中考专题复习8---动词(二).doc

中考专题复习8动词(二 )动词的四种形式A、动三单的变法 1) “辅+y”结尾, 变y为i加es eg. fly 2) “以s; sh; ch; x; o结尾, 加es eg. go 3)直接加s eg. get但have-hasB、现在分词的变法 1)去e加ing (e不发音) 2)双写加ing (“辅元辅”结尾且重读,y;w列外) eg. stay, draw 3)直接加ing写出下列动词的现在分词1.see_2.come _3.stop_4.open _5.listen_6.drop _7.prefer_8.fix_ 9.relax _10.die _11.tie _12.lie _C、动词的过去式和过去分词（一）不规则变化（见课本不规则变化表）（二）规则变化 1) “辅+y”结尾，变y为i加ed 2)双写加ed(重读闭音节) 3)直接加ed写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词1.drop _ _2.stop _ _3.prefer _ _4.study _ _5.try _ _6.fix _ _ 7.relax _ _动词不定式与动名词A、动词不定式作宾补 1)tell / ask / want sb to do _否定式：tell/ask/want sb not to do _ _ 2)省to不定式作宾补即：(l, m, n, 3h, 2看, 1f) sb dollet; mmake; nnotice; 3hhear, have, help; 2看see, watch; 1ffeel 但注意：1)help sb (to) do (to可省、可不省) 2)在改作被动语态时省去的to应还原eg. Someone heard him sing in the room. He was heard to sing in the room.B、动词不定式与动名词的区别1.(hope; learn; want=would like; decide) to do2.(enjoy; finish; keep; mind; practise) doing 8.介词+doingeg. 1)What/ How about doing 2)be good at doing宾语从句与状语从句中的时态1.状语从句中的时态：主句时间、条件句1）一般将来时 2）祈使句 3）情态动词原形一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时eg.1)Ill call you as soon as he _ (come) back. 2)Please dont let the TV on when you_ (go out) 3)Ill help you if I _ (be) free tomorrow4).I could do it better if I _(give ) more time to prepare.(从句描述的情况和现实相反，是一种对现实的虚拟)5).You can make it if you _(put) your heart into it.2.宾语从句中的时态：主句宾语从句一般现在时一切时态一般过去时过去范畴的某一时态（一般过去时；过去进行时；过去完成时；过去将来时）但当宾语从句是指客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时，则只能用一般现在时。eg.1)He said his father _(come) back in two days. 2)The teacher said light _(travel) faster than sound.3).Tom said ”I want an another two apples”Tom said that _(want ) another two apples. 4).He said to me,”I broke your CD player.” He told me that he _. 主谓一致1.表“时间、距离、金钱、长度”的名词短语做主语时应看作一个整体，视为三单eg. Two months is quite a long time.2.people; police形单实为复，作主为复eg. The police are looking for the missing boy.3.maths, news, physics形复实为单，作主为单4.family; class看作整体时作主语为单数；看作整体中的各成员时则为复数。eg. 1)My family is a big one. 2)My family are watching TV.5.由with, except, as well as, together with连接的两名词作主语，谓语由前者决定Eg.The teacher with his students is going to Beijing tomorrow.6.由neithernor; eitheror; not onlybout also,or连接的两名词作主语，谓语由后者决定(就近原则)eg. Neither he nor I am a teacher.7.不定代词（something; anything; nothing; someone; anyone; everyone）作主语为三单Nobody knows it except me.8.One of + 复名 作主语为单数eg. One of my friends is a computer engineer.9.“the +姓的复数”作主语为复数eg. The Lius are watching TV now.10.sheep; deer; fish单复同形，注意区别作主语是单还是复eg. 1)There are many sheep on the hill. 2)Milk _ white, and sheep _ white, too. (be填空) 11.there be结构中，如果有两个以上的名词作主语，则be应与最接近的那个名词一致。（即：靠近原则）eg. 1)There _a box and some pens on the desk.2)There _some pens and a box on the desk. 12. either, neither, each作主语为三单eg. Neither of the twins _(like) drawing. 13.由两部分构成的事物名词（trousers, glasses, chopsticks）作主语为复数，但当前面有pair短语修饰时，则谓语由pair的单复数来决定谓语。eg.1)Where _(be) my glasses? 2)That pair of trousers _(be) Mr. Greens“短暂”动词与“延续”动词之间的转化buyhave ; borrowkeep ; diebe dead ; leavebe away (from); come backbe back; fall asleepbe asleep ; openbe open ; catch a coldhave a cold; go /get outbe out; arrive (reach / get to / come to) +地点be in +地点；joinbe in +集体（或be + 成员）；turn onbe on; turn offbe off ;get a letter fromhave a letter from.end /finishbe over ; get upbe up ; 1) He has (A) bought (B) the fridge (C) for (D) two years. _2)How long (A) may (B) I borrow (C) the (D) book?_ 3)The film (A) has begun (B) for five minutes(C). _4)Tom has got (A) the letter (B) from (C) Jim for two days (D). _5)I have (A) caught (B) a cold since two years ago (C). _6)He has (A) come to (B) Beijing for ten years(C) _7)My brother (A) has joined (B) the army (C) for (D) five years. _练 习一、写出下列各时态的构成及被动语态，然后找出各时态所对应的时间状语，只写代号1、一般时 _ _ 时间状语_ 2、一般将来时:_ _时间状语_3、现在进行时_ _ 时间状语_ 4、现在完成时_ _ 时间状语_5、过去进行时_ _ 时间状语_6.