应用写作练习.doc

Applied Writing一、Letters（信函）信函的格式( Layout) 1. Heading or letterhead 信头 The senders address is written on the top right-hand side of the paper. The date is written below the senders address, sometimes separated from it by a space. Acceptable expressions of dates: 1) 11th January (,) 2005 2) 11 January (,) 2005 3) January 11 (,) 2005Unacceptable expressions of dates: 11.1.2005 (which means 11th January 2005 in the UK but 1st November 2005 in the USA) 2. Inside (or receivers) address信内地址 This is written below the senders address and on the opposite side of the page. Order of the inside address: Name of the person and / or company receiving the letter Name of house or buildingName of building and name of street or roadName of town or city and postcodeName of countryPunctuation: If the punctuation is used, each line of the address is followed by a comma except the last line. 3. Salutations（称呼） Dear Sirto a man whose name you do not know Dear Sirsto a company Dear Madamto a woman, whether single or married, whose name you dont know Dear Sir or Madamto a person of whom you dont know neither the name nor the sex Dear + courtesy title + the persons surname: Dear Mr Smith 4. The body of the letter（正文） This may be indented（首行缩进式）or blocked（齐头式）, which is a matter of choice. But whichever style you use, you must be consistent an use that style all through the letter. 5. Complimentary close（客套结束语） If the letter begins with Dear sir, Dear Sirs, Dear Madam, Dear Sir or Madam, it will close with Yours faithfully. If the letter begins with (Dear + ) the receivers name, e.g. Dar Mr smith, it will close with Yours sincerely, which is less formal and often used between acquaintances or friends. 6. Signature（签名） Always type your name after your handwritten signature. Even though you may think your signature is easy to read.（一）Application Letter（求职信）(I) 求职信的写作特点求职信属于正式信函，一般分为三段。第一段说明得知信息的渠道并说明写信的目的；第二段介绍本人的年龄、学历和与能胜任此职有关的经历和资格，要突出履历中的精华；第三段希望聘方给予考虑并提供联系方式。（II） 写求职信的常用套语如下：1I wish to apply for the position of cashier advertised in todays China Daily. 今天中国日报有招聘出纳员的广告，我想申请这一职位。2I am very interested in the position, and Im trying to apply for it. 对此职位很有兴趣，我想申请这一职位。3In reply to your advertisement in todays(newspaper) for a, I hasten to write this letter of application for the post. 看到你们在今天报纸上征聘一名的启事，我赶写这封信以谋求这一职位。4I believe that my ability and experience will fully qualify me for the position of . 我相信我有能力与经验担任这份工作。5I am enclosing my personal history which I believe will show you why I feel I can meet the requirements of a cashier in your company.现随函附上简历，我相信它会证明我能满足在贵公司担任出纳员的各种要求。6Have you an opening in your company for a young man who believes that he has something to offer? 有位年轻人认为他能够对贵公司有所贡献，贵公司能对他打开大门吗？7I should be grateful if you could give me an opportunity to try to serve you in the position. 如果能给我机会在这一岗位上为您效劳，我将不胜感激。8I hope you will take my case into your consideration.希望您能考虑我的申请。9I am sending you a summary of my qualifications. You will see that I have had several years experience in education.寄去个人资历一份，您可看到我具有几年的教育工作经验。10I think highly of your products that I would consider it an honor to represent your company.