核电专业英语试题库来自工程公司.doc

核电专业英语试题库Lesson 1 The basic Concepts for Nuclear Physics1. A nucleon is composed of protons and neutrons, and constitutes practically all the mass of the atom. （ ）key:type: judgment question2. In the nuclear reactions mass and energy is interchanged. ( )key:type: judgment question3.Capturing gamma radiation is a result of fission. ( )key:type: judgment question4.The binding force acts only when the nucleons are ( )A. large B. close to each other C. similar D. excitedkey: Btype: single-choice question5.Atoms having the same atomic number Z,but different numbers of neutrons N are called ( ) of the element.A. nuclei B. isotopes C. units D. masseskey: Btype: single-choice question6. The excited nuclei become de-excited by emission of ( )A.-rays or particles B.X-rays C. energy D. deuteronskey: Atype: single-choice question7.The protons and neutrons are called ( )A. nuclei B. isotopes C. nucleons D. atomskey: Ctype: single-choice question8.Fission in uranium-238 can be caused by neutrons of ( )A. is easy B. can be caused by neutrons of 0.1Mev C. can be caused by neutrons of 1.5Mev D. never realizekey: Ctype: single-choice question9.( ) are emitted during fission and the possibility of a chain reaction is realized.A. Elements B. Fragments C. -rays D. Neutronskey: Dtype: single-choice question10.Which are the fissile nuclei among the following isotopes? ( )A. 233U B. 235U C. 239Pu D. 238Ukey: A,B,C type: multiple-choice questionLesson 2 Radiation11. The -rays has many charges. （ ）key:type: judgment question12.Low energy neutrons usually interact with nucleus more difficult than high energy neutrons. ( )key:type: judgment question13.In the photoelectric effect, the photon is ( ).A. produced B. found C. eliminated D. increasedkey: Ctype: single-choice question14.Beta particles presents ( ) shielding problem.A. no B. no serious C. a D. seriouskey: Btype: single-choice question15.When radioactive isotopes decay the ( ) are formed.A. protons B. daughter products C. radioactive isotopes D. neutron and electronkey: Btype: single-choice question16.Alpha particles can ( ) the outer layer of skin of the body.A. penetrate B. pass C. be accelerated D. be stopped bykey: Dtype: single-choice question17.Beta particles are capable of producing ( ) as they penetrate a substance.A. large amounts of ionization B. energy C. photons D. particleskey: Atype: single-choice question18.Alpha particles are ( ) in their motion than electrons.A. faster B. slower C. heavier D. less readily deflectedkey: Dtype: single-choice question19. The interaction between gamma rays with matter includes ( ).A. photon-electron scattering B. Slowing by atoms C. photoelectric effect D. electron-positron production key: A,C,D type: multiple-choice questionLesson 3 Nuclear Reactions20. We let the macroscopic cross section be labeled .（ ）key: type: judgment question21.The energy released in nuclear reaction is about a million times as great as for the chemical reaction. ( )key: type: judgment question22.There are several similarities between nuclear and chemical reactions, such as( )A. the same energy released B. conservation of charge C. conservation of particles number involved D. conservation of mass-energykey: B,C,Dtype: multiple-choice questionLesson 4 Nuclear Materials23.Hydrogen and deuterium, being gases, are suitable moderators. （ ）key:type: judgment question24.Boron is the most common materials for controlling reactors. ( )key:type: judgment question25.Beryllium as fuel cladding ( ) in power reactor.A. is used B. use C. has been used D. hasnt been usedkey: Dtype: single-choice question26.Liquid metals are potentially excellent reactor ( )A. moderator B. structure material C. coolant D. materialkey: Ctype: single-choice question27.Uranium dioxide can ( ) high burnups.A. not to be used B. be used to C. use to D. be used with key: Btype: single-choice question28.During common reactor operation zirconium ( )steam.A. reacted with B. cannot react with C. can react with D. cannot be reactedkey: Btype: single-choice question29.Uranium in ( ) form can be used as fuel material for water cooled reactors.A. pure uranium B. uranium dioxide C. uranium hexafluoride D. uranium carbidekey: A,B,Dtype: multiple-choice question30.The choice of moderator for thermal reactors is mainly limited to the following materials :( )A. water B. beryllium C. heavy water D. graphitekey: A,C,Dtype: multiple-choice question31.