2020版新高考英语一轮复习Unit21HumanBiology教学案北师大版选修7.docx

Unit 21 Human Biology三言两语1.In our home office，anyone caught doing something harmful to the environment might be punished.2Its impossible for him to pass the driving test this time.3It seems such a pity that you should have to spend the day at the hotel.1.作为学生，我们应当通过努力学习而非考试作弊来取得好成绩。As students，we should try to get good results by studying hard rather_than_cheating_in_exams.2据说他们已研发了一种新的教学方法，这种方法注定会大大提高课堂效果。They are_said_to_have_developed a new approach to teaching which is bound to improve classroom teaching greatly. 单词拼写应用核心单词1abuse vt.滥用2tolerate vt.容忍3postpone vt.推迟，延期4prohibit vt.禁止5foresee vt.预见6underline vt.表明重要性；强调7temporary adj.临时的；短暂的8circumstance n情形，情况 9seek vt.寻找10decline vi.下降11digest vi.消化；理解12doubtful adj.可疑的；不肯定的13oppose vt.反对；对抗14urban adj.城市的；市区的15unite vi.团结；联合；统一16pause n暂停；停顿17routine n. 日常工作；常规18thorough adj.彻底的；细致的19faith n. 信心 20fortune n. 大笔财产，巨款21submit vt.提交，递交22concern n. 担心；担忧语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1Certain occupations have_declined(decline) overall in recent years.2The game has been postponed(postpone) three times.3They were accused of abusing (abuse) their power to keep prices artificially high.4He seems to be in easy circumstances(circumstance) since he had his pay increase.5Had we foreseen(foresee) that，we would not have let him go.6They sought(seek)in vain for somewhere to shelter.拓展单词1rob vt.使丧失；抢劫robber n强盗robbery n盗窃2oppose vt.反对opposition n反方；对立面opposite adj.相反的；对面的opposed adj.反对的3violate vt.违反；违背violent adj.猛烈的violence n暴力4faith n信心faithful adj.忠诚的；忠实的faithfully adv.忠诚地5equip vt.使有准备equipment n设备；装备6fortune n大笔钱财，巨款；运气fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地7extend v延长extension n延期8concern n担心；担忧concerned adj.关心的；担忧的concerning prep.关于；有关语境运用用所给词的适当形式或所给提示填空。1We are very concerned about our companys plans concerning the new position.(concern)2I was very fortunate to see this，but in a way I created this fortune as I was always out there.(fortune) 3In order to equip the medical equipment reasonably，the rent center was founded in our hospital in 2002.(equip) 4This faith made them faithful to carry out the instructions.(faith)5A child growing up in a violent environment learns violence and may act violently towards his own children.(violent)6Import license is only allowed to extend once and the extension is no more than 3 months.(extend) 7The students living far away from the school were strongly opposed to the plan.Their opposition prevented the plan from being carried out.(oppose)8Several robbers robbed the bank of an enormous sum of money，making the largest robbery of this city in the last decade.But they were soon caught by the police.(rob)阅读单词1circulate vt.循环2mineral n矿物3supreme adj.最高的，极度的4compulsory adj.强制性的；义务的5violate vt.违反，违背6privileged adj.荣幸的7cater vi.满足，迎合8ample adj.充足的，充裕的9storage n储存10statistics n统计资料；统计数字11symptom n. 症状 12terminal adj. 致命的；晚期的_13minimum n. 最低，最小 14deadline n截止日期，最后日期1(江苏卷).，the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.以牺牲为代价2He paused，waiting for her to digest the information.领悟The organization publishes a regular digest of environmental statisics.文摘，摘要3We had to decline the invitation to visit our friends in another day.谢绝短语多维应用高频短语1.wipe_out彻底毁灭2at_random随便地，随意地3at_all_costs不管多大代价，无论如何4cater_to满足；迎合5straight_away立刻，马上6miss_out遗漏，遗忘；错过机会7focus_on聚焦；集中；对准语境运用选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。As a singer，he wont cater_to the listeners.He only focuses_on his true feelings，so he wont write and sing songs at_random.Because of this，he may miss_out many good chances of making money.But he will stick to it at_all_costs.8.clear_up整理；解释；澄清9in_despair绝望10be_responsible_for对负责任11get_down_to开始做12at_any_rate无论如何；至少13bring_up教育；抚养；呕吐14stop_sth.in_its_track终止；消灭语境运用选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。