我对贵公司的产品评价很高，能成为贵公司的业务代表我将不胜荣幸。写求职信的常用结尾套语如下：1In the meanwhile, I would be glad to come to Milwaukee to see you whenever it is convenient.同时，我很高兴在您方便的时候去米尔沃依与您面谈。2If you wish to see me, I will be very pleased to come in for an interview. I can be reached after (3:00p.m.) at (7648697) any weekday.3I would like to discuss my qualifications in an interview at your convenience. Please write to me or telephone me at (7648697) any weekday.4I will be very happy to meet you at your convenience and provide any additional information you may need. You can reach me either at my home address or at (7648697)(telephone) or (7647643)(fax).5I look forward to meeting you soon in an interview. I can be contacted at my office (7648697). My fax number is (4931918) and my e-mail address is ().an opening for a technician 技术员的空缺a candidate for the job 求职者 job qualifications就业资格（III） 范例Dear Sir or Madam,I would like to apply for the position as a chemistry assistant advertised in Peoples Daily.I am 24 years of age. I graduated from Tianjin University with a B.S. in Chemistry. I have got two years of working experience as a teacher and I trust I am qualified to fill your position. I am enclosing a resume of my life history as you requested. Please send any application forms that you want me to fill out and let me know if you want an interview. I am looking forward to hearing from you and appreciate your consideration of my application. Yours faithfully,Song YingIV. 练习练习1. 2004年10月3日在中国日报看到贵公司招聘翻译人员的广告1）申请人：李杰，家住北京市大望路6号，邮编：100015。1998年毕业于北京外国语大学，毕业后一直从事英语教学和翻译工作，业余时间做过翻译工作，自信胜任各种口笔译工作。2） 随信附上个人简历并期待回复。 练习2说明：请以王曼丽的名义写一封求职信。王曼丽，24岁，毕业于北京技术学院，主修企业管理，各门课程都优良。学过速记和打字，速度各为每分钟90字和70字。请为她拟出一分给惠普公司人力资源部的求职信，希望能在该公司谋得总经理秘书一职。写信日期为2004年6月15日。Words for reference：Technical College技术学院，Business Administration企业管理，shorthand and typing速记与打字。 (二) Letter of Invitation (邀请信)(I) 邀请函的写作特点邀请函是日常生活和工作中常见的一种信函，具有简洁、热情的特点。写邀请函时需注意：1）礼貌、友好地发出邀请。2）清楚地写明邀请的原因、活动的时间以及地点。3）结尾时表示希望对方接受邀请。(II) 邀请信中常用到的句式： 1. Would you like to come to our dinner party on Saturday evening? 你愿意在周六晚上来参加我们的晚会吗？2. Would you care to come to our party? 你愿意来参加我们的聚会吗？3. I wonder if you would be able to join us for dinner tomorrow evening. 不知你明天晚上能否来和我们一起共进晚餐。该类信函的结尾常用以下套语：1. I shall be very glad/pleased if . 如果，我将非常高兴。2. It would be an honor to me if you would accept our invitation. 如果您愿意接受我们的邀请，我们将感到不胜荣幸。3. It would be a great pleasure to me if . 如果，对我来说，那是一件非常愉快的事。(III) 范例范例1June 6, 2005Dear Meilin,We have just decided to spend a holiday on the beach this weekend. As we have a spare seat in the car, we think you may be interested in joining us. We remember you said you were fond of seawater bath though you could not swim. Now heres the chance. Besides, well do our best to help you learn how to swim. Also, we can take a sunbath together. Please let us know if you would like to go with us and then well arrange when to start. Well be pleased if you say you can come.Love,Joe & Rose范例2 410 Zhong Shan Bei Yi Rd Shanghai 200083 China 26 October, 2005Dear Peter, Thank you for your letter which arrived yesterday. Im really pleased