比较级和最高级的用法.doc

Comparatives and Superlatives 比较级和最高级一、形容词比较级和最高级的规则原 级比 较 级最 高 级一般在词尾加-er /或-est /ist/coldcoldercoldestfastfasterfastest以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r 或-st nicenicernicestlargelargerlargest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这个辅音字母；再加-es或-est bigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-esteasyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest在词前加more或mostseriousmore seriousmost seriousinterestingmore interestingMost interesting其它不规则的变化：原形比较级最高级Good/wellbetterbestBad/illworseWorstMany/muchmoreMostlittlelessLeastfarfartherfarthest二、形容词比较级基本用法1、定义：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较”或“更一些”。标志词：than (比） eg: Cats are more lovely than other animals. 2、与than搭配的词语形式 （1）名词/代词 He is older than me.(2) 动名词/从句 Skiing is more exciting than skating. (3) 状语/动词/形容词3、形容词/副词比较级前的修饰语 （1）much/a lot/ a bit/ a little/ slightly She is feeling a lot/much better today. (2) any/ no/ even/ some/ still Do you feel any better today? She is no older than mike. (3) 数词 My sister is ten years younger than me. 4、比较级的特殊搭配1) “比较级+and+比较级”表示 “越来越”eg: He becomes fatter and fatter. 他越来越胖了。2) “The +比较级，the +比较级” 表示 “越，越”eg：The busier he is ,the happier he feels他越忙就越高兴。The more ,the better.3) 表示两者中”较“时，用the + 形容词比较级 + of 短语来表达。eg: He is the taller of the two.4) the more the morehe harder you worker, the greater you will make.5) more B than A = less A than BHe is more lazy than slow at his work= he is less slow than lazy at his work.6) not so much as 与其说不如是7) no/not any more than 两个都不（neither）No/ not any less than8) More than 不仅仅是 Less than 不到No less than 不少于9) more or less 差不多The work is more or less finished.10) As+形容词/副词 原级+as (与一样） not as(so)as （与不一样）中间用原级。eg: The story is as interesting as that one.11) 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语，放在as的前面She can read twice as fast as you do.12)1、比较级与最高级可以转换，意思不变。如： She is taller than any other girl in Class5. She is the tallest girl in Class5.2、当某一事物与其它事物作比较时，被比较事物中不能包括本身。如： Shanghai is larger than any city in Hubei.3、如果比较对象相同，可用 thatthose代替第二个比较对象 。如： The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan. 4、如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词. eg: His shirt is more expensive than mine.三、最高级的用法1、定义：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。表示“最”的意思。2、常见用法：the+最高级+比较范围”结构。 The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.3、标志词：(1) in+大范围,(2) over(3) among(4) of all, of +the+具体的数字 4、特殊用法（1）序数词通常只修饰最高级 Africa is the second largest continent.（2）最高级的意义有时能用比较级表示出来 Mike is the most intelligent in his class.= mike is more intelligent