会计英语复习资料答案.doc

会计英语复习资料答案一、单词1.accounting 会计学2.accounting elements 会计要素3.accounting equation 会计等式4.assets 资产5.liabilities 负债 6.owners equity 所有者权益7.revenue 收入8.expenses 费用9.profits 利润10.accounting period 会计期间11.transaction 经济业务/会计事项12.double-entry system 复式记账法13.debit 借方14.credit 贷方15.ledger 分类账16.chart of accounts 会计科目表17.journal 日记账18.current assets 流动资产19.cash 现金20.cash equivalents 现金等价物21.check 支票22.bank deposits 银行存款23.cash in bank 银行存款24.money orders 汇票25.cash on band 库存现金26.accounts receivable 应收账款27.allowance for bad debts 坏账准备28.net realizable value 可变现净值29.inventory 存货30.finished goods 产成品31.semi-finished goods 半成品32.goods in process 在产品33.historical cost 历史成本34.specific identification 个别计价法35.first-in, first-out 先进先出法36.last-in, first-out 后进先出法37.weighted average 加权平均法38.raw materials 原材料39.short-term investment 短期投资40.marketable securities 有价证券41.shareholder 股东42.bonds 债券43.debentures 债券44.long-term assets 长期资产45.fixed assets 固定资产46.intangible assets 无形资产47.deferred assets 递延资产48.useful life 使用寿命49.depreciation 折旧50.depreciable amount 应计折旧额51.depreciation method 折旧方法52.estimated net residual value 预计净残值53.straight-line method 直线法54.units of production method 工作量法55.double declining balance method 双倍余额递减法56.sum-of-the-years-digits method 年数总和法57.amortization 摊销58.impairment 减值59.current liabilities 流动负债60.accounts payable 应付账款61.notes payable 应付票据62.unearned revenue 预收账款63.income taxes payable 应交所得税64.contingent liabilities 或有负债65.long-term liabilities 长期负债66.bonds payable 应付债券67.ownership 所有权68.sole proprietorship 独资企业69.partnership 合伙企业70.corporation 公司71.common shareholders 普通股股东72.preferred shareholders 优先股股东73.common stock 普通股74.preferred stock 优先股75.dividends 股利76.retained earnings 留存收益77.paid-in capital 实收资本78.capital stock 股本79.addtional paid-in capital 附加投入资本80.capital surplus 资本公积81.undistributed profit 未分配利润82.par value 面值83.fair value 公允价值84.reserve fund 盈余公积85.legal reserve 法定盈余86.stock split 股利分割87.cash dividends 现金股利88.stock dividends 股票股利89.sales revenue 销售收入90.service revenue 劳务收入91.product costs 产品成本92.direct material costs 直接材料成本93.direct labor costs 直接人工成本94.indirect costs 间接成本95.manufacturing overhead 制造费用96.period expenses 期间费用97.operating expense 营业费用98.administrative expense 管理费用99.finance expense 财务费用100.balance sheet 资产负债表101.income statement 利润表/损益表102.cash flow statement 现金流量表二、填空1. The accounting elements include assets, liabilities, owners equity, revenue, expenses, and profits.2. Liabilities are debts of a business.3. Borrowing cash from a bank does not belong to assets; it simply belongs to liability.4. Profit is the excess of revenue over expenses for the accounting period.5. The accounting equation is :assets = liabilities + owners equity.6. “Dr.” stands for debits ,while “Cr.” is the abbreviation for credit.7. Liability, owners equity, revenue and profit decreases are recorded as debits.8. Short-term investments refer to various of marketable securities.9. Marketable securities include stock and debentures to be realized within one year from the balance sheet date and shall be accounted for at cost.10. Depreciation refers to the systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of a fixed asset over its useful life.11. The four common depreciation methods are the straight-line method, the units of production method.12. The straight line method shall be employed when it is assumed that an assets economic revenue is the same each year, and the repair and maintenance cost is also the same for each period.13. When depreciation is mainly due to wear and tear, the units of production method are usually used.14. The two types of intangible assets are finite and indenfinite intangibles.15. Please name five most commonly seen intangibles , i.e., patents, trademarks, copyrights, franchises and licenses, internet domain names and construction permit.16. Intangible assets do not include internally generated goodwill, brands and publishing titles.17. Intangible assets should be measured initially at cost.18. For intangible assets with finite useful lives enterprises shall consider their amortization while intangible assets with indefinite useful lives shall not be amortized.19. The account of unearned revenue should be decreased when the service paid for in advance has been provided.20. The account of accounts payable should be recorded when the business purchased supplies on credit.21. The account of notes payable used to show what the business owes the bank.22. A corporations balance sheet contains assets, liabilities, and shareholders equity.23. Preferred stock and common stock are the two common capital stocks issued by a corporation.24. Cash dividends and stock dividend are the usual forms of distribution to share holders.25. A stock dividend is a proportional distribution to shareholders of additional shares of the corporations common or preferred stocks.26. Retained Earnings represents the corporations accumulated net income, less accumulated dividends and other amounts transferred to paid-in capital accounts.三、单选1. Matching each of the following statements with its poper term.