to learn that youre coming to our country again. Would you like to come and stay with us while youre here? Youd be welcome to stay as long as you like.Luckily Ill be on holiday when youre in China, so I could show you round. Shanghai is an interesting and lovely city. Theres quite a bit of night life and there are a lot of places of interest if you like that sort of thing. Of course, there are plenty of shopping places.Im really looking forward to seeing you again. Please write soon and say when you can come. Yours, Li Hong(IV) 练习练习1 写一封邀请信，邀请你的朋友到你家住几天。练习2假设你的老板Mr. Howard想邀请Mr. Smith以及他的雇员参加十二月三十一日，星期四，晚八点在假日饭店(Holiday Inn)二楼舞厅举行的化装舞会(costume dance)。请你为他写一封邀请信。练习3 请按照下列提示写一封邀请信和回复信。 Letter 1发信人：张玲内容：1. 邀请Jane暑假期间到北京来度假 2. 陪同她游览长城、故宫、颐和园等 3. 请回信告知是否能来 写信日期：2003年6月25日 Letter 2回信人：内容：1. 感谢并接受张玲的邀请 2决定7月初来北京 回信日期：2003年6月30日 Words for reference: 长城the Great Wall 故宫the Imperial Palace 颐和园 the Summer Palace (三) Letters of Thanks（感谢信）(I) 感谢信的写作特点收到别人赠送的礼物，或得到别人的某种帮助后，都应写信表示感谢。感谢信的特点是：时间及时、简明扼要、着重事由、感谢真诚。(II) 可套用的句式有：1. I would like to thank you for your kindness / supports; 2. Id like to express our sincere thanks for; 3. It was kind and generous of you to.(II) 范例范例Dear Chen Jianping,Im writing to thank you for those two wonderful days in Beijing. I will always remember this visit. Before I arrived, I was a little anxious. I didnt know what to expect. But I had no need to worry. You gave me a very warm welcome and I soon felt at home. I will never forget your kindness and hospitality. And thank you, also, for arranging so many interesting things. The visits to the Great Wall, the Imperial Palace and the Summer Palace were unforgettable. It was very kind of you to do all this for me and I appreciate it more than I can say. Yours sincerely, Paula (III）练习你的供应商(supplier) Mr Johns昨晚邀请你共进晚餐。请你写一封感谢信，表达你对他好客(hospitality)的谢意，并告知他你十分珍惜和他的公司建立的长期合作关系(long-established relationship)，希望来年增加业务往来。(四) Letter of Apology（致歉信）(I) 致歉信的写作特点在日常生活中难免会出现一些差错。如失约、误解或损坏了别人的东西等。在这种情况下，应及时写信表示歉意，以消除不必要的误会。道歉信与普通书信的格式基本相同，但应注意态度要诚恳，原委要解释清楚，措辞要委婉。也可以提出具体的弥补或者解决办法。(II) 该类信函常用套语如下：1. I must apologize to you for . 我必须向你道歉，因为。2. I regret to tell you that . 我很抱歉地告诉你。3. Im write to you to express my deep regret. 我写此信向你表示深深的歉意。4. Im writing to you to ask you to excuse me for . 我写此信请求你原谅我。5. Im very/terribly sorry to tell you that . 很非常道歉地告诉你。6. Please accept my sincere apology. 请接受我诚挚的歉意。7. I hope you will accept my apology.希望您能接受我们的道歉。(III) 范例May 6th, 2005Dear Zhao Qiang: I am terribly sorry to tell you that I have lost the valuable book “Spoken English” you were so kind to lend me last week. I read it every evening and finished it last night. I intended to return it today, but when I came to my room, it was nowhere to be found. I tried to recover it everywhere, but I failed to find it, so I will get a new copy for you.But I am afraid it can never take the place of the old one. Old books are like old friends. Once lost, they can never be replaced. And for this irrecoverable (无法弥补) loss, I am to blame. I was so careless with my things. This is a warning to me to be more careful in future.Please accept my sincere apologies. Yours,Gao Ming (IV) 练习练习1请给IBM的销售经理Martin Hill (marketing manager) 写一封道歉信，对没有及时回复他以前的两封要求计算机键盘的供货单(quotation for the supply of computer keyboard)的信表示歉意。