高英6复习资料.doc

Paraphrase &TranslationUnit 11. Nothing in life is more exciting and rewarding than the sudden flash of light that leaves you a changed person-not only changed, but changed for the better.The most inspiring and gratifying fact of life is the unexpected spark of enlightenment that makes you different and a better person than before.2. He came across the street, finally, muffled in his ancient overcoat, shapeless felt hat pulled down over his bald head, looking more like an energetic gnome than an eminent psychiatrist.At last he walked over from the other side of the street, wrapped in his old-fashioned overcoat, his bald head covered by a shapeless felt hat. He looked like a dwarfish old man full of energy rather than a well-known psychiatrist.3. The woman who spoke next had never married because of a sense of obligation to her widowed mother; she recalled bitterly all the marital chances she had let go by.The next speaker on the tape was a woman who had remained single because she thought she was obliged to take care of her mother who was a widow. She still remembered and told others miserably about all the chances of marriage she had missed.4. In the end, if you let it become a habit, it can become a real roadblock, an excuse for not trying any more.Eventually, if you form a habit of saying “if only”, the phrase can really turn to an obstruction, providing you with an excuse for giving up trying anything at all.5. . you never got out of the past tense. Not once did you mention the future.you are always thinking of the past, regretting and lamenting. You did not look forward to what you can do in the future at all.6. My, my, said the Old Man slyly. If only we had come down ten seconds sooner, wed have caught that cab, wouldnt we?The Old Man said to me trickily, using the phrase “if only” on purpose, “If only wed got here ten seconds earlier, wed have caught the cab.” I laughed and understood what he meant. So I followed his advice and said, “Next time Ill run faster”.1.由于缺少资金，整个计划失败了。(fall through)The whole plan fell through for want of fund.2.牛顿被公认为是世界最杰出的科学家之一。(eminent)Newton is acknowledged as one of the worlds most eminent scientists.3.他对生产成本的估算总是准确无误。(invariable)He calculates the cost of production with invariable accuracy4.公司发言人的不负责任的讲话受到了严厉的指责。(berate)The spokesman of the corporation was berated for his irresponsible words.5.这名商业银行的年轻职员看出那张十英镑的假币。(spot)The young clerk from the commercial bank spotted the ten-pound false-money.6.这个精干的经理立刻行动起来。(promptly)The efficient manager acted promptly.7.请把候补名单上她的名字换成你的名字。(substitute)Pleasure replace her name for yours on the waiting list.8.她觉得她在当地综合医院任实习医师是一段宝贵的经历。(rewarding)She found that her internship in the local general hospital was a rewarding experience.9.不要感叹过去得不幸，振作起来行前看。(lament)Dont lament your past misfortunes, keep your shin up and look to the future.Unit 21. Moses pleaded a speech defect to rationalize his reluctance to deliver Jehovahs edict to Pharaoh.Moses justified his unwillingness to pass Jehovahs order to Pharaoh, saying that he was “slow of speech”.2. Yet for all the trouble procrastination may incur, delay can often inspire and revive a creative soul.Delay leads to problems. However, in many cases, it can often stimulate the creativity in an artist.3. He notes that speedy action can be embarrassing or extremely costly.He points out that hastiness may give rise to decision which turn out to be humiliating or expensive.4. Bureaucratization, which flourished amid the growing burdens of government and the greater complexity of society, was designed to smother policymakers in blankets of legalism, compromise and reappraisal-and thereby prevent hasty decisions from being made.Excessive red-tape(官样文章；繁文缛节) developed because public administration was expanding in scope and because society was growing more and more complicated. In this sense, red-tape helped those in charge of policy to be fully engaged in enormous amount of paperwork and judgment, thus making it impossible for an immature decision to result. 5. .many of my friends go through agonies when they face a blank page.many of my friends have a hard time the moment they attempt to put pen to paper.1.富兰克林在他的自传里力劝读者要勤俭。(exhort)Franklin exhorted readers to be diligent and thrifty in his Autobiography.2.谁能证实这签名无讹？