英语习语与风俗习惯 (选修课作业).doc

英语习语与风俗习惯（Idiom Customs）1.饮食习俗对英语习语的影响（面包，牛油，果酱，牛奶，茶，奶酪）面包（bread）1 Earn one s bread谋生 e.g he earns his bread by working in a restaurant. 2 Bread and circuses 享受物质生活和精神生活 e.g Saturday is bread and circuses time .3 Bread and butter 必需品 e.g don t quarrel with your bread and butter .4 Take (the ) bread out of ones mouth 抢某人的饭碗 e.g if you do that ,youll taking the bread out of your fellow workers here .5 The greatest thing since sliced bread 比较受欢迎的人或事物 e.g i dont know why people think so highly of him :he only taught in America and he was just a teacher . 6 Know (on) which side ones bread is buttered 知道如何笼络人心7 Butter both sides of ones bread 从两边获利牛油（butter）1 Butter up (涂牛油)讨好，巴结2 （look at if ）butter wouldnt melt in ones mouth 装得很娇弱 e.g when a visiter comes in she smiles and languishes ,youd think that butter wouldnt melt in ones mouth .奶酪（cheese）1 Big cheese 大人物 e.g he said his goal was to become the big cheese in the company .2 Whole cheese 自以为自己很重要 e.g john said he was the whole cheese in the project because he thought the idea .3 Hard cheese4 Cheese cake 性感的女性果酱（jam）1 Like /want jam on it 希望好上加好2 Money for jam 容易做的事，容易赚的钱（no money for jam 不容易做的事）3 Jam tomorrow 兑现不了的承诺茶（tea）1 For all the tea in China .(多用于否定句中)报酬很多2 Cup of tea 喜欢的东西 e.g pop music is hardly my fathers cup of tea .3 A storm in a tea cup .小题大做 牛奶（milk）1 Milk for babies e.g this book is really milk for babies .2 Come (go)home with the milk 3 Theres no use crying over split milk馅饼（pie)1 As easy as pie e.g The exam was as easy as pie .2 Have a (ones )finger in every pie 在每件事情上都要参与 e.g she always wants to have a finger in the pie if the class organizes some activities .3 Eat humble pie 被迫低身下气的做一件事 e.g Tom told a lie about George ,and when he was found out ,he had to eat humble pie .4 Pie in the sky 不能保证实现的许诺 酒吧文化（pub） 啤酒（beer）1 Beer and skittles 悠闲自得的生活 e.g life is not only beer and skittles .2 Small beer （淡啤酒）指小人物，无关紧要的事 e.g the other girls seemed very small beer to me in comparison with her .3 Cry in ones beer (在酒里哭)指借酒消愁4 On the beer 烂醉如泥，狂欢5 Drink ones beer 让。闭嘴 e.g he kept talking all the time ,finally i had to ask him to drink his beer .酒吧其他现象1 Chalk it up 公布，公告 e.g the recorder chalked it up as soon as the athlete broke a record .2 Wipe the slate clean 了结旧账，既往不咎3 A clean slate 改过自新 e.g whatever his crimes ,every criminal who has come come out of prison should be allowed to start a new job with a clean slate .2. 宠物习俗对英语习语的影响狗（dog）a. 狗作名词用的习语1 Lucky dog 幸运的人2 Big dog 大亨3 Top dog /under dog 优胜者；左右全局的人4 Dead dog 没有用的人，没有价值的东西5 Dumb dog 沉默寡言的人6 Sea dog 老练的水手7 A bone of contention 争斗的原因8 With the tail between the legs 垂头丧气9 A shaggy dog story 冗长，杂乱的故事10 Lazy dog 懒汉b.狗作动词用的习语1 Sleep a dog-sleep 打盹儿，抽空睡一会1 Lead a dogs life 过着狗一样的生活2 Work like a dog 拼命工作3 Die dog for sb. 尽犬马之劳4 Let sleeping dog lie 莫惹是生非（wake a sleeping dog）5 Put on the dog 摆架子，妄自尊大 e.g because her father has two cars ,she is always putting on the dog . C.与狗有关的谚语1 Every dog has his day .人人都有得意时。2 Old dogs will learn no new tricks .老年人学不了新的东西。3 Give a dog an ill name and hang him .欲加之罪何患无辞。4 Beware of a silent dog and still water .提防那些不动声色的人。猫（cat）1 A cat has nine lives .吉人天相；猫有九条命2 Cat hide their claws(爪子) . 知人知面不知心。3 All cats are grey in the dark. 人在未成名时，很难看出有什么差别。4 A gloved cat catches no mice .四体不勤的人，什么事也做不了。5 There are more way of killing a cat than by choking it with butter .有的是办法；做某事的办法不止一种。3. 人名对英语习语的影响1 Jack 普通人；男人；男孩2 Every man Jack 人人，每个人3 Jill 常见的女子名4 Jack and Jill 小伙子与姑娘5 Jack of all traders and master of none .杂而不专。6 Jack of both sides .比喻“模棱两可的人，骑墙派”7 Jack the lad 【俚语】（青少年帮派中）头号人物8 Im all right ,Jack .人各有偶，有情人终成眷属9 Jack is as good as his master .伙计不比老板差。10 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy .意为：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。11 Before you could say Jack Robin