My good friend Mary didnt get through the College Entrance Examination，which made her and her disabled parents in_despair.She knew it was not easy for her parents to bring her up.So she would get_down_to going over her lessons.She told me she should be_responsible_for not only herself but also her parents.句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.不定式作主语It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.他不可能解除契约对自己的束缚。It_is_impossible_for_him to get off the contract.2.rather than 而不是，与其不如The Olympic spiritthe spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winninghas been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.大多数人愿意买房子而不愿意租房子。Most people prefer_to_buy their own homes rather_than rent them.3.sb./sth.be believed to.Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，with a tendency to strike the young and fit rather than the old，the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most acute epidemic in history.据说这本书已译成了几种语言。The book is said to_have_been_translated into several languages.1postpone vt.推迟；延期 postpone sth.推迟某事物；使某事物推迟postpone doing sth.推迟做某事be postponed for.(时间)被推迟了postpone sth.to/until.推迟到postpone the meeting to next week会议延期至下星期postpone making a decision 推迟做决定基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Our school has decided to postpone holding (hold) the sports meeting because of the heavy rain.The match was postponed to the following Saturday because of bad weather.Lets postpone to make a decision until we have more information.to_makemaking链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)I shall put off making a decision till I learn full particulars.(高级表达)I shall postpone_making_a_decision till I learn full particulars.2oppose vt. & vi.反对；反抗 (1)oppose doing sth.反对做某事oppose sbs doing sth.反对某人做某事(2)opposed adj. 相反的；对立的be opposed to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事；与(做)某事对立oppose the plan 反对这个计划oppose playing computer games 反对打电脑游戏基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Most Americans were opposed to Syria war.I have been consistently opposed to feeding(feed) a baby regularly.She is very much opposed to your going(go) abroad.All the members present opposed to change the law.to_changechanging链接写作一句多译我反对星期天购物，因为太拥挤了。I oppose_going_shopping on Sundays for it is too crowded. (oppose)I am_opposed_to_going_shopping on Sundays for it is too crowded.(opposed)I object_to_going_shopping on Sundays for it is too crowded. (object)I am_against_going_shopping on Sundays for it is too crowded. (against)3prohibit vt.禁止，阻止 (1)prohibit (doing) sth.禁止(做)某事(2)禁止某人做某事prohibit smoking 禁止吸烟prohibit visitors from feeding the animals 禁止游客投喂动物基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错We are prohibited from drinking(drink) during working hours.Smoking is_prohibited(prohibit) in the office building.His small size prohibits him becoming(become) a policeman.It is wise to prohibit students playing with smartphones.playing前加from链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)Some people think that its necessary to prevent/stop/ keep people from using mobile phones in some places.(高级表达)Some people think that its necessary to prohibit_ peoples_using mobile phones in some places.(高级表达)Some people think that its necessary to prohibit_ people_from_using mobile phones in some places.4tolerate vt.容忍，忍受 (1)tolerate (doing) sth.容忍(做)某事(2)tolerance n容忍；宽容have no tolerance of/for sb./sth.不能容忍某人/某事物(3)tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的be tolerant of/towards sb./sth.忍受、宽容某人/某事tolerate others 容忍别人cant tolerate being scolded 不能容忍被责怪基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错The school cannot tolerate cheating(cheat) in exams.She had no tolerance for jokes of any kind.Perhaps you need to be more tolerant with your neighbors. withto/towards链接写作一句多译我不能容忍被嘲笑。I cant tolerate_being_made_fun_of.(tolerate)I cant bear/stand_being_made_fun_of.