考研精背A计划宫老师的.doc

附件2宫东风老师精背A计划宫东风老师精背A计划第（1）篇Earthquake EducationHit by a massive earthquake on March 11, Japan is now attracting global attention for its relief work, as it shows the world a picture of a calm and highly disciplined population.In the aftermath of the disaster, people still queue to buy food and make calls, and they consciously save electricity to ensure the power supply. After escaping from the earthquake and taking shelter on the city square, not a single person smokes and there is not a single piece of litter on the ground. Everyone is helping each other. Japanese businesses have also begun to take action by offering free telecom service. All this shows the Japanese nations strong solidarity in the face of this natural catastrophe and also the fruit of national disaster education.The Japanese media have acted very responsibly. They have presented no special reports on death, no images of crying or shouting, no instigating reports from the disaster locations. Their focus has been on collecting and broadcasting disaster-related information. The media have never interviewed any relief workers, in order to avoid interrupting the relief process; neither have they interviewed victims relatives, who are already in great misery.Catastrophes are always moments that reveal the very truth of a nation. The high quality found in the Japanese can be used as educational material in China.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（2）篇Working for Better RightsMarch 15, the World Consumer Rights Day, has passed again. Topics including complaints and protecting consumers rights are being talked about everywhere. Various activities have been held to mark the day. Consumers associations are stepping up protection, aiming at typical cases. Vendors are also sparing no efforts to show their honesty to consumers. In addition, many netizens are posting their stories of difficulties in protecting their rights. They have hopes of discussing the issues with deputies to the National Peoples Congress.Certainly, March 15 every year gives us a good opportunity to promote better protection of consumers rights, and assemble all kinds of opinions and suggestions to tackle violations. Nevertheless, it is a long-term mission to protect consumers rights. All the problems cannot be resolved in one day. Therefore, it needs more than just setting March 15 as an outlet for consumer discontent.The upsurge in consumers complaints on March 15 shows consumers dependence on this day. It also shows other problems. First, the consumers sense of protecting their rights is still weak. Second, official departments usually do not resolve complaints promptly and effectively.Protection of consumers rights not only needs a day set aside for it, but also needs the setting up of a sound legal system of complaints and enforcement, and the improving of relations between consumers and sellers.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（3）篇Exposing Public ExpenditureThis year, Chinas Ministry of Finance will publish the general situation about the use of the central fiscal budget on officials cars, public-relation expenditure and overseas visits, and related central departments and institutions should make their use of fiscal budget on these items open to the public in detail, said the ministrys spokesperson on March 8.The government needs to be supervised by the public, not only on how it executes its power, but also on how it spends money. Why does the expenditure on these items stay high despite various criticisms? The most important reason is taxpayers do not have effective supervisory tools or channels.Now, the Ministry of Finance and the central departments have decided to publish the relevant information, a positive response to the public and also a good start. We believe that a series of strict regulations on the expenditure of these items will follow and any departments that refuse to make their expenditure open or report false statistics will be punished. If governments at various levels do publish their expenditure on these items, they will win greater public trust. GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（4）篇Easing Population ControlChinas population control departments are considering relaxing control over the one-child policy, said Wang Yuqing, Deputy Director of the Population, Resources and Environment Committee of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference, recently. But the timetable is still unknown, he said.Ji Baocheng, President of China Renmin University and also a deputy to the National Peoples Congress, says he believes its urgent to relax control on childbirth. Chinas natural population growth rate is only 5 per thousand and the pace has been retained for 20 years. Without immediate adjustment, serious imbalances in population structure will crop up. In the near future, Chinas ageing populationabove 60 years oldwill soon reach 30 percent, and the proportion of the labor forcefrom 28 to 40will drop by half during the next decade. By then the huge pension expenses will pose a big challenge to the government.Chinas family planning policy has been operating for three decades and many problems are emerging. People gradually found that this policy has neglected the problems caused by imbalanced population structure and peoples psychological necessity, such as close relationships ensured by blood bonds. It has also been discovered education of an only child is more difficult than that of two or more children together. A child with siblings knows better about how to cooperate and compete and they tend to be less selfish. Besides, when an only child marries, it means every couple has to support not only their child but four parents.There is the worry relaxing the controls will incur problems, such as swelling of population. But experience in some pilot areas, such as places in Gansu and Shanxi provinces where the one-child policy has been relaxed, shows such worry is uncalled for. The childbirth rates in these places have maintained low. Besides, the childbirth rate in some big cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, has been declining.The solutions to population problems will not be found immediately or easily. We need a more prudent and scientific attitude toward this matter.