对热堆而言，水作为慢化剂显然是一种最显而易见的，同时水还能作为冷却剂。它有优秀的慢化性能，因此用水作慢化剂的热堆，比其它的热堆有更紧凑的堆芯结构。key: Water is an obvious choice for the moderator of thermal reactor, and it can also serve as the coolant. It has excellent neutron slowing down properties which enable water moderated reactors to have much more compact cores than are possible in other types of thermal reactors.type: translation32.不同形式的铀是核反应堆中最常用的一种燃料。它既可以以金属铀形式使用，也可以以铀的化合物，如二氧化铀或碳化铀的形式使用。key: Uranium in one form or another is by far the most common fuel material for nuclear reactor. It can be used either as pure uranium, a metal, or as a compound such as UO2 or UC.type: translationLesson 5 The Theory of Nuclear Reactor33.Uranium-238 and thorium-232 are good fissile materials. （ ）key:type: judgement question34.If the multiplication factor is less than one the reactor is supercritical. ( )key:type: judgement question35.In the PWR ( ) is necessary to achieve critical.A. uranium B. naturally uranium C. high enriched uranium D. slightly enriched uraniumkey: Dtype: single-choice question36.The fast reactor contain no ( ).A. uranium B. moderator C. coolant D. thermal neutronkey: Btype: single-choice question37.If the breeding ratio is much less 1, then ( ) is used up.A. most of the available uranium B. no uranium C. a lot of uranium D. only a fraction of the available uraniumkey: Dtype: single-choice question38.When the first fuel charged is unloaded from the reactor it contains ( ) than it had loaded.A. more plutonium-239 B. more uranium-235 C. more uranium-238 D. less plutoniumkey: Atype: single-choice question39.Nowadays most of commercial reactor use the slightly enriched uranium with ( ) to ( ) percent of 235U as fuel. A. 20 B. 5 C. 2 D. 90 key: C / Btype: multiple-choice question40.It is the purpose of reactor theory to analyze the various processes in a reactor, determine their rates and calculate for a given composition and size of core the value of the multiplication factor. Alternatively the calculation may be directed towards finding the critical size or composition of a reactorfor a given value of the multiplication factor.key: 核反应堆理论的任务就是分析反应堆的各种反应过程，已知反应堆堆芯临界尺寸和组分，计算它的有效增值系数或反过来，已知有效增值系数，计算反应堆的临界尺寸和组分。type: translationLesson 6 The Nuclear Reactor Concepts41.In a power reactor the energy production depends on moderator. （ ）key:type: judgment question42.The time of the operating fuel cycle is about several years. ( )key:type: judgment question43.A thin zircaloy tube is filled with ( ).A. fuel pellets and helium B. pellets C. helium D. uraniumkey: Atype: single-choice question44.The liquid sodium is a good ( ) in the reactor.A. moderator B. fertile material C. coolant D. blanketkey: Ctype: single-choice question45.Uranium is ( ) quantity in sea water.A. not present any B. present large C. present small D. somekey: Ctype: single-choice question46.The depleted uranium is valuable in ( ).A. PWR B. heavy water reactor C. a breeder blanket D. tested reactorkey: Ctype: single-choice question47.There are two kinds of fuel recycle ways, those are: ( )A. 235U-236U B. 232Th-233U C. 238U-240Pu D. 238U-239Pukey: B,Dtype: multiple-choice question48.Uranium as an energy resource will mainly depend on the following factors :( )A. the extent of uranium resource B. the way its used C. public acceptant D. the costkey: A,B,Ctype: multiple-choice question49.The total of 3.65 million tons of uranium which includes RAR and EAR-1 up to costs of 130/kgU are regarded as the resource which the nuclear industry can be confident will be available for the thermal reactor program of next few decades.key: 包括RAR和EAR-1在内的总计3.65兆吨、每千克价值130美元的铀被核工业部门认为可供未来几十年的热堆的发展使用。