科学合理的规划设计保护现有绿化成果推广节约用水技术确保节约型园林建设的可持续发展

科学合理的规划设计保护现有绿化成果推广节约用水技术确保节约型园林建设的可持续发展随着经济快速增长和城镇化的加速，城市发展与耕地紧张、水资源短缺、生态系统脆弱等环境承载力的矛盾日益突出，成为制约城市可持续发展的因素之一。建设节约型园林绿化，是实现城市建设可持续发展的必然要求。With the acceleration of economic growth and urbanization, the contradiction of city development and land, the shortage of water resources, ecological system is fragile environmental capacity is increasingly prominent, has become one of the factors that restrict the sustainable development of the city. The construction of a conservation-oriented landscape, is the inevitable requirement of realizing the sustainable development of city construction.一、节约型园林绿化的重要性One, the importance of conservation-oriented landscape1、资源匮乏要求建设节约型城市园林绿化1, lack of resources calls for the construction of landscaping conservation-oriented city社会经济和城市建设的快速发展与资源日益匮乏的矛盾，成为我国实现可持续发展的主要制约因素，建设节约型社会势在必行。城市园林绿化是城市重要的基础设施，是改善城市生态环境的主要载体，其建设、养护过程要消耗大量的水资源、土地、电能，因此要大力提倡走节约型城市园林绿化建设的道路。The rapid development of social economy and the contradiction between resources and the increasing scarcity of city construction, become the main factor restricting the sustainable development of our countrys construction of a conservation-oriented society, be imperative. City landscape is the important infrastructure of city, is the main carrier to improve the citys ecological environment, the construction, maintenance process consumes a lot of water resources, land, energy, so we should vigorously promote walking city landscaping building a conservation-minded road.2、节约型社会提倡建设节约型城市园林绿化2, to promote the construction of conservation-oriented society Economical City Landscaping建设节约型城市园林绿化是建设节约型社会的重要内容。近年来，园林绿化建设存在注重视觉效果、忽略综合效益的现象，不但造成水、土、植物等资源的严重浪费，还使本土景观严重丧失，这些与我国倡导的发展节约型社会的精神背道而驰，因此，要大力提倡建设节约型城市园林绿化，促进城市建设健康发展。The construction of a conservation-oriented city landscape is the important content of the construction of a conservation-oriented society. In recent years, landscape construction pays attention to visual effects, ignoring the comprehensive benefit of the phenomenon, not only cause serious waste of water, soil, plant resources, but also make the local landscape serious loss, draw further apart, the initiative and the development of our country economy society spirit so, to vigorously promote construction of conservation-oriented city landscape, and promote the healthy development of city construction.3、可持续发展需要建设节约型城市园林绿化3, sustainable development needs of the construction of conservation-oriented city landscaping园林绿化建设、养护中的各种资源浪费，不仅增加了建设投资、养护费用，且严重阻碍了园林绿化事业的可持续发展。建设节约型城市园林绿化不仅是可持续发展的要求，也是促进园林绿化行业进一步提高水平的原动力。All kinds of waste of resources and landscape construction, maintenance, not only increased the construction investment, maintenance costs, and seriously hinder the sustainable development of landscape. The construction of a conservation-oriented city landscape is not only the requirements of sustainable development, but also promote the landscaping industry impetus to further enhance the level of.二、节约型园林绿化实施的途径Route two, the implementation of conservation-oriented landscape1、科学合理的规划设计1, the scientific and reasonable planning and design科学合理的城市园林绿化规划设计是节约型城市园林绿化建设的前提和保障。因此，严格按照绿地系统的规划要求，以大环境为依托，可充分利用河流、河涌、农业经济园、园林苗圃、自然山地等自然条件，把自然引入城市，营造“自然中有城市，城市里有自然”的生态景观和风貌。Scientific and reasonable city landscape planning and design is the premise and guarantee of economical landscape construction of the city. Therefore, in strict accordance with the requirements of green space system planning, the environment, can make full use of the river, river, agricultural economic Park, garden nursery, natural mountains and other natural conditions, the nature into city, city create a natural, natural ecological landscape and landscape in the city.2、合理使用土地和保护现有园林绿化用地2, the rational use of land and the protection of the existing landscape.