虚拟语气复习.doc

虚拟语气复习教学设计 江苏省海门中学 东雪珍课型：高三一轮复习教学内容：虚拟语气用法复习教学目标：学生掌握主要虚拟语气考点、提高单项选择题解题能力，同时提升阅读、写作能力。教学步骤：一、导入：以残奥会滑雪冠军Chris Waddell的演讲导入虚拟语气，在真实的语境中呈现虚拟语气。A couple of years ago, I spent a lot of time in Tibet; I eventually went home. One day I went to check my mail. On the way there I met a little girl, who was about six. She asked me, What happened to your legs? I told her that I was a ski racer here. Once I skied with my friends. When taking a couple of training runs, I fell and broke two vertebrae(椎骨). She replied, So youll never walk again? And I said, No, probably not! Then she left and said, Thats too bad. I wish that I had stopped her because if I had never had my accident, I never would have been the best in the world at anything. I wouldnt have turned a hobby into a profession. I dont think I would have had the courage to get up in front of you and talk. I wouldnt have acted in a soap opera, and I wouldnt have met presidents and heads of states. But, all that little girl saw was the tragedy; she didnt see the potential gift. -Chris Waddell Champion paralympic（残奥会）skier二、考点回顾（讲练结合，以单选为主，配有变式练习，如翻译、句型转换、填空等）（一） 虚拟语气在条件句中的运用 让学生回忆语法规则，然后呈现以下表格类别从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式过去had donewould/could/should/might have done现在were/didwould/could/should/might do将来were to/did/should dowould/could/should/might do 【即时练习】1) _ the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily.A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for2) We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _us a ride home. (天津卷) A. didnt offerB. wouldnt offer C. hasnt offeredD. hadnt offered3) Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. （湖南卷）A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had4) If my car _more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. （陕西卷）A. was B. had beenC. should be D. would be (keys: DDDB)注意点：1. if的省略 Were the train to arrive late, what should we do? If the train were to arrive lateHad you got here five minutes earlier, you would have caught sight of the film star.If you had gotShould the world end tomorrow, I would do nothing today.If the world should end tomorrow用法点拨：在If 引导的虚拟条件句中省略if时，只需把从句中的had, should或were置于句首，主句不变。【即时练习】1) _ he driven more carefully, the accident could have been avoided yesterday. A. Were B. Had C. Have D. Would have2) Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often. (安徽卷) A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. were to live3) _ (万一你被解雇的话), I will pay you ten thousand. (Keys: BD Should you be fired/If you should be fired/Were you to be fired/If you were to be fired)提醒：当条件从句使用“should +动词原形”这样的谓语时， 主句也可用陈述语气或祈使句。e.g. Should a fire occur, stay calm!2.含蓄条件句 翻译：如果没有自然灾害，人会生活得更幸福。If there were no natural disasters, human beings would live a happier life.Without/But for natural disasters, human beings would live a happier life.用法点拨：虚拟语气的含蓄可以通过一些词或短语体现，如：with, without, or, otherwise, but for等。【即时练习】1) We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. （2011江西卷28） A. will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put2) He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. came B. had come C. would come D. would have comeIf he had not been busy yesterday, he would have come to the meeting.3) We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday. (福建卷) A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited4) I _ through that bitter period without your generous help. (陕西卷) A. couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone(keys: DDDA)3. 混合虚拟语气从句与主句动作发生的时间不同。此时，需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。如： If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now. 用法点拨：从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反If I were you, I would not have stayed up late last night.用法点拨：从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反【即时练习】1) Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. （北京卷） A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying2) Its hard to imagine what life _ (be) like today if there had not been advanced technologies.(keys: C, would be)（二）虚拟语气在名词性句中的运用 以两道例题以及两道变式练习题呈现虚拟语气在主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句的用法：1) The school recommends parents _their children to swim in rivers during summer holidays.A. not permit B. do not permit C. mustnt permit D. couldnt permit _ _ _ that parents not permit their children2) 王先生提出建议，每年多种一些树。 Mr Wang put forward a suggestion that_. The suggestion put forward by Mr Wang was that _.(keys: 1) A, It is recommended 2) more trees should be planted every year【即时练习】具体用法复习:1. 虚拟语气在主语句中的运用1) Itissuggested / ordered/ recommended/ requested / required/ desired/ insisted/ proposed that .句型中用“(should)do”表示建议、命令或请求等。 有人提议更多的学生应该上大学。 