type: translationLesson 7 Nuclear Reactor Thermohydraulics50.The maximum permissible temperature of the fuel is one of the most important factors in the design of thermal reactor. （ ）key: type: judgment question51.During operation the highest temperature in the reactor is in the center of fuel rod. ( )key: type: judgment question52.The departure from nucleate boiling is a kind of critical heat flux. ( )key: type: judgment question53.During nucleate boiling, the small increase in the heated surface temperature makes the heat flux decreases. （ ）key:type: judgment question54.To determine the maximum temperature, the calculated temperature drops are multiplied by ( ).A. fuel temperature B. hot-channel factors C. hot pot D. liquid temperaturekey: Btype: single-choice question55.In a thermal reactor the heat release due to fission ( ) in the fuel.A. takes place mostly B. mostly C. doesnt take place D. all takes placekey: Atype: single-choice question56.The power of the reactors is limited by the ( ) channel.A. center B. out C. largest D. hottestkey: Dtype: single-choice question57.The inlet temperature ( ) all channels.A. is different for B. is changed to C. is same for D. is mixed betweenkey: Ctype: single-choice question58.The mainly heat transmission modes in nuclear reactor are :( )A. flashing B. convection 对流 C. radiation D. conduction 传到key: B, Dtype: multiple-choice question59.The assumption that all the heat released due to fission takes place in the fuel overestimates ( ).A. fuel temperature B. coolant temperature C. cladding temperature D. above allkey: A, Ctype: multiple-choice question60.The derivation of the equations for the temperatures of the components of a reactor has been based on the assumption that ideal conditions exist in which all the factors which determine the temperatures are known exactly. This is of course seldom the case in a real engineering system, and in a nuclear reactor factors such as the distortion of neutron flux, incorrect distribution of the coolant flow in the channels or slight variations in the dimensions of the fuel or cladding can cause calculated values of the temperatures to be incorrect.key: 反应堆内各部件的温度方程的导出基于这样一种假设：即在理想条件下，所有决定温度的因素都是精确掌握的。当然，在实际的工程系统中，这是不太可能的。在反应堆中，有些因素诸如通量的畸变，冷却剂流量的不合理分布以及燃料和包壳形状的些微变化都会导致温度计算不准确。type: translationLesson 10 Pressurized Water Reactor61.Criticality over the reactor lifetime is achieved by control rods. （ ）key:type: judgment question62.When the CEA is inserted, the reactivity is withdrawn. ( )key:type: judgment question63.The reactor core in PWR is located below the inlet and outlet nozzles. （ ）key: type: judgment question64.Primary system water enters the reactor vessel through the inlet nozzles, then travels downward in ( ).A. the tube B. the annular space C. the vessel D. the low plenumkey: Btype: single-choice question65.The MICDS means ( ).A. Movable In-core Data System B. Miniature In-core Detectors C. Movable In-core Detectors D. More In-core Data Systemkey: Ctype: single-choice question66.Chemical shim control is employed as ( ) reactivity control.A. supplementary means of B. the most important C. emergency D. normalkey: Atype: single-choice question67.The pressurizer is connected by ( ) to the hot leg.A. a small pipe B. a valve C. a surge line D. a U tubekey: Ctype: single-choice question68.Control of the core power distribution and reactivity is achieved by a combination of :( )A. control rods B. chemical shim C. pressurizer D. burnable absorber rodskey: A,B,Dtype: multiple-choice questionLesson 11 Reactor Vessel and Internals69.Within the reactor vessel the core barrel is a support structure. （ ）key: type: judgment question70.The fission threshold detectors monitor the neutron flux. ( )key: type: judgment question71.The fuel assemblies are put on the lower support structure. ( )key:type: judgment question72.The core support barrel assembly is supported by its lower end. （ ）key:type: judgment question73.The reactor vessel is ( ) with a ledge on the inside surfaceA. shell section B. forged ring C. forged plate D. hemispherical forgingkey: Btype: single-choice question74.The space