(attest to) Who can attest to the genuineness of the signature?3. 人们给它起了“小家伙”的绰号，因为就他年龄而言，他看上去长得很小。(dub)He is dubbed “Tiny” because he looks so small for his age.4.他试图为自己拒绝接受这一劝告辩解。(rationalize) He tried to rationalize his refusal to take the advice.5. 他的一番话引起了我们的不满。(incur)His words incurred our displeasure.6. 要我们在这么短的时间内完成这一项工作几乎是不可能的。(virtually)It is virtually impossible for us to finish the work within such a short time.7.他反复思考这个手术可能产生的后果。(ruminate) He ruminated over the likely consequences of the operation.8.这个地区的报业很兴旺。(flourish) The newspaper business in the region is flourishing.9.掌握英语需要孜孜不倦的努力。(assiduous) It takes assiduous efforts to acquire a good command of English.Unit 31. Of course, my father is a gentleman of the old school, a member of the generation to whom a good deal of modern architecture is unnerving; but I suspect-I more than suspect, I am convinced-that his negative response was not so much to the architecture as to a violation of his concept of the nature of money.Brought up in the old tradition, my father is naturally not prepared to accept the idea of modern architecture; his objection to it, I would assume, indeed I should say I am pretty sure, is not a result of his strong dislike of the physical building itself, but rather that of his refusal to change his attitude towards money.2. If a buildings design made it appear impregnable, the institution was necessarily sound, and the meaning of the heavy wall as an architectural symbol dwelt in the prevailing attitude toward money, rather than in any aesthetic theory.If a building was made to look sturdy/invulnerable, it would be accordingly regarded as reliable, and the significance of the thick walls would be measured not by their artistic value, but by their seeming ability to provide a safe location for money.3. In a primitive society, for example, men pictured the world as large, fearsome, hostile, and beyond human control.People in a primitive society, for example, saw the world as an enormous planet full of fear, hatred and disorder.4.The principal function of todays wall is to separate possible undesirable outside air from the controlled conditions of temperature and humidity which we have created inside. Today a wall serves mainly as a physical means to protect the desired atmosphere inside from being disturbed by anything unwelcome outside.5. To repeat, it is not our advanced technology, but our changing conceptions of ourselves in relation to the world that determine how we shall build our walls.Again, the decisive factor that can influence the design of a wall is not the advancement of science and technology, but our ever-changing attitude towards our place in this world.1.没有确凿的证据证明他有罪。(tangible)There is no tangible evidence to indicate that he is guilty.2.我断定被告是无辜的。(affirm) I affirmed that the accused was innocent.3.那里的防御工事里胡难以攻破。(impregnable) The defenses there seemed impregnable.4.毁坏随着战争而来。(accompany) War is accompanied by destruction.5.他蛰居在自己的农舍里。(secluded)He remained secluded in his farmhouse.6.这种迷信曾经在那个地区十分普遍。(prevalent) The superstition used to be prevalent in that region.7.有些人珍视友谊胜过一切。(cherish) Some people cherish friendship more than anything else.8.他们为这次旅行准备了足够的食物。(adequate) They have got adequate food for the journey.9.他说的和他做得不相一致。(be consistent with) What he says is not consistent with what he does.Unit 41. He was a man of exuberant fancy, and, withal, of an authority so irresistible that, at his will, he turned his varied fancies into facts.He was a man rich in whimsies, and intolerant of any act bold enough as to challenge his authority. When his mind caught upon something, absurd as it might be, he would do everything to make sure that it was done in the way he wished. 2. When every member of his domestic and political systems moved smoothly in its appointed course, his nature was bland and genial; but whenever there was a little hitch, and some of his orbs got out of their orbits, he was blander and more genial still, for nothing pleased him so much as to make the crooked straight, and crush down uneven places.When all his subjects behaved in such a manner as they were told to, he could be gentle and kind. And he could even be more so, if anything not conforming to what he expected should occur, because that offered a great chance for him to see the undesirable removed, a thing he was most delighted in doing. 