It is proposed that more students (should) go to university.2) Itisimportant/ necessary/strange/natural that3) It is a pity/a shame that .句型中用“(should)动词原形”表示虚拟语气。e.g. Its necessary that a student (should) have good manners. It is a pity that the teacher should miss such a good opportunity.比较：Its a pity that you missed the beginning of the film.2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用1)用于表示建议、命令、要求、愿望等词后的宾语从句中，其虚拟语气的结构为“should动词原形”，should可省略。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即insist, order/command, advise/suggest/propose, demand, require, request, desire比较：当suggest表示“暗示，表明”、insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，后接的宾语从句中应当用陈述语气。翻译下列句子：他的沉默表明他同意我的决定。 His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.他坚持说他没有偷钱。 He insisted that he hadnt stolen the money.2) wish后接宾语从句用括号中动词的适当形式填空：I wish I _(be) as strong as you. I wish you _(go) with us tomorrow. I wish I _(tell) him the way to the supermarket just now. （were, would go/went, had told）用法点拨：wish后的宾语从句，用一般过去式表示与现在事实相反，用had done表示与过去事实相反，用would do表示与将来事实相反。3) would rather后接从句改错：I would rather you would come tomorrow.I would rather you came tomorrow.用括号中动词的适当形式填空：I would rather you _(do) it right now. I would rather you _ (do) the housework yesterday. (did, had done)用法点拨：would rather后接从句时，用过去式表示与现在/ 将来事实相反，用had done表示与过去事实相反。【即时练习】Gorge is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _more on its culture. (江苏) A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused(B)3. 虚拟语气在同位语、表语从句中的运用在与suggestion, proposal, order, request, advice, demand等词有关的表语从句、同位语从句中用“(should)动词原形”表示虚拟语气。如： My advice is that you should practise speaking English as often as possible. The request that they should get more is reasonable.【即时练习】My suggestion is that you much meat.A. wouldnt takeB. shall not takeC. not haveD. wont have(C )(三) 虚拟语气的几种特殊情况1. if only 若是.那该多好啊; 真希望.; 只要.就好 If only I had arrived in time! If only she didnt drive so fast.2. 在as if /as though从句中 It looked as if she were made of ice. She talks as though she had been to the moon by herself.特别提醒：as if后接从句也可用陈述语气。e.g. It looks as if it is going to rain.3. Its (high/right) time that that 从句中用虚拟语气：谓语用过去时或should + 动词原形”(其中should不能省略)。It is (high) time that the teacher put an end to this discussion.It is (high) time that we should start out.【即时练习】1) -This is the first time I _my first picture with my own hands. -Its time that you _a picture for me. A. took; took B. have taken; took C. took; will take D. will take; have taken2. You understand not only what the rule says but what it means, as if you yourself _it. A. make B. made C. have made D. had made(BD)三、巩固练习1. 单项选择：1) Mary insisted that her advice _ correct and that it _ taken right away. A. was; be B. was; must be C. be; should be D. be; would be2) I didnt attend the lecture yesterday. I _, either, if my mother hadnt reminded me. A. wouldnt B. wouldnt have C. didntD. hadnt3) The order came that the medical supplies _ to Beijing for the H7N9 flu soon.A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent4) It was the drug, not the disease, that killed the boy. He would be still alive today if he _ that drug. A. not take B. shouldnt have taken C. didnt take D. hadnt taken5) If Rose _ her diamond in a safer place, it _ stolen. A. had put; might not have been B. had put; could be C. had put; might be D. had not put; could not have been6) But for their help, we _ the program in time. A. can not finishB. will not finish C. had not finishedD. could not have finished7) Its really a pity that I didnt see you in Shanghai. - I _ to see you in the hotel, but I was too busy.A. hope B. had hoped C. hoped D. am hoping 8) _ it rain, the crops would be saved. A. WillB. ShouldC. WouldD. Could(Keys: ABCDADBB)2. 阅读理解1)阅读并选择正确答案 Had U.S Airways Captain Chesley Sullenberger not guided his jet to a safe landing on the Hudson River, just west of New York City, more than 100 people on the plane might have died, along with many more on the ground.What do we know about the Miracle on the Hudson?A. The plane crashed to the ground.B. About 100 people died in the incident.C. The captain handled the situation masterfully.D. The plane took off from John F. Kennedy Airport. (C )2) Put the following sentence into Chinese. Simple solutions such as allowing grass around the runways to grow several inches higher can keep away flocks of geese that would otherwise be drawn to the short grass. 简单的方法如让跑道周围的草长高几英寸就能赶走天鹅群，而如果草低矮一些的话，这些天鹅就会被吸引过来。 四、名言 （含虚拟语气）通过记名言学语法。If there were no clouds, we would not enjoy the sun.-Alfred Tennyson. (阿尔弗雷德 .丁尼生） 不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。Life would be too smooth if it had no rubs（困难）in it. Without a purpose nothing should be done.Will you look back on life and say, I wish I had or Im glad I did?3. 写作：If I ruled the w