现在完成进行时_ _提供的时间状语如下：A. since she came in B. in two days C. when she came in D. next week E. often F. five days ago G. sometimesH. last year I. look之后的句子 J. just K. at 4:30 yesterday L. so far M. for ten years N. since two years ago二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Mother _ (watch) TV every evening.2.We_(talk) when the teacher came in.3.He _(go) to Beijing two days ago.4.He _(leave) Chengdu in two days.5.Look! The boy_(play) football on the playground.6.My uncle _(live) here for ten years.7.He often helps the old woman _ (carry) water.8.Would you like to make a contribution to _ (improve) our living conditions?9.Dont forget _(turn) off the lights before you go out.10.Please let the girls _(go) first.11.They had great fun _(play) football this afternoon.12.Do you enjoy _(watch) TV?13.Would you like _(have) a cup of tea?14.You can _(go) there tomorrow.15.Would you mind my _(open) the door?16.Please ask him _(speak) more loudly17.Ill go fishing if it _(be) fine tomorrow.18.He said his grandpa _(be) dead for ten years.19.Tell the children _(not play) in the street.20.Mr Zhu spent much time _(help) me with my English.21.Ill tell you as soon as he _ (come) back.22.Each of us _(want) to go to college.23.Thank you for _(help) me.24.The teacher told us the earth _(go) round the sun.25.My father is good at _(fish).26.Youd better_(not talk) in class.27.The teacher stopped_(talk) to us when we went into the office. 28.I saw her _(cook) when I got home.29.Look! A woman with two children _ (be) coming towards us.30.His family _ not big, but the family _ (be) interested in music.31.Two months _(be) quite a long time.32.He asked if Tom _(come) in two days33.One of our teachers _(be) a foreigner.34.The Greens _(have) been to the Great Wall twice.35.He is practicing _(speak) English with Mr. Green.36.This pair of glasses _ mine. The glasses on the table _ his (be).37.There _ an apple, a pear and some bananas on the table. (be)38._(read) in bed _(be)bad your eyes.39.Hello, Jim! I _ (not know) you were in Chengdu. I _ (tell) you were still in London.40.It _(say) that another bridge_ (build) over the river next year.41. He left the room without _ (say) goodbye.42. Many trees _ (plant) in our school yard these years.43. The police _ (be) trying to catch the thief.44. The family _(be) spending the weekend together.三、选择填空( )1.Must I turn off the light now?-No, you _A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant( )2.Our teacher told us the sun _ in the east. A.rose B. rises C. is rising( )3.He _ back in a month.A. will come B. come C. came( )4.I _ him before.A. met B. had met C. have met( )5.The teacher _ to Japan this year. Shes now telling her pupils about it.A. went B. has been C. has gone( )6.It _ hard when I got home yesterday.A. rained B. is raining C. was raining( )7.Why not _ again?A. to try B. try C. trying( )8.He has finished _ the letter.A. writing B. to write C. wrote( )9.It _ every night.A. happens B. is happened C. happened( )10.The box is too heavy for me _.A. to carry it B. to carry C. carrying it( )11.Stop _and listen to the teacher.A. to read B. read C. reading( )12.He is still looking for a house _.A. to live B. to live in C. to live in it( )13.I heard her _ when I passed her room just now. A. sing B. singing C. to sing( )14.May I go with you ?-No, you _.A. may not B. can not C. mustnt( )15.The class _ going to see a film this afternoon.A. am B. is C. are( )16.Jims shoes _ under the bed.A. are B. is C. was( )17.Three years _ quite a long time.A. is B. are C. were( )18.The clothes are mine. Yours _ under the bed.A. is B. are C. were( )19 The teacher wanted us _ Exercise 1, but you let me _ Exercise 2. A.to do, do B. to do, to do C. do, to do D. do, do ( )20. Miss Green saw a wallet _on the ground when she wa