tiny6410内核移植.doc

Tiny6410 的内核移植（拿来主义） 开发环境宿主机: vista+VMware+ fedoral13(win7下虚拟机)编译器: 友善自带arm-linux-gcc-4.5.1-v6-vfp-20101103.tgz开发板: tiny6410，核心板号1106 NAND 2G RAM 256M注意：移植内核时，确保引导文件为u-boot类型，否则到后面下载到开发板使会出现乱码以及不必要的错误移植nand_flash1 下载linux-2.6.38的源码/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.38.tar.bz22 解压 #tar xvfj /mnt/ubuntu/linux-2.6.38.tar.bz2 -C .3 修改根下的Makefile#vi Makefile191行改为ARCH ?= armCROSS_COMPILE?= arm-linux- (找到其交叉编译环境)4 生成默认配置文件#cp arch/arm/configs/s3c6400_defconfig .config（如果省略的话，后面会找不到System Type）5 修改配置项（基本配置）#make menuconfigGeneral setup-(/usr/4.5.1/bin/arm-linux-) Cross-compiler tool prefix我将编译器解压到了/opt/Friendly/ toolschain/4.5.1/bin目录（如果第三步中以修改“CROSS.complier ? = arm-linux- ”此项，这步可以不作）System Type-* MINI6410 选上，其他的可以去掉，不确定的可以参考友善之臂的（这样编译出来的内核是可以被uboot引导的，然后是增加nand flash支持）vi arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/mach-mini6410.c第117行struct mtd_partition mini6410_nand_part = .name= Bootloader,.offset= 0,.size= (4 * 128 *SZ_1K),.mask_flags= MTD_CAP_NANDFLASH,.name= Kernel,.offset= (4 * 128 *SZ_1K),.size = (5*SZ_1M) ,.mask_flags = MTD_CAP_NANDFLASH,.name= File System,.offset= MTDPART_OFS_APPEND,.size= MTDPART_SIZ_FULL,; /update at 2011-8-26 经过测试发现，这里改完后根本不起作用，甚至将整个注释也无妨，估计分区已经固死在后面的s3c_nand_mlc.fo中6 拷贝NAND FLASH驱动 （将6410内核中的如下文件拷到相应的目录下）需拷贝文件： drivers/mtd/nand/s3c_nand.c arch/arm/plat-samsung/include/plat/regs-nand.h 覆盖掉 drivers/mtd/nand/s3c_nand_mlc.fo s3c_nand_mlc.fo友善没有开源的一个驱动之一，所以不用研究了，拷过来就是了。 drivers/mtd/nand/nand_base.c覆盖掉 当然如果想手动修改的话见附件1 drivers/mtd/nand/Kconfig 覆盖掉 详细请见附件27 drivers/mtd/nand/Makefile中20行增加 obj-$(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_S3C)+= s3c_nand.o末尾再增加S3C_NAND_MLC_SRC = $(shell ls drivers/mtd/nand/s3c_nand_mlc.c 2/dev/null)ifeq ($(S3C_NAND_MLC_SRC),)obj-$(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_S3C)+= s3c_nand_mlc.foelseobj-$(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_S3C)+= s3c_nand_mlc.oendif这步要是不愿意改的话，直接拷贝覆盖即可覆盖掉8 然后再make menuconfigDevice Drivers- Memory Technology Device (MTD) support- * MTD partitioning support* Command line partition table parsing Direct char device access to MTD devices Caching block device access to MTD devices NAND Device Support- NAND Flash support for Samsung S3C SoCs去掉不要选 NAND Flash support for S3C SoC* S3C NAND Hardware ECC9 编译Make如果顺利通过则出现如下信息:OBJCOPY arch/arm/boot/Image Kernel: arch/arm/boot/Image is ready AS arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.o GZIP arch/arm/boot/compressed/piggy.gzip AS arch/arm/boot/compressed/piggy.gzip.o CC arch/arm/boot/compressed/misc.o CC arch/arm/boot/compressed/decompress.o SHIPPED arch/arm/boot/compressed/lib1funcs.S AS arch/arm/boot/compressed/lib1funcs.o LD arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux OBJCOPY arch/arm/boot/zImage Kernel: arch/arm/boot/zImage is ready Building modules, stage 2. MODPOST 16 modules10 下载到开发板Make后生成的内核文件（zimage）在/arch/arm/boot/ 下。将其共享或者通过其他方式放到window下并将开发板与pc连接利用dns工具下载至开发板，按b重起开发板，测试内核是否正确编译、移植。此时可能出现如下问题:usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhidusbhid: USB HID core driverVFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 1 part 20 variant b rev 5drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)VFS: Cannot open root device ubi0:FriendlyARM-root or unknown-block(0,0)Please append a correct root= boot option; here are the available partitions:1f00 4096 mtdblock0 (driver?)1f01 8192 mtdblock1 (driver?)1f02 2084864 mtdblock2 (driver?)Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0) (unwind_backtrace+0x0/0xe4) from (panic+0x50/0x16c) (panic+0x50/0x16c) from (mount_block_root+0x238/0x288) (mount_block_root+0x238/0x288) from (prepare_namespace+0x88/0x1b4) (prepare_namespace+0x88/0x1b4) from (kernel_init+0x108/0x148) (kernel_init+0x108/0x148) from (kernel_thread_exit+0x0/0x8)OK/在此卡住不动了 其中红色部分表示找不着系统文件,因为tiny6410 的系统文件为ubifs格式,所以下面我们要将ubifs系统文件驱动移植到内核中移植UBIFS驱动配置内核支持UBIFSDevice Drivers -Memory Technology Device (MTD) support -UBI - Unsorted block images -Enable UBI配置mtd支持UBI接口File systems -Miscellaneous filesystems -UBIFS file system support 再次Make#make下载到开发板如果成功,如下图:usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhidusbhid: USB HID core driverVFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 1 part 20 variant b rev 5drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)mmc0: mmc_rescan_try_freq: trying to init card at 300000 Hzmmc0: mmc_rescan_try_freq: trying to init card at 200000 HzUBIFS: recovery neededusb 1-1: new full speed USB device using s3c2410-ohci and address 2mmc0: mmc_rescan_try_freq: trying to init card at 100000 HzUBIFS: recovery completedUBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name FriendlyARM-rootUBIFS: file system size: 2061287424 bytes (2012976 KiB, 1965 MiB, 1997 LEBs)UBIFS: journal size: 12517376 bytes (12224 KiB, 11 MiB, 13 LEBs)UBIFS: media format: w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0)UBIFS: default compressor: lzoUBIFS: reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB)VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem) on device 0:10.hwclock: cant open /dev/misc/rtc: No such file or directory01/Jan/1970:00:00:18 +0000 boa.c:173 - unable to create socket: Function not implemented open device leds: No such file or directory/usr/sbin/alsactl: load_state:1610: No soundcards found. ifconfig: socket: Function not implementedTry to bring eth0 interface up.cat: cant open /sys/class/net/eth0/address: No such file or directoryifconfig: socket: Function not implementedroute: socket: Function not implementedDone（此时ifconfig等命令不能用，以及lcd）移植网卡驱动修改的dm9000网卡头文件#vi include/linux/dm9000.h28行增加unsigned char param_addr6;修改dm9000的驱动文件#vi drivers/net/dm9000.c大概1586行将mac_src = platform data;memcpy(ndev-dev_addr, pdata-dev_addr, 6);改成 mac_src = param data; memcpy(ndev-dev_addr, pdata-param_addr, 6);大概1598行增加 if (!is_valid_ether_addr(ndev-dev_addr) & pdata != NULL) mac_src = platform data; memcpy(ndev-dev_addr, pdata-dev_addr, 6); 修改后如下图:if (!is_valid_ether_addr(ndev-dev_addr) & pdata != NULL) /=hai-modified=#if 0mac_src = platform data;memcpy(ndev-dev_addr, pdata-dev_addr, 6);#endif mac_src = param data; memcpy(ndev-dev_addr, pdata-param_addr, 6);/= /=hai-added= if (!is_valid_ether_addr(ndev-dev_addr) & pdata != NULL) mac_src = platform data; memcpy(ndev-dev_addr, pdata-dev_addr, 6); /=再次配置内核#make menuconfig * Networking support - Networking options - Packet socket Unix domain sockets * TCP/IP networking * IP: kernel level autoconfiguration * IP: DHCP support * IP: BOOTP support * IP: RARP support Device Drivers - * Network device support - * Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit) - DM9000 support Ethernet (1000 Mbit) - 去掉执行make编译#make如果顺利便利，结果会有如下信息：OBJCOPY arch/arm/boot/Image Kernel: arch/arm/boot/Image is ready GZIP arch/arm/boot/compressed/piggy.gzip AS arch/arm/boot/compressed/piggy.gzip.o SHIPPED arch/arm/boot/compressed/lib1funcs.S AS arch/arm/boot/compressed/lib1funcs.o LD arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux OBJCOPY arch/arm/boot/zImage Kernel: arch/arm/boot/zImage is ready Building modules, stage 2. MODPOST 26 modules下载到开发板如果成功,如下图:hwclock: cant open /dev/misc/rtc: No such file or directory01/Jan/1970:00:00:18 +0000 boa: server version Boa/0.94.1301/Jan/1970:00:00:18 +0000 boa: server built Dec 30 2010 at 11:18:35.01/Jan/1970:00:00:18 +0000 boa: starting