(1) accounts receivable ( B )(2) dishonored notes receivable ( C )(3) allowance method ( A )(4) direct write-off method ( D )A. The method of accounting for un-collectible accounts that provides an expense for un-collectible receivables in advance of their write-off.B. A receivable created by selling merchandise or service on credit.C. A note that maker fails to pay on the due date.D. The method of accounting for un-collectible accounts that recognizes the expense only when accounts are judged to be worthless.2. At the end of the fiscal year, accounts receivable has a balance of $100000 and allowance for doubtful accounts has a balance of $7000, The expected net realizable value of the accounts receivable is ( B )A. $7000 B. $93000 C. $100000 D. $1070003. If merchandise inventory is being valued at cost and the price level is steadily rising, the method of costing that will yield the higher net income is ( B )A.LIFO B.FIFO C.Average D.Periodic4. Given the following information, which of the following accounting transactions is true?( B )Gross payroll $20000Federal income tax withheld $4000Social security tax withheld $1600A. $1600 is recorded as salary expense.B. $14400 is recorded as salary payable C. The $1600 deducted for employee social security tax belongs to the companyD. Payroll is an example of an estimated liability5.If a corporation has outstanding 1000 shares of $9 cumulative preferred stock of $100 par and dividends have been passed for the preceding three years, what is the amount of preferred dividends that must be declared in the current year before a dividend can be declared on common stock?( C )A. $9000 B. $27000 C. $36000 D. $450006. All of the following are reasons for purchasing treasury stock except to ( B )A. make a market for the stockB. increase the number of shareholdersC. increase the earnings per share and return on equityD. give employee as compensation7. Paid-in capital for a corporation may arise from which of the following sources?( D )A. Issuing cumulative preferred stockB. Receiving donations of real estateC. Selling the corporations treasury stockD. All of the above8. Under the equity method, the investment account is decreased by all of the following except the investors proportionate share of ( B )A. dividends paid by the investeeB. declines in the fair value of the investmentC. the losses of the investeeD. all of the options9. Cash dividends are paid on the basis of the number of shares ( C )A. authorized B. issued C. Outstanding D. outstanding less the number of treasury shares10. The stockholders equity section of the balance sheet may include ( D )A. common stock B. preferred stockC. donated capital D. all of the above11. Declaration and issuance of a dividend in stock ( D )A. increases the current ratioB. decreases the amount of working capitalC. decreases total stockholders equityD. has no effect on total assets, liabilities, or stockholders equity12. If a corporation reacquires its own stock, the stock is listed on the balance sheet in the ( C )A. current assets sectionB. long term liability sectionC. stockholders equity sectionD. investments section13. A corporation has issued 25000 shares of $100 par common stock and holds 3000 of these shares as treasury stock. If the corporation declares a $2 per share cash dividend, what amount will be recorded as cash dividend?( C )A. $22000 B. $25000 C. $44000 D. $5000014. A company declared a cash dividend on its common stock on December 15, 2004, payable on January 12, 2005. How would this dividend affect shareholders equity on the following dates? ( B ) December 15, January 12 2004 2005A. Decrease. Decrease.B. No effect. No effect.C. No effect. No effect.D. Decrease. Decrease.15. An example of a cash flow from an operating activity is ( D )A. the receipt of cash from issuing stockB. the receipt of cash from issuing bondsC. the payment of cash for dividendsD. the receipt of cash from customers on account16. An example of a cash flow from an investing activity is ( A )A. the receipt of cash from the sale of equipmentB. the receipt of cash from issuing bondsC. the payment of cash for dividendsD. the payment of cash to acquire treasury stock17. An example of a cash flow from a financing activity is ( C )A. the receipt of cash from customers on accountB. the receipt of cash from the sale of equipmentC. the payment of cash for dividendsD. the payment of cash to acquire marketable securities18. A receivable created by selling merchandise or services on credit. ( A )A. accounts receivable B. dishonored notes payableC. allowance method D. direct write-off method19. At the end of the fiscal year, accounts receivable has a balance of $100000 and allowance for doubtful accounts has a balance of $7000. The expected net realizable value of the accounts receivable is ( B )A. $7000 B. $93000 C. $100000 D. $10700020.( B ) are valuable resources owned by the entity.A. Liability B. Assets C. Equity D. None of them21. Which is intangible asset ( C )A. internally generated goodwill B. internally generated publishing titlesC. franchises and license D. internally generated brands22.