高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

精品文档高中英语动词主谓一致复习概念：主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语的人称和数保持一致分类：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。一、语法一致：主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用_形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用_形式。e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other. 不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用_；可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用_。1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语：如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数，若指的是同一个人或物,或者指同一概念的时候,谓语要用单数The worker and writer _ _(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家 The worker and the writer _ _ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家 Bread and butter _our daily food.2. 动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用_形式。 Reading is a great pleasure in life. To live means to create. That we need more time is obvious. What is needed is food and medicine. 3.定语从句的在从句中作主语时，要与的人称和数保持一致。eg. Thosewhoenjoysingingmayjoinus. Tom,whoisyourfriend,shouldhelpyou.4. 主语后跟有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except,but,including，rather than,等引起的短语 ,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。eg. I think Tom , rather than you, is to blame for the accident.二意义一致 1.主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例句： Each doctor and（each）nurse was given a new shirt. No sound and no voice is heard. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. Every minute and every second is precious.2.表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Three thousand miles is a long distance. Eight hours of sleep is enough. Ten dollars is enough for him.Fifty kilograms is not too long to be carried3 不定代词anyone, anything, everyone, everything, someone, something, no one, nothing, each the other 等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： Is anybody going to tell him the news ? Someone wants to see you.Anybody who breaks the rule will be punished. 4. all, some, any, more, most, none, half, a lot of , lots of ,plenty of，the rest/ the majority, 分数，百分数+ 名词做主语，谓语动词单复数取决于它们所表示的意义eg. Half of the apple _rotten. (be) Half of the apples _rotten. (be) 30% of the liquid _alcohol .(be) 30% of the books _in English. (be)三就近原则1、由连词or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, 连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词和离它最_的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一致。例句：. Either you or Jean is to be sent to New Zealand. Not only his family but also he likes Chaplins movies. Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather. George or Tom is wanted.2、注意：There be句型中be 的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。例句：. There arent any letters in the mail for you today. There is a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk. Here are some envelopes and paper for you.高考真题演练1. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ （be）saved for other purposes.2. One third of the country _covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_black people.(be) 3. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ (wear) evening dress.4. Listening to loud music at rock concerts （cause）hearing loss in some teenagers.5. The teacher together with the students _discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. (be) 6. Did you go to the show last night?Yeah. Every boy and girl in the areainvited.(be)7. A survey of the opinions of experts (show)that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ (be)good for ones health.8. A poet and artist (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.9. The father as well as his three children _ (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.10. As you can see, the number of cars on roads _ (keep) rising these days. 11. Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others _(be) essential to therir development.12. All the scientific evidence_(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming_(be) damaging our health.13. Mr.Black,as well as the professor who_(come) from Pecking University, _(be) to attend our school meeting.改错练习：14. Bill was standing at the side of the car， talking to two men who was helping him to repair it. 15. Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. 16. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.17. But then there is always more mysteries to look into.18. But not all information are good to society.19. So then， a concert cost so much. I may just listen to music. 20. If I listen to my own records， there are no need to spend money.21. you will probably want to join the Stamp Collectors Club which exist to add more stamps to your collection.22. One evening she told me that something happened when their parents was out. 23. More than 3,000 students took exams for it, but only a few was chosen.24. Living in a boarding school make me independent, which has a great effect on me.【典型例题】例1 E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playingB. have playedC. are playingD. play分析：带有as well as 短语的名词做主语时，谓语动词与这个名词的人称和数一致，不受as well as 短语内容的影响。E-mail是单数形式，故选择A。例2 Either John or his friends _ to blame for the bad results.A. areB. isC. wasD. has been分析：eitheror.连接两个名词做主语时，其谓语动词与离它最近的名词的数和人称一致，本题中his friends 决定了谓语动词的形式，故选择A。例3 The conductor and composer _ by a crowd of people.A. are greetedB. is greetedC. greetsD. have been greeted分析：根据句意，主语部分的The conductor and composer 是指一个人即：乐队指挥兼作曲家， 所以主语的内容是单数形式，故选择B。例4 The trousers _ you well, madam.But the colour _ me. A. fit; dont suit B. fits; doesnt suit C. fits; dont suit D. fit; doesnt suit分析：trousers, clothes, glasses,等名词本身就是复数形式。谓语动词用复数形式。Colour 是单数，谓语用单数，故选择D。例5 The Smiths family, which _ rather a large one, _ very fond of their old house.A. were; wereB. was; wereC. were; wasD. was; was分析：family指“家庭”为单数，指“家庭成员”为复数形式。第一空格前的which 指“家庭” 谓语用was. 第二空格后的fond of指“家庭成员喜欢他们的老房子” 谓语为were，故选择B。例6 He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years.A. is B. areC. have beenD. has been分析：当定语从句先行词是“one of +复数形式”时， 其后的从句谓语动词用复数形式。而当one之前有the only时， 定语从句则强调the only one，谓语动词用单数。另外，题目中的时间状语for three years表明从句的时态为现在完成时，故选择D。例7 Three fifths of the police _ in the school near the town.A. has trainedB. have trained C. has been trained D. have been trained分析：分数+名词做主语时，谓语动词的形式由分数所指的名词的形式（可数名词或不可数名词）决定，police 是集合名词为复数形式，根据句子意思，police 与train 为被动关系，应用被动语态，故选择D。短文改错片段：1. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.分析：本句中主语Now my picture and the prize是复数形式，谓语动词is应改为are.2. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become stranger at once.分析：本句第一行，根据全篇内容的语境，应当是一般现在时，所以谓语动词talked改为talk.第二行：根据句意：我们下课后立刻又成了陌生人。Stranger应当与主语we一致，改为复数形式，strangers.3. But not all information are good to society.分析：主语information是不可数名词，are应改为is【模拟试题】1. Is there anybody in the classroom ?No, the teacher, together with the students _ to the playground.A. goB. went C. has goneD. have gone2. Are these yo