server pid=965, port 80 open device leds: No such file or directory/usr/sbin/alsactl: load_state:1610: No soundcards found. Try to bring eth0 interface up.eth0: link downDone（此时网卡驱动已移植成功）移植lcd屏驱动增加行（如果用vi/gedit命令打不开或出现乱码则可能是解压文件错误，请重新减压）vi arch/arm/plat-samsung/include/plat/map-base.h 第39行增加#define S3C_VA_LCD S3C_ADDR(0x01100000)/* LCD */复制从友善的源码中将arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/include/mach/regs-lcd.h拷贝过来从友善的源码中将drivers/video/samsung整个文件夹拷贝过来复制文件方法：#cp -arf 友善samsung路径 目的samsung路径增加行vi drivers/video/Kconfig第2368行增加source drivers/video/samsung/Kconfigvi drivers/video/Makefile120行增加obj-$(CONFIG_FB_S3C_EXT)+= samsung/vi arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/mach-mini6410.c48行增加#include 191行mini6410_lcd_power_set函数里的内容改成if (power) gpio_direction_output(S3C64XX_GPF(13), 1); /GPF13是USBpower用的，与lcd无关 gpio_direction_output(S3C64XX_GPF(15), 1); /GPF15是是真正的一线控制线连PWM1/* fire nRESET on power up */gpio_direction_output(S3C64XX_GPN(5), 0); /GPN5好像与lcd也无关，先copy吧msleep(10);gpio_direction_output(S3C64XX_GPN(5), 1);msleep(1); else gpio_direction_output(S3C64XX_GPF(15), 0);gpio_direction_output(S3C64XX_GPF(13), 0);190行增加函数-default_bpp = 16, 的后面增加结构体：static struct map_desc mini6410_lcd_iodesc = /* LCD support */ .virtual = (unsigned long)S3C_VA_LCD, .pfn = _phys_to_pfn(S3C_PA_FB), .length = SZ_16K, .type = MT_DEVICE, ,;将mini6410_map_io()这个函数中的一个函数引用改成如下。s3c64xx_init_io(mini6410_lcd_iodesc, ARRAY_SIZE(mini6410_lcd_iodesc);378行增加gpio_request(S3C64XX_GPN(5), LCD power);gpio_request(S3C64XX_GPF(13), LCD power);去掉gpio_request(S3C64XX_GPE(0), LCD power);#make menuconfigPower management options- Power Management support 一定要去掉，不然会有drivers/video/samsung/s3cfb_fimd4x.c:1440:2: error: implicit declaration of function s3c6410_pm_do_save的错误。Device Drivers -Graphics support - Support for frame buffer devices- Samsung S3C framebuffer supportS3CFramebufferSupport (eXtended)Select LCD Type (4.3 inch 480x272 TFT LCD)- Advanced options for S3C FramebufferSelect BPP(Bits Per Pixel) (16 BPP)-(4) Number of Framebuffers（ctrl+Console display driver support- Framebuffer Console support这个也一定要选，不然会有drivers/built-in.o:(.data+0x174): undefined reference to soft_cursor的错误、* Bootup logo- Standard black and white Linux logo Standard 16-color Linux logo* Standard 224-color Linux logo 其他的默认就行这时lcd的驱动其实已经移植好了，引导信息也正常，如S3C_LCD clock got enabled : 133.000 MhzLCD TYPE : N43 will be initializedWindow0 - FB1: map_video_memory: clear ff600000:0007f800FB1: map_video_memory: dma=5d780000 cpu=ff600000 size=0007f800Window0 - FB2: map_video_memory: clear ff63fc00:0003fc00FB2: map_video_memory: dma=5d7bfc00 cpu=ff63fc00 size=0003fc00Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 60x34fb0: s3cfb frame buffer deviceWindow1 - FB1: map_video_memory: clear ff680000:0007f800FB1: map_video_memory: dma=5cc00000 cpu=ff680000 size=0007f800Window1 - FB2: map_video_memory: clear ff6bfc00:0003fc00FB2: map_video_memory: dma=5cc3fc00 cpu=ff6bfc00 size=0003fc00fb1: s3cfb frame buffer deviceWindow2 - FB1: map_video_memory: clear ff700000:0003fc00FB1: map_video_memory: dma=5d740000 cpu=ff700000 size=0003fc00fb2: s3cfb frame buffer deviceWindow3 - FB1: map_video_memory: clear ff740000:0003fc00FB1: map_video_memory: dma=5cc80000 cpu=ff740000 size=0003fc00fb3: s3cfb frame buffer device但lcd屏却没有反应，百思不得其解。后来终于发现了，过程明天在说一线触摸的驱动移植1从友善的配套内核中复制一下文件到新内核的对应文件夹：arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/dev-ts-mini6410.carch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/include/mach/ts.harch/arm/plat-samsung/include/plat/regs-adc.h /覆盖drivers/input/touchscreen/mini6410_1wire_host.cdrivers/input/touchscreen/mini6410-ts.cdrivers/input/touchscreen/ts-if.c到相应目录2修改文件arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/Makefile vi arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/Makefile 末尾增加 obj-$(CONFIG_TOUCHSCREEN_MINI6410)+= dev-ts-mini6410.o3. 