their spiritual beliefs, their private domain, the seat of life where all people inquire about their own existence. It tried to imprison their mind, the seat of judgment which is the main driving force to discern good from evil. n This triggered a chain reaction that would release the flow of individual rights, that would saturate the American psyche, thus becoming the driving force that would shape our history and become the standard of behavior to protect what is most noble in humanity. n General idea:n The reason why this force was so powerful that nothing could stop it from displaying its indomitable resolve in the human spirit.New wordsn indomitable & invincible q too powerful or strong to be defeated or changedq an old man of indomitable spirit( the Old Man and the Sea) 一位意志坚强的老人q her invincible determination/ resolve 她那坚定不移的决心n resolve & determinationq Strong or powerful willn domain & realm q an area or a field of activity, interest, or knowledgeq Military history is really outside my domain.q 我对军事实在一窍不通。q new discoveries in the realm of science 科学领域的新发现Translation n The Church of England tried to suppress the individual in their spiritual beliefs, their private domain, the seat of life where all people inquire about their own existence. It tried to imprison their mind, the seat of judgment which is the main driving force to discern good from evil. n 英国教会企图抑制清教徒的精神信仰，侵占他们的私人空间，在这个生活空间里他们所有人都在探索询问自己存在的意义。并且它还企图禁锢他们的思想和心灵，即禁锢了助于他们分辨善恶的判断思维。Para 6n Now the seed was planted, from that time on the given right of the individual to stand up and defend himself against any force or system that would subdue his rights was set in motion. n This phenomenon where noble ideals continue to rise up even from the ashes of our own indignities is uniquely American. n The fact that we continually champion the cause for individual rights under any circumstances is what makes our struggle so important to the worlds social structure and its future.n General idea:n Since the puritans settled in America, they began to struggle to protect their given right of the individual. It is this struggle that shapes Americans typical character.New wordsn Subdue = suppressq To stop a person or group from behaving violently, especially by using forceq Eg: Police managed to subdue the angry crowd.n champion the causeq To publicly fight for the rights and aims of a group of peopleq Eg: He had championed the cause of the poor for many years.q 他为贫苦大众的权益奋斗多年。 translationn This phenomenon where noble ideals continue to rise up even from the ashes of our own indignities is uniquely American. n 捍卫崇高理想的热情继续高涨,这种热情甚至从我们自己愤怒的灰烬里燃起。而这种现象也只会在美国发生。Para 7n As time continued, many other people came to this country, some for political reasons, some to escape prosecution and persecution, some for economic reasons, and many were forced to come here and be sold as slaves. Soon many different colonies were formed containing people from all parts of the globe, but still the English maintained an oppressive social and economic grip over the colonies. The colonists were an independent lot and there was no way they accepted the Church of England or the aristocratic social structure as something they could embrace.n General idea:n Although many other people came to America and lived in many different colonies, the English still upheld the main control over the colonies.New wordsn maintain a grip over sthq To continue controlling sthq Eg: Despite the spectacular economic and social changes China has undergone in recent times, the party has maintained a tight grip on power and upheld its obscure methods for selecting its top leaders. ( from CNN)q grip , grab, graspn embracen To completely or willingly accept sth such as a new belief, idea, or way of lifen Eg: Young people embrace new concepts more easily than the old.Translation n The colonists were an independent lot and there was no way (that) they