between the core shroud and the core support barrel is filled with ( ).A. fuel B. helium C. neutrons D. coolantkey: Dtype: single-choice question75.The closure head is joined to the reactor vessel by ( ).A. bolting B. welding C. forging D. joiningkey: Atype: single-choice question76.The reactor vessel is a large ( ), steel made container.A. safety B. movable C. cylindrical D. longkey: Ctype: single-choice question77.The reactor vessel consists of ( )A. a vessel flange B. shell sections C. a bottom head D. reactor vessel internalkey: A,B,Ctype: multiple-choice question78.The core support barrel assembly consists of : ( )A. a vessel flange B. lower support structure C. core shroud D. core support barrel key: B,C,Dtype: multiple-choice question79.在通常的压水堆中，堆芯采用轻水作慢化剂和冷却剂。堆芯放置在巨大的压力容器中，压力容器的顶盖可拆卸。key: In the most common type of pressurized water reactor, the light water-moderated and cooled core is contained within a large pressure vessel with a removable head. type: translationLesson 12 Reactor Core and Fuel80.After long time radiation, the boron carbide will decrease in mass. （ ）key:type: judgment question81.The fuel assemblies used in a reactor are same. ( )key:type: judgment question82.The fuel rod provides three barriers to the escape of fission products.key:type: judgment question83.The heat is transferred by the reactor coolant from the core to the ( ).A. second loop B. outlet nozzles C. steam generators D. pressurizerkey: Ctype: single-choice question84.The helium inside the fuel cladding improves the ( ).A. characteristics B. gap heat conductivity C. gap heat convection D. clad strainkey: Dtype: single-choice question85.The fuel spacer grids are made of ( ).A. stiff arches B. springs C. plates D. zircaloy stripskey: Dtype: single-choice question86.In the fuel rod the spring is set on the ( ).A. pellet column B. spacer disc C. end cap D. topkey: Btype: single-choice question87.Each fuel rod consists of UO2 pellets , ( )A. a helical spring B. a guide tube C. a cladding tube D. upper and lower spacer discskey: A,C,Dtype: multiple-choice question88.堆芯活性区的所有结构材料，包括控制棒导向管和定位格架，都是锆-4合金，这种材料可以减小对堆芯燃料富集度的要求。key: All of the structural materials in active core zone, including the CEA guide tubes and spacer grids, are Zircaloy, which minimizes the enriched uranium requirement of the core.type: translation89.The fuel assembly lower end fittings contain coolant flow holes. Alignment of the lower end and support of the assembly is provided by the core support structure. Lateral location of upper end of each fuel assembly is provided by the lower ends of the control element shroud tubes which extend downward from the alignment plate which is part of the guide structure above the core. Fuel assembly positioning is accomplished by the control element shroud tube extensions into which the fuel assembly extension is guided.keys: 燃料组件的下管座上有冷却剂流水孔，燃料组件下端的连接和支撑由堆芯支持结构提供。每个燃料组件上端的横向连接由控制棒导向筒的下端提供，燃料组件沿着控制棒导向筒所指引的方向伸出，这样就使燃料元件得到定位。type: translation90.Each fuel rod consists of slightly enriched dish-ended UO2 pellets, upper and lower spacer discs, a cladding tube, upper and lower end caps, and a helical spring.keys: 每个燃料棒由带有碟型凹窝的浓缩二氧化铀芯块、上下各热点片、包壳管、上下端塞和螺旋弹簧组成。type: translationLesson 13 The Main Components in PWR Coolant System91.There are two steam generators in each primary loop. （ ）key:type: judgment question92.The fluid from economizer section is two-phase flow. ( )key:type: judgment question93.In accordance with the coolant temperature program, the average reactor coolant temperature is ( ) when steam demand is increased.A. constant B. fall C. raised D. highkey: Ctype: single-choice question94.In the down comer, the water is ( ).A. saturated B. boiling C. very cold D. subcooledkey: Dtype: single-choice question95.The flywheel on the motor is to provide ( ).A. energy B. water C. coastdown flow D. torquekey: Ctype: single-choice question96.The temperature of the water in the seal assembly is maintained within acceptable limits by ( ).A. water B. oil C. steam D. water and oilkey: Atype: single-choice question97.A low-low pres