修改文件drivers/input/touchscreen/Makefilevi drivers/input/touchscreen/Makefile末尾加入obj-$(CONFIG_TOUCHSCREEN_MINI6410)+= mini6410-ts.oobj-$(CONFIG_TOUCHSCREEN_1WIRE)+= mini6410_1wire_host.oobj-$(CONFIG_FB_S3C_EXT_TFT800480)+= ts-if.oobj-$(CONFIG_FB_S3C_EXT_TFT480272)+= ts-if.oobj-$(CONFIG_FB_S3C_EXT_X240320)+= ts-if.o4. 修改drivers/input/touchscreen/Kconfigvi drivers/input/touchscreen/Kconfig190行左右加入(在190行左右config TOUCHSCREEN_S3C2410的配置项后面加入如下代码（菜单项）：注意！下面有缩进行当最左边的缩进至少需要一个TAB缩进。错误如：rootsyd168 linux-2.6.38.des# make menuconfigscripts/kconfig/mconf Kconfigdrivers/input/touchscreen/Kconfig:204: unknown option modulemake1: * menuconfig Error 1make: * menuconfig Error 2rootsyd168 linux-2.6.38.des# gedit drivers/input/touchscreen/Kconfig#=hai=config TOUCHSCREEN_MINI6410tristate S3C touchscreen driver for Mini6410depends on ARCH_S3C2410 | ARCH_S3C64XX | ARCH_S5P64XX | ARCH_S5PC1XXdefault y help Say Y here to enable the driver for the touchscreen on the FriendlyARM Mini6410 development board. If unsure, say N. To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module will be called mini6410-ts.config TOUCHSCREEN_1WIREtristate Mini6410 1-Wire host and Touch Screen Driverdepends on MACH_MINI6410help Say Y here to enable the 1-Wire host and Touch Screen driver for FriendlyARM Mini6410 development board. If unsure, say N. To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module will be called mini6410_1wire_host.#=修改文件arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/mach-mini6410.c vi arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/mach-mini6410.c44行 将#include 改成#include 320行将static struct s3c2410_ts_mach_info s3c_ts_platform _initdata = .delay= 10000,.presc= 49,.oversampling_shift = 2,;改成static struct s3c_ts_mach_info s3c_ts_platform _initdata = .delay= 0xFFFF,.presc= 0xFF,.oversampling_shift = 2,.resol_bit= 12,.s3c_adc_con= ADC_TYPE_2,;436行将s3c24xx_ts_set_platdata(&s3c_ts_platform);改成 s3c_ts_set_platdata(&s3c_ts_platform);修改文件arch/arm/plat-samsung/Makefilevi arch/arm/plat-samsung/Makefile60行注释掉obj-$(CONFIG_SAMSUNG_DEV_TS) += dev-ts.o不然会有multiple definition of s3c_device_ts的错误很奇怪，友善的源码CONFIG_SAMSUNG_DEV_TS=n，而我的源码出来后CONFIG_SAMSUNG_DEV_TS=y，还改不掉。错误：arch/arm/plat-samsung/built-in.o:(.data+0x1b08): multiple definition of s3c_device_tsarch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/built-in.o:(.data+0x36b8): first defined heremake: * vmlinux.o Error 1修改drivers/input/touchscreen/mini6410-ts.cvi drivers/input/touchscreen/mini6410-ts.c增加头文件#include奇怪的是友善的mini6410-ts.c里没这个头文件也能找到需要的东西。配置内核#make menuconfigDevice Drivers - Input device support- * Touchscreens- S3C touchscreen driver for Mini6410 Mini6410 1-Wire host and Touch Screen Driver .即除了mini6410外，都不选！System Type - AMD6400 A&W6410* MINI6410REAL6410SMDK6410=General setup -*system v IPV支持进程通信 此时就可以进入界面了重新编译内核并测试#make 错误提示arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/built-in.o: In function smdk6410_machine_init:/opt/FriendlyARM/mini6410/linux/kenel/linux-2.6.38.des/arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/mach-smdk6410.c:673: undefined reference to s3c24xx_ts_set_platdataarch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/built-in.o: In function smartq_machine_init:/opt/FriendlyARM/mini6410/linux/kenel/linux-2.6.38.des/arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/mach-smartq.c:387: undefined reference to s3c24xx_ts_set_platdatamake: * .tmp_vmlinux1 Error 1 正确信息如下：OBJCOPY arch/arm/boot/Image Ker