职称英语C考试指导用书中完型全文(注释版)

第一篇第一篇 A Health Profile 态度 姿态剖面态度 姿态剖面 侧面侧面 外形外形 C 级级 A health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health To draw 获获 得得 your health profile you will need to know what diseases run in your family what health 需要知道需要知道 hazards 冒险冒险 危险危险 冒险冒险 you may be exposed to at work how your daily diet compares to the recommended standards how much time per week you spend exercising and what type of exercise you engage in how stressful your work and family environments are what kinds of illnesses you get regularly and whether or not you have any one of a number of addictions 有何不良嗜好有何不良嗜好 To complete this portrait 类型类型 模型模型 标本标本 you r should have a checkup to determine how 为了完成为了完成 应该进行一次体检应该进行一次体检 your blood heart and lungs are functioning This checkup will serve as a baseline to which you can then compare later tests Once this profile is thoroughly drawn you can begin to think about setting health 完整的描述完整的描述 priorities 优先优先 重点重点 优先权优先权 based on your particular portrait For example if you drink Two martinis every evening have a high stress job are overweight smoke a pack of cigarettes a day and use marijuana occasionally on weekends you should quit smoking first followed by losing the excess weight reducing the stress of your job giving up your marihuana habit and then finally giving some thought to those martinis 马提尼酒马提尼酒 if you want 那么就该想想那么就该想想 to prevent first cancer and then heart disease Even for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life who is in excellent health a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest changes 认真看看自己工作和家庭生活中的全部健康习惯认真看看自己工作和家庭生活中的全部健康习惯 that will benefit him in the future 第二篇第二篇 Making Yourself a Good Record C 级级 If you are an American and you think you might need to borrow money someday the best thing to do is start early That s because just as many employers want to hire only people with experience banks and other creditors are usually reluctant to lend to those without a proven track record paying back on time the money they have borrowed 借贷证明记录借贷证明记录 But if you need experience just to get a start how do you get that stat in the first place With a little help from your parents usually while you are still financially dependent on them It is easy to get a credit card or student loan when you are in college because banks figure your parents will bail you out if you fail to pay 认为认为 如果你无力偿还 会为你支付如果你无力偿还 会为你支付 So just as students take on interships to build up their resumes one s university time can be a good time to work on another important personal record the credit report 开创开创 信贷记录信贷记录 Credit reports are a summary of one s personal credit history gathered by a credit reporting agency or CRA Banks and companies including hospitals landlords and insurance companies regularly report to the three main CRAs in the US on how their customers are doing 定期向 定期向 报告 报告 at paying back the money they owe Anyone with a legitimate business need has the right to order individuals reports 索取个人的报告索取个人的报告 from the CRAs Potential creditors usually compile the information in the reports into a credit score ranking the level of creditworthiness Lack of experience in borrowing in 排列信贷等级排列信贷等级 addition to a bad record of doing so can result in a low score Even if you are not considering taking out a loan for such a large purchase as a home or 贷款大宗购物贷款大宗购物 car your credit report can be important to getting through life Landlords often ask for the reports to judge whether a person can be trusted to pay the rent Credit checks are necessary 信贷审查信贷审查 for getting a credit card even for purchasing a mobile phone calling plan People can obtain a copy of their own credit report usually at a cost of around US 8 9 Some consumer organizations recommend doing this once a year to allow one to catch any mistakes that have slipped into the record or even worse to find out whether any fraud has taken place Though the system is controlled by laws meant to protect people s privacy it isn t fool proof Sometimes people take out bad loans in others names ruining their records In a society addicted to credit that can be a disaster 第三篇第三篇 Pretty Good C 级级 When Spanish football club Barcelona paid US 35 million for Ronaldinho last summer they weren t buying a pretty face I am ugly admits the Brazilian superstar But everyone has got a different kind of beauty What I do have is charm Indeed he has His buck teeth flowing hair big smile and of course his amazing skills 龅牙龅牙 飘垂的头发飘垂的头发 are always eye catching on the pitch The 23 year old striker scored two goals in a 3 2 引人注目的引人注目的 中锋中锋 踢进两球踢进两球 win over Deportivo La Coruna on March 1 It was Barcelona s sixth win in a row and 击败击败 一连六次取胜一连六次取胜 thanks to their Brazilian s 10 goal contribution what looked like a poor season could now 贡献了贡献了 10 个进球个进球 end a success Ronaldinho full name Ronaldo De Assis Moreira is one of many South Americans who learned their skills playing in the backstreets before showing them off on the world stage 展现展现 Great things were expected when Gremio signed 签名签名 于于 署名署名 于于 签署签署 him as a 期待出现奇迹期待出现奇迹 seven year old and he soon became friends with Ronaldo who was then the other young star of Brazilian football It was Ronaldo who first called him Ronaldinho which means Little Ronaldo and the name stuck 大家用这个名字称呼他大家用这个名字称呼他 He first played for his country in 1999 but it was at the 2002 World Cup where he showed his real worth scoring an unbelievable free kick in Brazil s quarter final victory over England 任意球任意球 1 4 比赛中比赛中 I have never failed to deliver in big matches Ronaldinho says My game is based on improvisation 即席创作即席创作 Often a forward does not have the time to decide whether to shoot 前锋前锋 or pass It is instinct that gives out the orders While he may not have David Beckham s good looks Ronaldinho has a playboy reputation 名誉名誉 名声名声 off the pitch 投 投掷 抛 投掷投 投掷 抛 投掷 At former club Paris Saint Germain which sold him to Barcelona he broke club rules by going out and enjoying the