3. He could open either door he pleased: he was subject to no guidance or influence but that of the aforementioned impartial and incorruptible chance. He enjoyed total freedom to choose what to do: he was not directed or influenced by anyone as to which door to open. The only thing that was decisive in terms of his fate was the above-mentioned chance, granted to all the accused alike. 4. This element of uncertainty lent an interest to the occasion which it could not otherwise have attained.The fact that no one could tell for sure what might happen (to the accused) made this from of trial more attractive than any other form of justice. 5. Thus the masses were entertained and pleased, and the thinking part of the community could bring no charge of unfairness against this plan; for did not the accused person have the whole matter in his own hands?Thus people enjoyed coming here to watch, and those guided by reason in the society could not possibly question the fairness of this form of trial; for was it not the fact that all the accused were given equal chances to make decisions upon their won destiny? 1 这些大学一年级学生都充满青春活力。(exuberant)The freshmen are all youthfully exuberant.2 他的态度平静，脸上的不表情不可解读。(bland)His attitude was bland and his expression was unreadable.3 我中学的女校长是一位性格温和的年轻女子。(genial)The headmistress of my middle school was a genial young lady.4 这位哲学家在思索，这是不是历史的必由之路？(inevitable)The philosopher is thinking on whether this is the inevitable course of events in history.5 这部电影是由海明威的一部小说改编而成。(adapt)The film was adapted from a novel written by Hemingway.6 作为法官你应该保持不偏不倚的态度。(impartial)As a judge, you should remain impartial all along7 他所有有关创新的建议值得我们慎重考虑。(merit)His suggestion for innovation merits our serious consideration.8 他在公司里出以一个很低的从属地位。(subordinate)He remains in a very subordinate position in the company.9他没有向朋友求助而是立刻采取行动。(promptly)He acted promptly without turning to his friends for help.Unit5 1. This semi-barbaric king had a daughter as blooming as his most florid fancies, and with a soul as fervent and imperious as his own.This semi-barbaric king had a daughter as exuberant as the wildest of his notions, a daughter who possessed a nature as fierce and tyrannical as his own. 2. Of course, everybody knew that the deed with which the accused was charged had been done.It was, of course, known to all that he was guilty of the offense of conducting an affair with the princess. 3. .; but the king would not think of allowing any fact of this kind to interfere with the workings of the tribunal, in which he took such great delight and satisfaction.,even though the king was well aware that the love affair had taken place, he would still refuse to let the normal method of deciding guilt or innocence be disturbed, because he was extremely enthusiastic about his way of setting matters of this kind. 4. .; but gold, and the power of a womans will, had brought the secret to the princess.; but because she had the money, and above all, because her determination was so irresistible, the princess was able to get access to the secret. 5. He understood her nature, and his soul was assured that she would never rest until she had made plain to herself this thing, hidden to all other lookers-on, even to the king.He knew her so well that he was perfectly positive that she would never cease to search for the secret, which remained unknown to all other spectators, even to the king himself.1.喜多年轻人喜欢这位散文家的华丽文体。(florid)A lot of young people appreciate the essayists florid style.2.这位教授是一位热诚的环境保护主义者。(fervent)The professor is a fervent environmentalist.3.他们在是去还是留的问题上犹豫不决。(waver)They wavered between going and staying.4.我不会让那些烦恼的事妨碍我的工作。(interfere with)I wont let my troubles interfere with my work.5.我喜欢看孩子们游戏。(take delight in)I take delight in watching children play games.6.这产业处理掉可以获得一大笔金额。(be disposed of)The property can be disposed of for a good sum of money.7.在促销期间，购物中心挤满了人群。(throng)The mall was thronged with people during the sales promotion.8.他们终于在远处看到了灯光。(perceive)They perceived a light in the distance in the end.9.你应该仔细想想这一行动可能会产生的后果。