(bear/stand)I cant put_up_with_being_made_fun_of.(put up with)5.submit vt. 提交；递交 vi. & vt.服从，屈服 submit.to.把提交给；向提出submit sb./oneself to使某人/自己甘受，服从submit to服从于，屈服于submit an application 呈递申请书submit to questioning 接受询问基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错He submitted the report on the matter to the committee.Well submit ourselves(us) to the courts judgement.I submit that the terms are entirely unreasonable.We rejected his submission(submit) that this be done at once.He submitted him to a search by the guards.himhimself链接写作完成句子学生必须服从学校的纪律。The students must submit_themselves_to the disciplines at school.6seek (sought，sought) vt. 寻找，寻求；追求；探求；探索；试图 seek sth.from sb.向某人请求/寻求某物seek after/for sb.(sth.)寻求某人(某物)seek ones fortune寻找成功(致富)的机会seek out 找出；寻出seek to do sth.试图做某事seek advice 征求意见seek for a missing pen 寻找丢失的钢笔seek after the ideal 追求理想基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错We are seeking to_attain(attain) the most advanced technology level in the world.Why do modern people seek after material possessions? The couple have sought help for marriage guidance counsellors. forfrom链接写作完成句子他早年到外国去闯天下。In early youth he went to seek_his_fortune_in_a_foreign_country.7equip vt. 装备，配备 (1)equip sb./sth.to do sth.使某人/某物具备条件做某事equip sb./sth.with sth.用某物装备某人/某物equip for.为做准备be equipped with 配备有(表示状态)(2)equipment n装备；器材；装置well equipped 装备优良equip sb.for a job 使某人具备做某项工作的条件equip the workshop with modern machines 用现代化机器来装备车间基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错They are equipping themselves for a journey.Please equip yourself with a pencil and a rubber for the exam.A firstaid kit is a necessary piece of equipment(equip) for people when traveling.We provide 2person tents and basic cooking and camping equipments.equipmentsequipment链接写作完成句子为了保持双脚干爽舒适，这种新的鞋子配有微型风扇。To keep the feet dry and comfortable，this new kind of shoes is_equipped_with a microfan.8decline vi. &vt.下降；衰退；谢绝 n. 下降；衰退 (1)decline to do sth.婉拒做某事decline in/of sth.在某方面减少/下降(2)on the decline走下坡路；在衰退中fall/go into (a) decline 开始衰落，陷入衰退decline by 10% 减少了10% decline with thanks 婉言谢绝a sharp decline in population 人口急剧下降基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错I didnt know why the boy declined to_answer (answer) a question.There has been a sharp decline in/of profits this year.The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10 percent last month.The number of people who run the red light has been in the decline since the new traffic regulations came into effect.inon链接写作完成句子不过互联网并非是旅游指南走下坡路的唯一原因。But the Internet is not the only reason that guidebooks are_in_decline.(decline n)9fortune n财产；大笔钱；机会；运气 (1)make a fortune 发财by good/bad fortune 幸运/不幸地have good/bad fortune to do.有幸/不幸做(2)be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.在方面运气好try ones fortune 碰运气seek ones fortune 外出寻找发财的机会基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Fortunately(fortune) the rain stopped before we started.You are fortunate_(fortune)to have such a reasonable father.Central London is fortunate in have so many large parks and open spaces.havehaving链接写作完成句子你不努力，机遇是不会来的。If you dont work hard，no_fortune_will_come.10at any rate 无论如何；不管怎样；反正，至少 at this/that rate照此情形；如此下去at the/a rate of以的速度或比率；以的价格at a high rate 以高价a high rate of unemployment 高失业率基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错We may miss the next bus，but at any rate well get home on time.At this/that rate，we will soon be bankrupt.Our money was running out in an alarming rate.inat链接写作完成句子世界能源的需求量正以每年百分之三的速度递增。World energy demand is increasing at_a_rate_of_about_3%_ per_year.(at a rate of)11wipe out 彻底毁灭；全部摧毁 wipe away 擦去；揩去；消除wipe off 擦掉；除掉wipe up 擦干，擦掉(落下的某物或溅出的液体等)wipe sth.down/wipe down sth.(用湿布)彻底擦干净基础练习单句语法填空The dirt on the floor is not easy to wipe away.Would you please wipe the dust off the table?链接写作完成句子你最好把地板上的牛奶擦干净，免得滑倒人。Youd better wipe_up_the_milk on the floor before someone slips in it.