city s nightlife 7 Without doubt Ronaldinho is the most difficult player I have ever come across says former PSG coach Luis Ferdandez The main problem for any coach is that one player without discipline can hurt the whole team But Ronaldinho doesn t think he has done anything wrong I am just a young person who enjoys life he says 第四篇第四篇 Where Have All Our Visitors Gone C 级级 Sixty years ago a man named Kenneth Arnold saw something that people are still seeing today something that changed popular culture for ever 这样东西永远地改变了大众文化这样东西永远地改变了大众文化 Flying his plane over mountains in the US state of Washington he saw a line of strange objects either crescent shaped or disc like 月牙形月牙形 碟形碟形 flying with the motion of a saucer skimming on water 以碟子移动方式以碟子移动方式 飞速掠过水面飞速掠过水面 The media soon picked up on the story the Flying Saucers were here Was the earth being visited by creatures from another planet Soon so many sightings were made that 多次出现多次出现 the US military began to investigate It called these strange objects UFOs Unidentified Flying Objects and that is how they are known today Military investigations found no evidence of visitors from outer space But that did not stop the true believers The military were covering up they said Or maybe it was because the travelers from space were of such superior intelligence that they could hide from the most sophisticated military analysts People have always seen strange lights in the sky In the past these were explained in religious ways In a world where religion was less influential and science fiction was 不如以前流行不如以前流行 popular signs from god were replaced by visitors from other planets 上帝的示意上帝的示意 The date of the first UFO signings was also significant In 1947 World War II had just ended and the cold war was just beginning Humanity seemed locked in endless conflicts 人类人类 Like generations before them people looked to the skies for help But instead of seeking God they looked for help from super intelligent aliens with advanced technology Belief in UFOs became the first religion of science 相信外星人是第一次科学迷信相信外星人是第一次科学迷信 However even people who believe in UFOs are not quite sure why they visit the earth The universe is a big place and it is reasonable to assume that there is life somewhere out there It is possible that aliens have worked out how to travel through space 穿越宇宙穿越宇宙 Yet some people report that they have been taken by aliens and have had experiments performed on them Why would anyone travel across half the 拿他们做实验拿他们做实验 universe to conduct medical experiments on people living in small towns in the United States 第五篇第五篇 Why People Use Pseudonyms You can t choose the name you are given at birth but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood Of course most people never change their names even if they feel unhappy about them However some people do take this course of action 付诸行动付诸行动 particularly artists What makes an artist want to change their name Sometimes it s for purely personal reasons such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile Neftali Reyes He didn t want his father to know he was writing poetry so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man At other times the reason may appear eccentric take the 有时有时 case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa who wrote under 75 different names The reason When I use a different name I always write in a different way he explained In most cases however the reason is for social historical political or cultural reasons Here are some of the most common 以下是些最常见的情况以下是些最常见的情况 The person s real name is just too long and difficult to remember Let s be honest 老实说老实说 Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as easy to remember as just plain Madonna And short names are much easier to remember William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele Sometimes names are changed for marketing purposes For example if a name sounds too foreign it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a market So in the film world Ramdn Estevez adopted the name Martin Sheen Or maybe the artist s real name doesn t sound very attractive Chad Everett does sound a lot better than Raymond Cramton Artists sometimes choose the name of someone they admire Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet Dylan Thomas Another reason may be practicality in the past women found it very difficult to get published To avoid this situation they sometimes gave themselves men s names so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot and she did get her books published 第六篇第六篇 Reform on the Road C 级级 Will the reform on the use of government cars really reduce office expenditure on this count There are no reports indicating such an outcome although some local governments have moved in that direction Hangzhou government launched its reform last month Officials below the level of deputy bureau chief cannot use official trips for business trips 副局级以下官员副局级以下官员 Instead they get subsidies between 300 and 2 600 yuan a month according to their administrative rank This reform is supposed to save the government the money involving in maintaining a large number of cars 让政府节省大量维护车辆的费用让政府节省大量维护车辆的费用 Hangzhou in east China Zhejiang province is not the first to attempt such a reform Nanjing capital of the neighboring Jiangsu province did so five years ago Yet there is no report available of how much money the Nanjing government has saved by these measures All that we know about is the fact that government officials get monthly subsidies for business trips The public have a right to asking for transparency on the results of such reform because it is taxpayers money that is being spent Transparency is needed because people are skeptical about policy makers making policy against their own interests Obviously the subsidies are not based on work needs Lower level officials usually travel more than high ranking officials Therefore the impact of reform appears to be diluted 因此 这项改革的作用似乎很小因此 