(reflect on)You should reflect on the likely consequences of this action.Unit 61. There seems to be a general assumption that brilliant people cannot stand routine; that they need a varied, exciting life in order to do their best.It is generally believed that a colorless life can freeze a creative mind, and that only a colorful life can inspire a man to creative work. 2. The outstanding characteristic of mans creativeness is the ability to transmute trivial impulses into momentous consequences.One of the wonders human creativity works is that man can make full use of even insignificant feelings to produce far-reaching results.3. An eventful life exhausts rather than stimulates.A life full of diversions stops mans creativity instead of activating it.4. It is usually the mediocre poets, writers, etc.,who go in search of stimulating events to release their creative flow.Only literary artists of an average type rely on excitements in life as a source for their creative work./ Great poets, writers, etc., create works of art out of trivial and common subject. 5. People who find dull job unendurable are often dull people who do not know what to do with themselves when at leisure.People who are unable to see how to be patient with repetitious work are usually those who are unable to see where to find fun in life when it comes to relaxation.1.假设这是真的，那我们该怎么办呢？(assumption) What should we do on the assumption that it is true?2.你应该申请一份你适宜做的工作。(be suited for) You should apply for a post you are suited for.3.他厌倦了城市的忙碌生活，渴望乡村的宁静。(crave for)Feeling tired of the busy life in the city, he craves for peace and quiet in thecountryside.4.他称你与莎士比亚的十四行诗。(be immersed in) He was immersed in Shakespeares sonnets.5.这件事太微不足道了，不用心烦意乱。(trivial) This matter is too trivial to feel upset about.6.毕业典礼对我们所有人来说是一件重大的事。(momentous) The commencement was a momentous occasion for all of us.7.很大的授课量把他们搞得筋疲力尽。(exhaust) A very heavy teaching load exhausted them.8.他在学术研究方面表象的相当平庸。(mediocre) He gave a mediocre performance in academic studies.9.他从绘画中得到很大的乐趣。(derive.from)He derives great satisfaction from painting.Unit 71. One of Socrates main pedagogical acts was to be ugly-and teach those innocent, no doubt splendid-looking disciples of his how full of paradoxes life really was.The contrast between Socrates outward ugliness and his inner strengths served to draw the attention of his native and handsome followers to the fact that there were many such strange contrasts in the world. 2. We not only split off-with the greatest facility-the inside (character, intellect) from the outside (looks); but we are actually surprised when someone who is beautiful is also intelligent, talented, good.We tend to resist the idea that inside beauty (character, intellectual) can coexist with outside beauty (looks) in one single person, and are in fact taken aback to meet one who is beautiful both inside and outside.3. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.Beauty, when considered in relation to a female, involves a judgment of not only looks but also character and intellectual, making itself a much more controversial issue. 4. If a woman does real work-and even if she has clambered up to a leading position in politics, law, medicine, business, or whatever-she is always under pressure to confess that she still works at being attractive.However, a woman may be successful in her career as a politician, lawyer, businesswoman, or whatever, she unavoidably feels compelled to admit to making an effort to look attractive.5. One could hardly ask for more important evidence of the dangers of considering persons as split between what is inside and what is outside than that interminable half-comic half-tragic tale, the oppression of women.The biased attitude towards womenthe long history of which is both lamentable and laughableis the most powerful proof as to how harmful it can be to judge a person by refusing to put into consideration both inner beauty and outer beauty together. 1从你的话中我猜想你准备辞职。(assume) I assume from your remarks that you are going to quit your job.2.我们应该努力区分真实与虚假。(distinguish between. and.) We should try to distinguish between truth and falsehood.3.他总是小心翼翼的不得罪人。(be wary of) He is always wary of giving offence.4.作为一名法官，你不应该做出武断的决定。(arbitrary) As a judge, you should not make arbitrary decisions.5.他是一个具有国际声望的艺术家。(prestige) He is an artist of international prestige.6. 他任务自己的成功有好几个因素。(attribute)He attributed his success to several factors.7. 这些断壁残垣是诺曼人征服英国时期留下的遗迹。(vestige)The fragments of walls are vestiges of the Norman Conquest.8.他抽烟喝酒甚多，损害了健康。(to the detriment of) He smo