(wipe up)12at all costs 不惜代价地，无论如何 (1)at the cost/expense of.丧失，牺牲；以为代价at a cost of.以的费用/价格at any cost以任何代价(2)cost sb.sth.花某人，使某人付出/丧失基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Dont give in to their demands at the cost of your own.He bought a computer at a cost of 5,000 yuan.This is the lowest price.We are selling at cost already.I tell you in good faith that I want to get this set of stamps at any costs.costscost链接写作完成句子这项工作是如此重要，以至于我们必须不惜一切代价按时完成。The work is so important that we_must_finish_it_on_time_at_ all_costs.13(教材P34)_It_is_compulsory_for_winners_to_be_tested but other participants are only tested at random.获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随意地检查。 句法句式for winners to be tested为动词不定式作主语。winners是不定式to be tested的逻辑主语，winners与test之间为被动关系，因此，使用不定式的被动形式。不定式的被动形式为“to be过去分词”，表示其逻辑主语是动作的承受者，具有被动含义。在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语或补语等。在下列结构中，虽为被动意义，却应使用主动结构：(1)在“主语be easy/difficult/interesting/heavy/nice/fitto do sth.”结构中。(2)在find/make/feel/think/suppose/expect宾语宾补to do sth.结构中。(3)在“疑问代词不定式”的结构中。金句推送(2019全国卷) .its impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.当谈论流行时装时，不可能不谈及作为主要角色的中国。基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错It was impossible for lost time to_be_made(make) up.The man is easy to_deal(deal) with.I dont know what to_do(do)Nowadays its important of us students to master a foreign language.offor链接写作完成句子这个句子很容易翻译。It is an easy sentence to_translate.14(教材P34)The Olympic spiritthe spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather_than winninghas been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。 句法句式rather than为并列连词，意为“而不是，与其不如”，这一表达方式通常用在平行结构中，连接相同的句子成分，即rather than前后两部分在成分和形式上应当一致。常用句型名师点津rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的词在人称和数上保持一致。金句推送(2018江苏卷)When a darkcolored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one，customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.当一个黑色的蛋糕而不是白色的放在黑色的盘子上，顾客认为更甜更美味可口。基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错She preferred to_stay(stay) at home rather than go shopping with him.Mary，rather than you，is(be) to blame for not finishing the work on time.If you are one of them，I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than plaincomplaining链接写作一句多译我宁愿去打篮球也不愿去钓鱼。I prefer_to_play_basketball_rather_than_go_fishing.(prefer to do.rather than do)I would_play_basketball_rather_than_go_fishing.(would do.rather than do)I would_rather_play_basketball_than_go_fishing.(would rather do.than do)多维训练夯实基础维度1用所给词的正确形式填空1Fortunately(fortunate)，the weather of that winter was reasonably mild.2He declined to_give(give) any information on the Presidential election.3Completed projects must be_submitted(submit) by 10 March.4Nobody can tolerate being_cheated(cheat)，and thats why he has no friend.5Equipped(equip) with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.维度2在空白处填入一个适当的词1He bought fame at the cost of health and happiness.2Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops.3It is necessary for us to examine the papers before handing them in.4We cant submit to the fate.Instead，we should take a positive attitude to the present situation.5He bought the sweater at a cost of 80 yuan，and it was a real bargain.维度3查缺补漏1In my opinion，we should have our eyes examined (examine) once a year.2She insisted that she had remained faithful (faith) to her husband.3He rebuilt(rebuild) the engine using parts from cars that had been scrapped.4She saved him from being_drowned (drown)，but only at the cost of her own life.5Look！The store is_being_rebuilt (rebuild)语篇练习提升能力提能一单元话题语篇练根据教材课文P34内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Athletic performances have 1.continually (continue) improved since the first Olympic Games.However，improvements 2.have_begun (begin) to slow down recently.While 3.talking (talk) about breaking r