这项改革的作用似乎很小 Transparency alone can tell us whether the reform measures have indeed reduced government transport expenditure If there is no disclosure of amounts saved by the reform the public may have reason to suspect that the reform is actually a poly to increase the income of officials in the form of a transport subsidy 车补的形式车补的形式 The way government cars are used needs to be reformed The government spending on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008 and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year A study of ancient Chinese dynasties shows that the more reforms of the tax system the heavier the taxes eventually levied on subjects The only way to prevent this vicious cycles from happening with government car reform today is for the higher authorities to have a strict and transparent audit of local finance 第七篇第七篇 Water C 级级 From the beginning water has furnished man with a source of food and a highway to travel upon The first civilizations arose where Water was a dominant element in the environment a challenge to man s ingenuity The Egyptians invented the 365 day calendar in response to the Nile s annual flooding The Babylonians who were among the most famous law makers in ancient times invented laws regulating water usage Water inspired the Chinese to build a 1 000 mile canal a complex system which after nearly 2 500 years remains still practically in use and still commands the astonishment of engineers But the ancients never found complete solutions to their water problems The Yellow River is also known as China s Sorrow it is so unpredictable and dangerous that in a single flood it has caused a million deaths Floods slowed the great civilization of the Indus River Valley and inadequate drainage ruined much of its land Today water dominates man as it always has done Its presence continues to govern the location of his homes and cities its violent variability can kill man or his herds or his crops its routes links him to his fellows 它的航线把人们联系起来它的航线把人们联系起来 its immense value may add to already dangerous political conflicts There are many examples of this in our own time 在我们这个时代在我们这个时代 第八篇第八篇 An Early Form of Jazz Music C 级级 Music comes in many forms most countries have a style of their own At the turn of the last century when jazz was born America had no prominent music of its 上世纪之初上世纪之初 own No one knows exactly when it was invented or by whom But it began to be heard in the 开始被欣赏开始被欣赏 early 1890s Jazz is America s contribution to popular music In contrast to classical music which follows formal European traditions jazz is spontaneous 与遵循欧洲传统的古典音乐相比与遵循欧洲传统的古典音乐相比 and free in form It bubbles with energy expressing the moods interests and emotions of 充满活力充满活力 the people In the 1920s jazz sounded like America And so it does today The origins of the 在二十世纪二十年代爵士乐成为具有显著美国特色的音乐在二十世纪二十年代爵士乐成为具有显著美国特色的音乐 music are as interesting as the music itself American Negroes or blacks as they are called today were the jazz pioneers They were brought to the Southern states as slaves They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long hours When a Negro died his friends and relatives formed a procession to carry the body to the cemetery In New Orleans a band often accompanied the procession On the way to the cemetery the band played slow solemn music suited to the occasion But on the way home the mood changed Spirits lifted Death had removed one of their number but the living were glad to be alive The band 死亡带走了他们中的一员死亡带走了他们中的一员 played happy music improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes played at the funeral 即兴地改编着葬礼上演奏的那些和谐 优美的曲调即兴地改编着葬礼上演奏的那些和谐 优美的曲调 This music made everyone want to dance It was an early form of jazz 第九篇第九篇 Freezing to Death for Beauty C 级级 People in Beijing wear a lot of clothing during winter to fend off the cold In the United States however people wear less partly because the car is the primary mode of transportation Cars take them straight to their workplaces which are heated well The American diet is full of calories so their bodies can afford to burn heat more quickly Fewer layers of clothing give people the opportunity to stay fashionable Lots of Yale 轻便的衣服轻便的衣服 girls wear skirts even when it s 10 degrees Centigrade outside Some of them at least wear boots tights and leg warmers Some however really just go for the look at the risk of health 选择漂亮选择漂亮 These girls have nothing to prevent their legs against the wind and no socks to protect their feet A mini skirt and a pair of stilettos are all that they wear Typically the ones pursuing fashion are skinny with little body fat Just by the nature of their bodies they are already at a disadvantage compared with normal 仅看她们的体质仅看她们的体质 people in cold weather I have always wondered whenever I pass these girls how they manage to refrain from shivering and just smile like spring had arrived And then there are the guys The girls can be said to sacrifice health for beauty But why 男孩也这样男孩也这样 do guys wear so little It is not like once they shed some layers they suddenly become better looking 好像并不是 他们穿得少了 就突然变得更好看了好像并不是 他们穿得少了 就突然变得更好看了 They are not exactly being fashionable when they only wear sporty shorts and 并不显得更时髦并不显得更时髦 shower slippers in the midst of winter It s not cute 不讨人喜欢不讨人喜欢 Of course people have the freedom to look whatever way they want I am just surprised that given the vast difference between winter and summer temperatures in Connecticut they can still look like they are partying on the beach in the middle of February 第十篇第十篇 The Ideal Husband C 级级 Science now might be able to explain women s fascination with Brad Pitt s face and George Clooney s eyes Women seem to judge potential mate 选择配偶选择配偶 by how masculine their features are 根据男性特征的情况根据男性特征的情况 new research shows Men with square jaws and well defined brow ridges are seen as good short term partners while those with more feminine traits such as a rounder face and fuller lips are perceived as better long t