按照城市绿地系统的规划要求，切实控制好城市园林绿化用地，防止园林绿化用地被挪作他用。要大力提倡和推进城市土地资源的合理使用，对于公园、城市公共绿地的建设，有条件的地方应尽量利用现有的环境自然资源，如丘陵山地、城市河道和河涌，自然林带和植被、园林绿化生产苗圃等，创造出低成本投入、高性价比的节约型城市园林绿化建设的科学方法。在进行城市园林绿化建设时，要保护和尽量减少在原有绿地上对植物的迁移，避免重复建设。In accordance with the requirements of city green space system planning, effectively control the city garden green land, to prevent the garden green land diverted. We should vigorously advocate and promote city land resources reasonable use, construction for the park, city public green space, conditional place should as far as possible use of natural resources available, such as hills and mountains, rivers and streams in the city, the natural forest and vegetation, landscape greening production nurseries, landscape construction of a conservation-oriented city scientific methods to create a low cost, high performance-price ratio. In the city landscape construction, to protect and to reduce as far as possible in the original space of plant migration, avoid to repeat construction.3、生态优先保护现有绿化成果Priority to the protection of existing green 3, ecological在开展城市园林绿化建设时，要注意保护和利用好城市中现有的公共绿地、林地、河流、河涌、湿地等城市所依托的大环境。实施对城市中的大树、古树、防护林带等进行保护，坚持城市园林植物景观的多样性、生态性、统一性和文化性等可持续发展原则。在城市园林绿化建设中要尽量保持城市的地域和地貌特色，要保护好原有树木，反对过分人工化的城市园林绿化改造和建设。在城市道路建设或改造时，合理选择树种，提倡多用本地树种，切忌重复建设。In the development of city landscape construction, pay attention to the protection and use of city of existing public green space, forest, rivers, rivers, wetlands and other city by relying on the environment. The implementation of the city of trees, old trees, shelter belts, protection, insist on diversity, ecology, unity and culture of the principles of sustainable development city garden plant landscape. In order to keep the citys geographical and geomorphological features in the landscape construction in the city, to protect the existing trees, against excessive artificial landscaping of city transformation and construction. In the city road construction or renovation, reasonable selection of the tree species, advocate the use of local tree species, avoid to repeat construction.4、因地制宜提倡使用乡土植物4, suit ones measures to local conditions to promote the use of native plants城市园林绿化建设时，要以乡土植物为主，兼容已长期驯化的外来植物。根据各种植物的生态习性和环境要求，做到“适地适树”。要根据生物多样性原则，做好乡土植物品种的选优和节水耐旱型新优植物材料的引进，以及野生植被的开发利用。乡土植物无论是乔木、灌木，还是地被植物，由于其地域性的原因，在长势、耐旱节水、降低成本等诸方面都是很好的选择。充分挖掘城市绿地资源的生态景观效益，对营造具有本土特色的自然生态型的城市园林景观和自然环境，具有重要的意义。City landscape construction, should give priority to native plants, compatible with exotic plants has long acclimation. According to the variety of plant ecological habits and environmental requirements, be appropriate tree. According to the principle of biodiversity, do local plant species selection and water-saving type new plant material is introduced, and the development and utilization of wild vegetation. Native plants regardless of trees, shrubs, or ground cover plants, because of its regional, in growth, drought resistance, reduce the cost and other aspects are all good choices. Fully tap the city green land resources ecological landscape benefits, with local characteristics to create natural ecological city landscape and natural environment, has important significance.5、科学合理进行植物配置5, scientific and reasonable disposition of plants在绿化植物配植方面，既要注重园林绿化与环境的协调，又考虑降低绿化种植的养护成本；既要体现城市地方特色，又要提高抗污、净污能力以及生态效益，有效地降低城市园林绿化用材消耗。要以绿为主，造型为辅，对于城市门户绿地、滨河绿地、大型休闲绿地、近郊绿地等植物配置要以“环境效益上追求大生态，绿地布置上追求大绿化，艺术构思上追求大景观”。要充分认识地域性自然景观中植物景观的形成过程和演变规律，并顺应这一规律进行植物配置。尽量少做植物人工化的修剪和造型，要以乔木为主，灌木为辅，结合立体绿化、天台绿化等。对于城市道路绿化In green plants, it is necessary to pay attention to coordination of landscape and environment, but also consider reducing the maintenance cost of planting; bo