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（5）篇Achieving Education TargetsAs early as 1993, an education reform and development outline of China clearly pointed out that by the late 1990s, the proportion of education input to GDP would be raised to 4 percent. Its a pityeven by nowthe target is still far away. In recent years, increasing education input has been a hot topic in the country.The proportion of education input to GDP is one of the important indexes to measure a countrys input in eduction. Research shows when per-capita GDP reaches $800 to $1,000, education input should at least account for 4.07 to 4.25 percent of GDP. Chinas per-capita GDP has now exceeded $1,000, but the proportion is only 3.28 percent, lower than the worlds average of 5.1 percent and even the 4.1 percent rate of developing countries.Governments at various levels should share responsibilities. Many countries already have clear legal regulations about this responsibility. But in China, there is no similar laws or regulations to ensure the input proportion of governments at different levels. For example, provincial governments revenues account for a big share of the national revenue, but there is no clear regulation stipulating the proportion that provincial governments should shoulder.Eighteen years have passed since the proportion increase was proposed in the outline. How long do we have to wait to achieve this target? Its time to set up an effective compulsory education input safeguarding system, and the Central Government and provincial governments should take greater responsibility in fighting for the 4 percent target.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（6）篇Without Stability, Nothing Is PossibleWith the opening of the annual sessions of Chinas National Peoples Congress (NPC) and Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), NPC deputies and CPPCC members from around the country are gathering in Beijing, contributing their ideas on national development during the 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-15).During the 11th Five-Year Plan (2005-10), China has seen tremendous enhancement of its overall national strength, remarkable improvement in peoples living conditions, and a marked rise in international status and influence. Like the overall national situation, the capital city of Beijing is also changing and developing fast with each passing day, and local citizens are living stable and happy lives. But recently, some hostile forces from both in and outside China are attempting to bring chaos into the city. They instigated illegal assembly through the Internet, and tried to make trouble and stir up street politics. The broad public is strongly opposed to these farces.Since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949, particularly during the past 30 years since China adopted its reform and opening-up policy in the late 1970s, a weak and backward China has been transformed into a prosperous new country. At no time have the Chinese people ever been so hopeful about the future.This year marks the opening of the 12th Five-Year Plan, which presents important strategic opportunities and will lay a critical foundation for the development of a modern and well-off society in an all-round way. At this juncture, stability is a blessing while turbulence is disaster. Without stability, nothing is possible. To maintain stability is the common will and aspiration of all Chinese people.Only in a stable society is it possible for individuals to fulfill their dreams and for peoples living conditions to be further improved. Experience throughout history tells us that turbulence harms the society and that harmony and stability are good for everyone. To maintain harmony and stability should therefore be the common task for all.Residents in Beijing must lead the rest of the country in maintaining harmony and stability as well as the present good social environment. As long as they dedicate themselves to their own work, turn deaf ears to rumors and give no chance to hostile forces for trouble making, everyone will be able to contribute to the maintenance of social harmony and stability.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（7）篇Hard IndexesRocketing prices of various commodities, especially housing properties, put greater expectations about peoples livelihoods on the agenda of this years National Peoples Congress (NPC) and Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) plenary meetings than ever. To our pleasure, signals from the two meetings show with greater clarity things such as residents incomes, consumption capacities and service-oriented employment will be listed among hard indexes for officials performance appraisal. The new round of livelihood development is speeding up.These are old topics brought up again and again in many years of NPC and CPPCC meetings. Despite promises from governments at various levels, there are no tangible results. The deepest reason is the lack of hard indexes on livelihood programs. If certain indexes affect officials performance appraisals and personal promotions, then related programs will be highly stressed.Some local governments attach great importance to indexes and are willing to undertake projects that are not readily measurable by hard indexes, such as GDP or industrial growth. Based on such phenomenon, making more hard indexes in the appraisal system for officials performance is an effective way to improve peoples livelihood.During the 11th Five-Year Plan of China, there were only eight restrictive hard indexes among 22 major ones, while during the draft for the 12th Five-Year Plan, there are 12. Increasing problems in peoples lives demand the government care more about peoples actual quality of life. We hope to see more hard indexes on livelihood-related programs.