专四形容词副词

1.形容词的句法功能形容词在句中做定语、表语和主语。考生应注意：(1)以 “a” 开头的形容词如alone, alike, asleep, awake等不能做前置定语，可做表语或后置定语。(2)某些以副词词缀 “-ly” 结尾的词是形容词，如friendly, leisurely, lovely等。(3)下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词，注意用做系动词时，要求形容词做表语：remain, keep, become, get, grow, go, come, turn, stay, stand, run, prove, seem, appear, look。例1：（2012年，76题）（2011年，68）（2010年，76）（2007年72，74）（2005,80题）2012年.76. Mercifully,I was able to complete all I had to do within a few days.The underlined part means _. A.efficiently B.surprisingly C.fortunately D.shortly解析： A高效地 B令人吃惊地 C幸而 D很快地2010年76.The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did_. A.absolutely B.accidentally C.accurately D.accordingly解析： C. 本题为副词辨析题。absolutely意为“绝对地，完全地”；accidentally意为“偶然地，意外地”；accurately意为“准确地，精确地”。accordingly意为“照着，相应地”，由句中的and可以看出学生并未不听老师的话，故选C。句意：老师告诉学生们待在教室里，学生照做了。例:2：（2009年，55题） A new laptop costs about _of a second-hand one. A.the price of three times B.three times the price C.as much as the three times price D.three times more than the price解析：英语中表示倍数的句型有以下几种：（1）A is n times as great（long，much，. ）as B.（2）A is n times greater（longer，more，. ）than B.（3）A is n times the size（length，amount，. ）of B. 本题考查的是第三种句型。 例2：（2007年，74题）.Personal computers are no longer something beyond the ordinary people; they are_ available these days. A. promptly B. instantly C. readily D. quickly 正确答案为正确答案为正确答案为正确答案为C). readily快捷地,便利地,无困难地, readily available是固定用法:方便地获得; promptly敏捷地; instantly立即地,即刻地;2.考比较级时，考生应把握(1)形容词和副词比较级的形式是否和比较连词对应出现，即是否符合原级比较及比较级的结构。如：Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often as good as, or better than an actual performance.On the whole, ambitious students are more likely to succeed in their studies than are those with little ambition.(2)比较的成分是否属于同类事物或同类概念。如：The number of registered participants in this years marathon was half that of last years.Young readers, more often than not, find the novels of Dickens far more exciting than Thackerays.(3)比较级的修饰语如 a little, a lot, the, any, even, far, hardly, lots, much, rather，还有表示倍数比较的词等，他们的位置是：修饰语+asas, 或修饰语+morethan。如：Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills seven times more people each year than automobile accidents.“Do you regret paying five hundred dollars for the painting?” “No, I would gladly have paid twice as much for it.”(4)下列词和短语不用比较级形式却表示比较概念：inferior，minor，senior，prior，prefer to，superior，major，junior，preferable，differ from，compared with，in comparison with，different from，rather than。如：Their watch is superior to all the other watches on the market.3.有关比较级的特殊句型(1)not so muchas与其说不如说The chief reason for the population growth isnt so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.(2)no/not any morethan两者一样都不The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain. There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink.(3)no /not any lessthan两者一样都She is no less beautiful than her sister.(4)just asso.正如，也(用倒装结构)Just as the soil is a part of the earth, so is the atmosphere. 形容词层迭修饰时的顺序几个属于不同层次的形容词作修饰语时，其词序一般按下列顺序排列：限定词表示说话人评价的形容词表示大小、形状、年龄新旧的形容词表示颜色的形容词表示国别、地区、出处来源、材料的形容词表示用途，类别或目的的形容词名词中心词。例如：the towns charming old English churcha wellknown German medical schoolthe mans first two interesting little red French oil paintings修饰词的词序例：Whenshegotherfirstmonthsalary,Dianaboughtherself_dress. A。acotton,blueexpensiveB.ablue,expensivecotton C.anexpensiveblue,cottonD.acotton,expensiveblue1.用连字号构成的形容词中的名词一般不用复数形式。Athree-dayjourney=athreedaysjourneyAtwo-hourmeeting=atwohoursmeeting英语专业四级考试中易混形容词1accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的正确的,精确的之意 accurate 准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性correct 正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误delicate 精美、精细的、雅致的exact 确切的、精确的，语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准，而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差。precise 精密的，指具有高度的精确性和准确性，强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带吹毛求疵的贬义。2 different, various, diverse 这些形容词均含“不同的”之意。 different : 普通用词，强调事物间的区别或本质的不同。有时侧重对比，不着重差别。 Different nations have different levels of technology.（不同的国家的科技水平不同。） various : 通常强调种类的数目。 The products we sell are many and various.（我们出售的产品是各式各样的。） diverse : 语气较强，指性质完全不同，着重显著的区别。 Trying to find a single coherent account of events in a country as diverse as Russia is risky.（试图在一个像俄罗斯这样多元化的国家里寻找对重大事件的一致性叙述是危险的。）例：（2010年，79）For the advertised position, the company offers a(an)_salary and benefits package. A.generous B.plentiful C.abundant D.sufficient解析： A. 本题为形容词辨析题。plentiful意为“大量的，丰富的”；abundant意为“丰富的，充裕的”，语气比plentiful强，数量比plentiful多；sufficient意为“足够的”。generous意为“丰富的”，是指larger or more than the usual size or amount”之意，从句意可知，这里是介绍该职位的优厚条件，因此a generous