( A ) shall be employed when it is assumed that an assets economic revenue is the same each year, and the repair and maintenance cost is also the same for each period.A. straight-line methodB. units of production methodC. double declining balance methodD. sum-of-the-years-digits(SYD) method四、判断1. Fixed assets are intangible assets. ( F )2. Internally generated goodwill can be viewed as intangible assets. ( F )3. Land doesnt need depreciation and is considered to have an infinite life. （ T ）4. Fixed assets are usually subjected to depreciation. ( T )5. Bonds and stocks are classified as intangible assets.( F )6. Once the expected useful life and estimated net residual value are determined, they shall not be changed under any circumstances.( F )7. When a corporation issues one type of capital stocks, common stocks are always issued. ( T )8. Par value is strictly a legal matter, and it establishes the legal capital of a corporation. ( T )9. The balance of the additional paid-in capital account represents a gain on the sale of stocks and increases net income. ( F )10. A corporation must, by law, pay a dividend once a year. ( T )11. Dividends are an expense of a corporation and should be charged to the periodic income. ( T )12. Revenue increase owners equity. ( T )13. Revenue is recognized when we receive cash from the buyers. ( F )14. Advertising expense is usually collected as period expense. ( T )15. Interest revenue should be measured based on the length of time. ( T )16. If revenue exceed expenses for the same accounting period, the entity is deemed to suffer a loss. ( F )17. Asset = liabilities + Expense. ( F )18. Liabilities are debts of a business. ( T )19. Borrowing cash from a bank belongs to revenue. ( F )20. Increase in asset is recorded in credit side. ( F )21. When depreciation is mainly due to wear and tear, straight-line method shall be employed. ( F )22. Bonds payable belong to current liabilities.( F )23. All fixed assets are depreciable over their limited useful life.( F )24. Fixed assets are intangible assets. ( F )25. Internally generated goodwill can be viewed as intangible assets. ( F )26. Land doesnt need depreciation and is considered to have an infinite life. ( T )五、翻译1. Accounting contains elements both of science and art. The important thing is that it is not merely a collection of arithmetical techniques but a set of complex processes depending on and prepared for people.会计既是科学，也是艺术。重要的是，它不仅仅是一项算数技术，而且是一套复杂的程序。2. Inventories refer to merchandise, finished goods, semi-finished goods, goods in process, and all kinds of materials, fuels, containers, low-value and perishable articles and so on that stocked for the purpose of sale, production or consumption during the production operational process, Inventories are normally accounted for at historical cost, as the cost principle requires.Normally, a company may account inventories under the following methods:(1)Specific identification (2)first-in, first-out(FIFO) (3)last-in, first-out(LIFO) (4)weighted average存货是在一个产品经营周期内为了销售、生产或消耗所储存起来的，包括货物、产成品、半成品、在产品，以及各种原料、燃料、包装物和低值易耗品等。根据成本原则的需要，存货一般采用历史成本来计算。一般情况下，公司计算存货可采用以下方法：（1）个别认定法；（2）先进先出法；（3）后进先出法；（4）加权平均法3. In contrast to current assets, long-term assets refer to those assets that will be realized or consumed within a period longer than one year of their acquisition, which are normally divided into fixed assets, intangible assets and deferred assets.Fixed assets refer to the assets whose useful life is over one year, unit value is above the prescribed criteria and where original physical form remains during the process of utilization.与流动资产相比，长期资产是指那些在超过一年的时间内变现或者耗用的资产，通常分为固定资产、无形资产和递延资产。固定资产是指使用时限在一年以上，单位价值在规定标准以上，并在使用过程中保持原来物资形态的资产。4. Depreciation is defined as the accounting process of systematically allocating the depreciable amount of a fixed asset over its useful life by a selected depreciation method. When calculating the depreciation expense of a fixed asset, an enterprise should consider its depreciable amount, estimated net residual value, estimated useful life, and the depreciation methods.折旧可以定义为在固定资产使用寿命内，按照确定的方法对应计折旧额进行系统分摊。当计算一项固定资产折旧费的时候，企业应当考虑它的应计折旧额、预计净残值、估计的使用寿命以及折旧方法。5. The amount of retained earnings represents the cumulative net income of the firm since its beginning, less the total dividends that have been distributed to shareholders. It is important to note that retained earnings are not the assets, but the existence of retained earnings means that net assets generated by profitable operations have been kept in the company to help it grow or to meet other business needs. However, a credit balance in Retained Earnings does not mean that cash or any designated set of assets is directly associated with retained earnings. The fact that earnings have been retained means that net assets as a whole have been increased.留存收益的数额等于企业从开办以来累计的净利润减去已分配给股东的的股利。需要注意的是，留存收益本身并不是资产，但留存收益的存在，意味着由盈利经营行为产生的净资产已经在公司中累积，帮助公司壮大并满足其他经营需求。但留存收益的贷方余额并不意味着留存收益直接与现金或某种特定形式的资产相关联，而是意味着净资产总体上增加了。6. In China, compani