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（8）篇E-ProposalsBefore this years plenary meeting of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), 30 e-proposals from netizens were selected from the Internet and offered to CPPCC members as a reference.Netizens proposals cover problems related to rural areas and farmers, housing price control and education reform. These reflect their main concerns about life and also expectations for the 12th Five-Year Plan.The plenary meetings of the National Peoples Congress (NPC) and CPPCC mainly discuss issues concerned by the deputies and members attending the meetings, but more importantly, they are a good opportunity for ordinary people to contribute their ideas and voice their demands. The publics active action in submitting e-proposals shows rising awareness and participation by the people.Besides, since e-proposals are submitted online, rather than on paper, they are environmentally friendly.This is only a start, and only 30 proposals were selected, but in the future we expect more e-proposals will be used in NPC and CPPCC meetings. China has 1.3 billion people, but NPC deputies and CPPCC members are only a small proportion and their vision is thus limited. Therefore, as greater numbers of ordinary people submit their proposals on the Internet, their voices can be better heard and their needs can be better met.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（9）篇Antibiotics MisuseIt is reported the Chinese Ministry of Health is to release standards on dosages of antibiotics, and hospitals exceeding limits will be demoted.This policy implies serious overuse of antibiotics in Chinas medical system. Statistics show one third of adverse drug reaction reports in China are related to antibiotic medicine.Doctors know patients always hope to get well as soon as possible, and naturally antibiotics will be the first choice. Most patients know little about the risk of antibiotics abuse. So, even if they are ill with only a headache or cold, they want to use antibiotics, forgetting that recovery from disease is a certain process. As a result, antibiotics are increasingly frequently used because of the growing resistance to drugs of pathogenic bacteria.Compared to ordinary medicine, antibiotics are much more expensive. It is easy for hospitals to take advantage of this large price gap in order to make bigger profits. Thus, to relieve Chinese patients from over-dependence on antibiotics, first the medical system needs to be reformed. Also, doctors moral codes need improving.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（10）篇Consumer TrustRecently journalists from China Central Television discovered 70 percent of residents in Beijing were unwilling to purchase domestic milk powder. Relevant departments say they are making greater efforts to supervise quality, and dairy businesses have also promised to ensure quality, to restore Chinese consumers confidence in domestic milk powder.The current predicament facing domestic milk power is a result of melamine contamination and leather milk incidents. Consumer trust can easily break down because of an accident or two, but restoring it is much more difficult.Frequent milk powder-related incidents have frightened consumers. They dont feel secure with domestic milk, and it is difficult for them to be compensated after buying adulterated milk products. To rebuild Chinese consumer trust, the key is to improve product quality and strengthen supervision.Its better for the relevant departments and dairy producers to direct their attention to product safety rather than complaining about consumers refusal to use domestic milk.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（11）篇Museum ConcernsFollowing the move to allow free admission to museums and memorials in 2008, Chinas Ministry of Culture has decided by the end of 2011 all national and provincial art museums will follow suit, together with public libraries and cultural centers. This is undoubtedly good news for the public. To ensure effective implementation of this good policy, three major things must be taken good care of: expenses, service and management.Past experience tells once these units begin to offer free service, operation will become a problem. To avoid the tragic fate of failure, there must be special fund allocation for this cause. The free admission policy is jointly issued by the Ministry of Culture and Ministry of Finance, so the involvement of the latter may help with sufficient capital provision, but how to ensure timely and effective use of the allocation still requires attention and supervision.In general, free admission will lead to a surging number of visitors. To receive more visitors is a good thing, but are these places still able to offer good service in face of so many visitors?Particularly for managers, a sharp increase in visitors will present a big challenge to their capability. If they do well, then everything is OK, but if not, its a pity for visitors who want to enjoy their tour.GONG DONG FENG宫东风老师精背A计划第（12）篇Pension CrisisDuring this years session of local legislature in Shanghai, pensions again became the focus of attention. In recent years, Shanghai has to input more than 10 billion yuans ($1.5 billion) fiscal subsidies into social security programs.The huge hole in pension and other social security fees obviously results from Shanghais large aging population. By 2008, Shanghai already had 3 million residents above the age of 60, accounting for 21.6 percent of residents of the Shanghai hukou, which is twice the rate of the national level. Meanwhile, Shanghais birth rate was the countrys lowest, staying in negative growth for 17 years.It is estimated that in 2050 Chinas elderly people will surpass 400 million, making up 30 percent of the total population. In this way, the problem facing Shanghai toda