解释这是因为办公室装修(decorate) 而产生的延误(delay)，并将所需清单附上。 练习2 致：斯考特（Scott）公司 收到贵公司2003年3月20日的来信，感谢向我公司订购100台计算机。很抱歉，目前我公司没有这么多机器。我公司已向厂家订货。下月即将到货，届时我们将及时通知贵方。希望保持联系。 销售部经理：John Cooper （五）Letter of Sympathy (慰问信)(I) 慰问信的写作特点亲友生病、受伤或由于某种不幸事件蒙受了损失，应该写信表示慰问。写慰问信时一定要围绕一个中心，那就是使收信人从得到大安慰和鼓舞，不要随信写上一些不相关的事情。总之，慰问信要规范、简短、感情真挚。(II) 该类信函常用套语如下：正文开头常用以下套语：1Sorry to learn your failure in . 得知你在中失败，深感遗憾。2I was sorry to hear that . 听说，我很难过。3I regret to hear that . 听说，我感到遗憾。4I was very sorry to learn the bad news that . 听到的不幸消息，我非常难过。5I couldnt find words to express how sad I was when I learned that . 得悉，悲伤之情难以言表。6What a shame you failed in . 你在中失利，多么令人惋惜。7It was with great sorrow that I learned the bad news that . 得悉的不幸消息，感到十分悲伤。正文中安慰对方常用以下套语：1I know how sad you must be, but I hope you will take good care of yourself. 我知道你一定非常悲伤，望你多加保重。2It was bad news, but Im sure things will turn better soon. 这是个坏消息，但我相信不久情况就会好转的。3Im sure your trouble will be over soon. 我相信不久困难就会过去的。4I hope you will be able to get over your trouble soon. 我相信不久你能摆脱困境。5I could imagine how sorry you are, but I do want you to take it easy. 我能想像你有多么难过，但希望你千万要放宽心。6I hope things will be all right soon. 我希望不久一切都会好的。7You must promise me not to worry too much. 你必须答应我不要过分忧虑。正文结尾时常用以下套语：1Please let me know if theres anything that I can do for you. 有什么事要我做，请告诉我。2Do tell me if I can be of any help/service to you. 如果我能帮你一点忙，务必告知。3Dont hesitate to ask for my help if you need me. 如果要帮助，尽管说，不必犹豫。4Ill be glad to give you as much help as I can. 我会乐意尽力帮助你的。5If you need any help from me, just call me and Ill be ready to come. 如果需要我的帮助，只要来个电话，我随时会来。(III) 范例March 6, 2001Dear David: Im very sorry to hear of your failure in the final examination. I know you must feel discouraged. But that is not necessary. I know you are a hardworking student. Id like to suggest that you should always ask “why”. If you are not clear about the points in your study, review them or write them down and ask your teacher or classmates. Im sure youll catch up with the other students next term. Please feel free to ask for my help if you need it.Yours,Martin(IV) 练习就下述内容写一封慰问信：你的一位朋友在车祸中受伤，你去信表示慰问。（六）Letters of Hotel Reservations (旅馆预定信) (I) 预定信的写作特点 此信函形式曾以E-Mail的形式出现在PRETCO考试中，说明其应用性和考查性极强。信函内容应包括几个方面：预定目的、用房时间和数量、特殊要求、价位限制等。1）预定房间人自我介绍；2）预定房间的目的：如个人需求，团体会议，旅游团队；3）用房时间：包括拟到达日期和星期几及预计居留时间；4）用房数量：包括团队人数及预定客房间数；5）特殊要求：房间规格；6）写信人联系方式：可注明电话、传真和电邮。(II) 范文 Singapore Polytechnic 154 Clement RD Singapore May 11, 2004 Palmer House Hotel21 East Monroes St.Chicago, IL 60603Attention: Reservation DepartmentI would like to make a reservation at your hotel. The party is composed of 24 students and two tutors. Please reserve eight rooms with three single beds for our students and two rooms with single beds for our tutors, i.e. ten rooms altogether.We are coming for an international model ship competition. The competition will begin on July 20th and we will be arriving four days earlier, that is Monday, July 16th. We will be staying for at least eight nightsfrom the 16th to the 23rd. And if we enter the final we would stay two more nights.We would need a lecture room which is equipped with a computer, projecting apparatus, and a video player.Please send me a written confirmation of this reservation and the price offer for the guestrooms by May 30th. My e-mail address is wchensingpoly.ed. Yours faithfully,(signature)Wayne Chen (III) 练习练习1 假设你是ABC公司（No.6, Zhongshan Rd. GuangZhou）的经理助理（assistant to the manager），要为经理及其夫人还有公司的财务主任（Finance Director）在Willis Hotel（102，West Avenue，London）预定一间单人房和一间双人房，都带浴室（showers），最好在顶楼。需住两晚，即8月11，12日晚。此一行人将于8月11日下午5：30抵达旅馆。 ABC Company No.6, Zhongshan Rd. Guang Zhou 练习2 请按E-Mail的格式完成这封旅馆预定信。写信人：Zhang Hong；写信时间：2004年11月10日；收信单位：Reservation Office of Hilton Hotel；电子邮件地址：groupsalesH；入住时间:2004年11月15日至17日；预定房间：一个带浴室的单人房间，三个带浴室的双人房间。将于11月16日下午租用会议室一间，进行业务洽谈。请尽早回复，告知是否有空房（vacancy）、房价及是否需要预付押金（pay a deposit）等。(七) Complaining Letters（投诉信）(I) 投诉信的写作特点在日常生活中，人们常常会由于产品质量不好或对售后服务不满意而感到烦恼，这时可以写投诉信求得解决。投诉信与普通书信的格式基本相同。写信时要注意态度诚恳、直截了当。记住，写信的目的是为求得一个解决问题的方法而不是为了泄愤。(II) 投诉信的开头常用以下套语：1I regret to tell you that. 我遗憾地告诉你。2I am very sorry to remind you that. 我非常遗憾地提醒你。3Im writing to complain of bad quality of. 我写此信对的低劣的服务质量提出申诉。4Im writing to complain of the poor service of. 我非常遗憾地对的低劣的服务质量提出申诉。5Im sorry that I have to point out that. 我很遗憾，我不得不指出。投诉信的结尾常用以下套语：1I choose to complain to you because Im sure you will be able to have the problem solved. 我执意向你投诉，因为我相信你能使这个问题得到解决。2 Im sorry to give you the trouble, but Im sure you will be kind enough to put the wrongs right. 我很遗憾，给你带来了麻烦，但我相信你会作出正确处理的。3 Sorry if I bring you any trouble, but Id like to make it clear that. 如果我给你们带来了麻烦，我表示遗憾，但我要表明。4 Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible. 希望此事很快能够得到解决。5 Im looking forward to receiving your early reply. 盼望接到你的回信。(III) 范例范例1February 28, 2001Dear Mr. Manager, Im writing to complain about the poor service in your store. Yesterday I was caught in a heavy shower and then entered your shop. When I found a gold ring which I liked, I asked a lady assistant (No.13) to show me the ring but she refused to serve me. Evidently she thought I was not the one who could afford it for I was not very well-dressed. I choose to complain to you because Im sure youll be able to make her understand how to serve as a shop assistant. Yours faithfully,Wang Hua范例2 5th July, 2005Dear Sir, I am writing to you about a shirt which I bought from your shop while on holiday this summer. When I took it out of the bag and examined it closely, I found a large hole at the side and one button was missing. As you will realize, I was extremely upset to discover all this. At your prices, I expect top quality!I am returning the shirt with this letter and look forward to receiving a full refund of 124 yuan. Yours faithfully, Li Ming(IV) 练习练习1 就下述内容写一封投诉信： 你在某家商店购买了一双皮鞋，穿了不到一个月就坏了，你去信要求这家商店退货赔款。 练习2 请就下述内容写一封投诉信。 你（Wang Gang）上个月去上海出差时，在书店买了一本英汉辞典。回家后仔细翻阅时发现缺了几十页，非常恼火。随信将辞典寄去，要求换一本好的并尽快寄来。 练习3 请你写一封致Horace超市（101，Main Street，Michigan 48248）的投诉信。信中说明你上周在该超市购得一台洗衣机，当时机器运转正常，但昨天在家中机器发出噪音。这台洗衣机在该超市保修期为一年（one-year guarantee），你向超市咨询维修事宜。 （八）Replying to